Showing papers by "Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University published in 2005"
TL;DR: In this article, the antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract of black cumin were investigated by different techniques, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring peroxide, TBA and total carbonyl values of rapeseed oil at fixed time intervals.
Abstract: The antifungal, antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract of black cumin were investigated by different techniques. In the inverted petriplate method, the essential oil showed complete zones of inhibition against Penicillium citrinum at a 6 µl dose. Essential oil showed complete growth inhibition against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 2000 and 3000 ppm, respectively, by the agar well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring peroxide, TBA and total carbonyl values of rapeseed oil at fixed time intervals. Both the extract and essential oil showed strong antioxidant activity in comparison with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). In addition, their inhibitory action in the linoleic acid system was studied by monitoring the accumulation of peroxide concentration. Their radical scavenging capacity was carried out on 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and they showed excellent scavenging activity in comparison with synthetic antioxidants. Their reducing power was also determined, demonstrating strong antioxidant capacity of both the essential oil and extract. Gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric studies on the essential oil resulted in the identification of 38 components representing 84.65% of the total amount. The major component was p-cymene (36.2%) followed by thymoquinone (11.27%), α-thujene (10.03%), longifolene (6.32%), β-pinene (3.78%), α-pinene (3.33%) and carvacrol (2.12%), whereas extract showed the presence of 16 components representing 97.9% of the total amount. The major components were linoleic acid (53.6%), thymoquinone (11.8%), palmitic acid (10%), p-cymene (8.6%), longifolene (5.8%) and carvacrol (3.7%). Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry
137 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the antioxidant and antibacterial potentials of essential oils and acetone extracts of black pepper, cumin, black cumin and mace were carried out by different techniques.
Abstract: The antioxidant and antibacterial potentials of essential oils and acetone extracts of black pepper, cumin, black cumin and mace were carried out by different techniques. The antioxidative capacity of the essential oils and acetone extracts were evaluated against mustard oil by measuring peroxide and thibarbituric acid values at fixed intervals. In addition, their antioxidant potential was evaluated by 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydracyl radical and conjugated diene assays. Their reducing power was determined with standards, which proved the strong antioxidant capacity of essential oils and extracts. The antioxidant activity of essential oils and extracts exerted by all the antioxidant assays can be compared with synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene. The antibacterial activity was studied by disk diffusion and poison food methods. Black cumin essential oil showed complete zone of inhibition (P < 0.05) against tested bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis at 2 and 6 μL level by disk diffusion method. Black cumin and black pepper extracts showed complete reduction of colonies against tested bacterial strains of S. aureus, B. cereus and B. subtilis at 5 and 10 μL level by poison food method. Poison food method exhibited good results for the tested essential oils and extracts. Essential oils of black pepper, cumin, black cumin and mace may be used to stabilize mustard oil after screening.
126 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract were carried out by different techniques, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring peroxide, thiobarbituric acid and total carbonyl values of rapeseed oil.
Abstract: The antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract were carried out by different techniques. In poison food medium method, the essential oil showed complete zones of inhibition against Fusarium graminearum at the all tested doses. For other tested fungi and bacteria, they gave good to moderate zone inhibition. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring peroxide, thiobarbituric acid and total carbonyl values of rapeseed oil at fixed time intervals. Both the extract and essential oil showed strong antioxidant activity in comparison with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). In addition, their inhibitory action in linoleic acid system was studied by monitoring peroxide concentration in emulsion during incubation. The results were well correlated with above values. Their radical scavenging capacity was carried out on 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydracyl (DPPH) radicalm, and they showed strong scavenging activity in comparison with synthetic antioxidants. Their reducing power was also determined, which also proved strong antioxidant capacity of essential oil and extract. Gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopy studies on essential oil resulted in the identification of 49 components representing 96.49% of the total amount, and the major component was sabinene (20.22%), followed by terpinen-4-ol (12.08%), safrole (10.32%), αpinene (9.7%), β-phellandrene (6.56%), and γ-terpinene (5.93%). The acetone extract showed the presence of 23 components representing 71.66% of the total amount. The major components were isocroweacin (18.92%), elemicin (17.68%), methoxyeugenol (8.13%), linoleic acid (4.12%), dehydrodiisoeugenol (4.06%), palmitic acid (2.8%), and trans-isoeugenol (2.76%).
101 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a GC-MS analysis of fresh rhizome essential oil of Zingiber ofcinale showed the presence of 69 components, accounting for 96.93% of the total oil.
Abstract: GC–MS analysis of fresh rhizome essential oil of Zingiber officinale showed the presence of 69 components, accounting for 96.93% of the total oil. The major component was α-zingiberene (28.62%) followed by camphene (9.32%), ar-curcumene (9.09%) and β-phellandrene (7.97%). Analysis of the oleoresin showed the presence of 34 components, accounting for 88.63% of the total oleoresin. The major components were trans-6-shogaol (26.23%), trans-10-shogaol (13.0%), α-zingiberene (9.66%) and 10-gingerdione (6.80%). Moreover, the essential oil was found to be 100% antifungal against Fusarium oxysporum, whereas the oleoresin was 100% antifungal against Aspergillus niger. The latter expressed better antioxidant activity in sunflower oil as compared to the essential oil and synthetic antioxidants (BHA and BHT). Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
98 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermal analysis of RDX and its three plastic-bonded explosives (PBXs) was performed under different conditions, and the authors found that the presence of binder alters the reaction pathways and facilitates the reaction to take place in the condensed phase and reduces the role of competing reaction channels.
47 citations
TL;DR: Mortality caused by the aqueous extract of latex of Thevetia peruviana, Alstonia scholaris and Euphorbia pulcherrima against two harmful freshwater snails and Indoplanorbis exustus is reported.
47 citations
TL;DR: Heteropneustes fossilis were subjected to 5.76 and 1.44 microg/L of cypermethrin for short- and long-term experiments, respectively and Ultimobranchial glands were fixed for histological studies.
36 citations
TL;DR: The latex of four plants viz. Euphorbia royleana, Jatropha gossypifolia (Euphorbiaceae), Nerium indicum and Thevetia peruviana (Apocynaceae) caused significant reduction in acid/alkaline phosphatase activity and antiacetylcholinesterase activity in nervous tissue of freshwater air breathing fish Channa marulius as mentioned in this paper.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the activation energy of isothermal TG data was analyzed using both model fitting and a model free isoconversional method and the results showed that activation energy is dependant on extent of conversion and different values were obtained for thermolysis of K-6 and PBXs.
28 citations
TL;DR: Ephorbia hirta (family-Euphorbiaceae), commonly known as Dudhi, is a common medicinal plant of India, which is used in variety of diseases i.e. cough, asthma, colic, dysentery, genito urinary diseases.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of the kinetics of thermal decomposition was made using a model fitting procedure as well as an isoconversional method, independent of any model.
Abstract: Bis(propylenediamine)metal perchlorate (BPMP) complexes like [M(pn)2](ClO4)2 (where M=Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn and pn=propylenediamine) have been prepared and characterized by gravimetric methods, infrared and elemental analysis. Thermal properties have been studied using simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis in atmospheres of nitrogen and air to examine the effect of atmospheric change on thermal decomposition of these complexes. Changing of the atmosphere does not cause any measurable changes in the decomposition of complexes. However, as indicated by thermoanalytical techniques, the thermal stability of present complexes decreases in the order: [Cr(pn)2](ClO4)2>[Mn(pn)2](ClO4)2>[Zn(pn)2](ClO4)2>[Ni(pn)2](ClO4)2>[Cu(pn)2](ClO4)2. Isothermal thermogravimetry, over the temperature range of decomposition has been done for all the complexes. An analysis of the kinetics of thermal decomposition was made using a model fitting procedure as well as an isoconversional method, independent of any model. The results of both kinetic approaches have been discussed critically. The explosion delay (DE) was measured to investigate the trend of rapid thermal analysis.
TL;DR: Theoretical calculations have been done for neutral and cationic catacondensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using density functional theory approach as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: Ten new lanthanum( III) and praseodymium(III) complexes derived from the condensation of isatin with 4-phenyl thiosemicarbazide, have been synthesized in methanol in presence of sodium hydroxide.
TL;DR: A disodium salt of azotetrazolate (SAZ) has been prepared and characterized by elemental, UV, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and crystallographic analyses and the thermal stability of the compound has been discussed in the light of TG-DSC and explosion delay.
TL;DR: The effects of sub-lethal treatments with plant-derived molluscicides Annona squamosa, acetogenins, Argemone mexicana seed and protopine, in combination with MGK-264 or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of Lymnaea acuminata has been studied.
Abstract: The effects of sub-lethal treatments (20 and 60% of 24-h LC50) with plant-derived molluscicides Annona squamosa, acetogenins, Argemone mexicana seed and protopine, in combination (1 + 5) with MGK-264 (ENT 8184) or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of Lymnaea acuminata has been studied. The plant-derived molluscicides and their active molluscicidal components, protopine and acetogenins, in combination with ENT 8184 or piperonyl butoxide caused a significant reduction in the fecundity, hatchability and survival of young snails. Combination of A squamosa seed powder with piperonyl butoxide was very effective as it caused a complete arrest of snail fecundity within 24 h of treatment. Removal of the snails to fresh water after the 96-h treatments caused a significant recovery in the fecundity of L acuminata. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of metaphosphate glasses (Q 2 tetrahedral units) with symmetric bridging oxygen (P-O−P) and non-bridging oxygen(P−O − ).
Abstract: Ternary sodium–cobalt–phosphate glasses of the composition (50 − x )Na 2 O–50P 2 O 5 – x CoCl 2 with x varying between 0 and 15 mol% prepared by melt quenching have been characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Thermal ( T g , T c ) and electrical properties have been investigated. Infrared spectra reveal the formation of metaphosphate glasses ( Q 2 tetrahedral units) with symmetric bridging oxygen (P–O–P) and non-bridging oxygen (P–O − ). The spectra also indicate the formation of P–O–Co bonds in the metaphosphate glasses that replace P–O − –Na + bonds. The results of thermal studies correlate with these FT-IR findings and support the formation of P–O–Co bonds and an increased cross-link density with increasing CoCl 2 . This results in enhanced chemical durability and increased T g and T c of the glasses. The electrical conductivity parameters upon changing the composition have been correlated with structural changes in the glass matrix.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used physicochemical techniques, viz. conductometric and nephelometric titrations, UV-vis and IR spectroscopy and potential measurements in the absence and presence of these extracts.
TL;DR: Tentative structural conclusions are drawn for these reaction products based upon elemental analyses, electrical conductance, magnetic moment and spectral data, and to assess the growth-inhibiting potential of the complexes synthesized, and the ligands, against various fungal and bacterial strains.
Abstract: The reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) dichloride with Schiff bases derived by condensing 2- amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole with benzaldehyde (SPT), 4-nitrobenzaldehyde (SNT), 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (SMT), 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde (SSTH) or 2-hydroxyacetophenone (SATH) have been studied in refluxing tetrahydrofuran and complexes of types [Cp2TiCl(SB)]Cl (SB= SPT, SNT or SMT) and [Cp2Ti(SB')]Cl (SB'H= SSTH or SATH) have been isolated Tentative structural conclusions are drawn for these reaction products based upon elemental analyses, electrical conductance, magnetic moment and spectral (UV-vis, IR and 1H NMR) data Studies were conducted to assess the growth-inhibiting potential of the complexes synthesized, and the ligands, against various fungal and bacterial strains
TL;DR: After the 7th day of the withdrawal of treatment, there was significant recovery in glycogen, pyruvate, lactate, total protein, and the free amino acid level and in the activity of the lactic dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenases, cytochrome oxidase, protease, aspartate aminotransaminase and alanine aminosaminase enzymes in all three of the studied tissues of the snail.
TL;DR: The non-ideal behaviour of the systems studied is explained on the basis of dipole-induced dipole interactions.
TL;DR: An Indian isolate of sugarcane mosaic virus was found easily transmitted by mechanical sap inoculation to sugar cane and sorghum plants and was stylet borne.
Abstract: An Indian isolate of sugarcane mosaic virus was found easily transmitted by mechanical sap inoculation to sugarcane and sorghum plants. Out of different methods tried for mechanical inoculation, Bain’s and Matz’s method gave maximum per cent of infection in inoculated sugarcane and three varieties ofSorghum vulgare (cv. M.P.cherry, CSH-5 and CSH-9). The virus was also found to be transmitted by four aphids, viz.Aphis gossypii, Longiunguis sacchari, Myzus persicae andRophalosiphum maidis. Since the virus could be transmitted most efficiently byR. maidis the detailed study was made with it to establish the virus-vector relationship.R. maidis could acquire virus without any pre-acquisition fasting, but fasting has beneficial effect up to 4h on the acquisition power. In case, fasting is increased beyond 4 h, the efficiency of transmission decreased. The aphid acquire the virus within 30 sec. However, optimum acquisition feeding was obtained in 2 min. but the maximum infection was obtained after 30 min infection feeding of test plants. Even a single viruliferous aphid was enough to initiate the infection. The transmission per cent decreased when the aphids were fasted after acquisition feeding of 2h from 60 to 13 per cent. In serial transfers, the aphids cease to be infective very soon while feeding on the test plants. Thus the virus under study was transmitted apparently by typically non-persistent manner and was stylet borne.
TL;DR: The reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) dichloride with a new class of thiosemicarbazone (LH2), derived by condensing isatin with different N(4)-substituted thiosity, have been studied and products of type [Cp2Ti(L)] have been isolated.
Abstract: The reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV) dichloride with a new class of thiosemicarbazone (LH2), derived by condensing isatin with different N(4)-substituted thiosemicarbazides, have been studied and products of type [Cp2Ti(L)] have been isolated. On the basis of various physico-chemical and spectral studies, five coordinate structures have been assigned to these derivatives. Toxicity studies of titanocene complexes at tbur different concentrations have been carried out against snail Lymnaea acuminata. The effect of most potent compounds on the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme, which inhibits the activity of enzyme, possibly by the formation of enzyme-inhibitor complex, was also studied.
TL;DR: Five novel organophosphorus derivatives have been synthesized by the reactions of O,O-diethylchlorophosphate with piperazine dithiosemicarbazones and proved to be more active than some prevalent commercial synthetic fungicides.
Abstract: Five novel organophosphorus derivatives have been synthesized by the reactions of O,O-diethylchlorophosphate with piperazine dithiosemicarbazones. The derivatives have been characterized on the basis of analyses and spectral (IR, 1H NMR) data. Fungicidal activities of these derivatives against Colletotrichum falcatum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Curvularia pallescence have been evaluated. The screening results have been correlated with the structural features of the tested compounds. Organophosphorus derivatives containing 1,4-bis(4-chlorobenzaldehyde)piperazine dithiosemicarbazone and 1,4-bis(4-methoxybenzaldehyde)piperazine dithiosemicarbazone proved to be more active than some prevalent commercial synthetic fungicides.
TL;DR: In this paper, a number of samples of undoped silver phosphate glasses with 1, 5, 10 and 20 mol-% zinc or cadmium halides have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, differential scanning calorimetry, transference number measurements and electrical conductivity studies.
Abstract: A number of samples of silver phosphate glasses Ag2O−P2O5−Zn/CdX2 (X=Cl, Br or I) with 1, 5, 10 and 20 mol-% zinc or cadmium halides have been prepared. Control samples of undoped silver phosphate glasses were also prepared. These glasses were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, differential scanning calorimetry, transference number measurements and electrical conductivity studies. These glasses were found to be essentially ionic conductors. The undoped silver phosphate glass (Ag2O−P2O5) has a low σ value in comparison to the doped ones. The conductivity (σ) in the doped glasses increases substantially with increasing concentration of dopant salts Zn/or CdX2 and as the anions of the dopants are changed from Cl− to I−. It is found that the σ values of the ZnX2 doped glasses are slightly greater than those of the CdX2 doped ones, and the silver phosphate glasses doped with (20 mol-%) Zn/CdI2 yielded maximum conductivity. The results have been discussed and explained on the basis of changes in the structure of the glass matrix by the addition of dopant ions of different sizes, IR spectra and thermal studies.
TL;DR: In this article, three metal perchlorate complexes of general formula [M(dab) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 ·xH 2 O (where M = Zn, Cu and Ni; dab = 1,4-diaminobutane) have been prepared and characterized by gravimetry, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and elemental analysis.
TL;DR: In this article, mixed carboxylato β-diketonato complexes of chromium (III) (R=C13H27, C15H31 or C17H35 and L=CH3OH) have been synthesized by enforced substitution reactions of [Cr3O(OOCCH3)7(H2O)] first with straight chain fatty acids (myristic, palmitic or stearic acid) and then with β diketones (Hβ-dike) like acetylacetone(Hacac
TL;DR: Proton NMR spectra indicate that on the NMR time scale there is rapid rotation of the cyclopentadienyl ring around the metal-ring axis at 25ºC.
Abstract: The reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium(IV)/zirconium(IV) dichloride with a series of imine-oxime ligands (LH 2 ), derived by condensing benzil-α-monoxime and 2-phenylenediamine, 4-phenylenediamine, 4-methyl-2-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diamino-pyridine, have been studied in anhydrous tetrahydrofuran in the presence of base and metallocycles of the [Cp 2 M(L)] (M=Ti or Zr) type have been isolated. Tentative structures have been proposed for the products based on elemental analysis, electrical conductance and spectral (electronic, IR and 1 H-NMR) data. Proton NMR spectra indicate that on the NMR time scale there is rapid rotation of the cyclopentadienyl ring around the metal-ring axis at 25oC. Studies were conducted to assess the growth inhibiting potential of the complexes synthesized and the ligands against various bacterial strains. Keywords: Titanium(IV), zirconium(IV), imine-oxime, IR, PMR, antibacterial activity Introduction Derivatives of the bent metallocene complexes of Group IV metals have attracted increasing attention because they are applied in a variety of asymmetric catalytic and stoichiometric reactions [1-6]. Perhaps the most important application of these complexes is in the isotactic polymerization of propylene. The introduction of modifications to the classical ligands is a very effective way of varying the physical and chemical properties of the parent metallocenes over a very wide range in order to incorporate novel reactivity and optimize existing properties [1]. In continuation of our earlier studies [7-16] on the coordination behaviour of new type of ligands towards Cp
TL;DR: Thermolytic process is slow in inert (N(2)) and is fast in air atmosphere due to oxidative nature and thermal stability of the complexes was found to increase in the order Mn < Cu < Ni < Zn.
TL;DR: In this article, a female patient's gallbladder stone sample was analysed by diagnostic, spectroscopic methods and by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the results showed that Bile acid (ursodeoxycholic acid) was used to study its effect on the dissolution of cholestrol present in the stone, and extracts of edible leaves and fruits (amla, lemon and mausammi) and homoeopathic medicines Berberis vulgaris Q. and Calcarea carb 200 in the concentration range 0-3% (v
TL;DR: In this article, the antiviral activity of all the tested spices showed significant inhibitory activity (25-100%) at different dilutions at different levels of the volatile oils Cuminum cyminum, Carum copticum, Curcuma longa, Nigella sativa and Foeniculum vulgare.
Abstract: The volatile oils and acetone extracts of Anethum graveolens, Ppiper nigrum, Foeniculum vulgare, Cuminum cyminum, Carum copticum, Curcuma longa and Nigella sativa were tested for antiviral activity against papaya ring spot poty virus, using Chenopodium amaranticolor coste et Reyn, a local lesion host. The volatile oils of all the tested spices showed significant inhibitory activity (25–100%) at different dilutions. The volatile oils Cuminum cyminum, Carum copticum, Nigella sativa and Curcuma longa were found to be most effective among all the tested oils. Acetone extract of Carum copticum, Curcuma longa, Nigella sativa and Foeniculum vulgare showed better antiviral activity as compared to other tested extracts.