Indian Institute of Technology Ropar

About: Indian Institute of Technology Ropar is a education organization based out in Ropar, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Computer science. The organization has 1014 authors who have published 2878 publications receiving 35715 citations.

Performance Improvement in SC-MLGNRs Interconnects Using Interlayer Dielectric Insertion

Abstract: Due to their higher resistance, single layer graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are not suitable for high-speed on-chip interconnect applications. Hence, we use multilayer GNRs (MLGNRs) that offer multiple conduction channels and lower resistance. However, MLGNRs turn into graphite as the number of layers increase, which reduces the mean-free path of each layer. Insertion of a dielectric between GNR layers prevents its conversion into graphite, thereby improving its mean-free path and scattering rate. In this paper, we are proposing an analytical model for the time-domain analysis of side-contact MLGNRs (SC-MLGNRs) with intermediate dielectric insertion. The proposed model computes scattering rate, mean-free path, and carrier mobility in GNRs where dielectric has been inserted between individual layers. Our analytical results for mobility and scattering rate have been verified with the existing experimental data that exhibit excellent accuracy (maximum of error 4% for mobility and 16% for scattering time). Based on our analysis, we have found that the electron mean-free path in GNRs strongly depends on surrounding dielectric environment. In that, the mean-free path increases with interlayer insertion of high- $k$ dielectrics. Equivalent $RLC$ parameters, delay, energy-delay product, and bandwidth density are calculated for our proposed GNR interconnects using our model. We observe that these performance metrics significantly improve due to the presence of dielectric between GNR layers. When compared with Cu interconnects, insertion of HfO2 between GNR layers results in reduction in both propagation delay and energy-delay product by $2\times $ for interconnect lengths of $1400 ~\mu \text{m}$ . In addition, zigzag SC-MLGNR interconnect with $N=10$ and $\varepsilon _{2}=20$ gives nearly 35% higher bandwidth density than that of Cu interconnects for all interconnect lengths. In our analysis, we propose a new performance metric, bandwidth density/energy-delay product to determine the performance limits of our proposed interconnect structure. Finally, we compare the performance of SC-MLGNR interconnect structure with copper and optical interconnects to exhibit its application in local and global interconnects.

Transition-Metal-Exchanged Nanocrystalline ZSM-5 and Metal-Oxide-Incorporated SBA-15 Catalyzed Reduction of Nitroaromatics

Abstract: Nanocrystalline ZSM-5 was synthesized by a one-step synthetic route using the conventional ZSM-5 synthesis composition but in the presence of propyltriethoxysilane as an additive. Transition metal ion-exchanged nanocrystalline ZSM-5 catalysts were obtained by the ion exchange of nanocrystalline ZSM-5. The one-step direct synthetic route was used to prepare metal-oxide-incorporated SBA-15 catalysts under milder acidic conditions than are conventionally employed for the synthesis of Si-SBA-15. The catalysts were investigated in the reduction of nitroaromatics in the presence of sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. Among the catalysts investigated, copper ion-exchanged nanocrystalline ZSM-5 exhibited the highest activity. Although the copper ion-exchanged nanocrystalline ZSM-5 is recyclable, but for efficient recycling (with no loss in activity), it is better for the catalyst to be ion-exchanged once before being used in the next cycle.

Polyamine Based Ratiometric Fluorescent Chemosensor for Strontium Metal Ion in Aqueous Medium: Application in Tap Water, River Water, and in Oral Care

Abstract: A pyrene-based polymer, 2, was synthesized via one step condensation reaction between pyrene-1-carboxaldehyde and polyamine in methanol. Organic nanoparticles (ONPs) of polymeric compound 2 were developed using a reprecipitation method and investigated for their chemosensor application using fluorescence spectroscopy. Nanoaggregates of polymer compound 2 exhibit efficient and selective chemosensor properties for detection of strontium ions in an aqueous medium, with a detection limit of 9 nM. To analyze the practical utility of the sensor, it was successfully employed to detect the amount of Sr2+ in tap water, river water, and strontium based toothpastes.