Jan Długosz University

About: Jan Długosz University is a education organization based out in Częstochowa, Poland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Crystal structure & Luminescence. The organization has 749 authors who have published 2311 publications receiving 19395 citations. The organization is also known as: Higher Teacher Education School.

The Comparison of the Body Composition of Children at the Early School Age from Urban and Rural Area in Southwestern Poland.

Abstract: The aim of the study was to compare the segmental body composition with the use of fat-fat-free (FFF) index in children at early school age, depending on sex and place of residence, with particular emphasis on urban and rural areas. The study consisted of 329 children aged 7.78 (SD = 0.88; mean age in years). The study group was divided according to the place of residence and sex. The height and body mass, Body Mass Index (BMI), segmental body composition (Tanita BC-418MA), and FFF were calculated. A more frequent occurrence of excessive body weight was observed in children from rural areas (over 20%) compared to their peers from the urban area (10%). Statistically significant lower values of FFF index as well as in the lower limbs and torso were observed in the case of the examined children from the urban area as compared with their peers from the rural areas. The body composition of children living in metropolitan and rural areas is diverse. Lower values of FFF indexes were found in children from the city than in children living in villages. There are more children in the city with signs of being underweight and of normative body mass and paradoxically more overweight ones in the village.

Pseudo-self-organized topological phases in glassy selenides for IR photonics

Abstract: Network-forming cluster approach is applied to As-Se and Ge-Se glasses to justify their tendency to self-organization. It is shown that reversibility windows determined by temperature-modulated differential scanning calorimetry using short-term aged or as-prepared samples do not necessary coincide with self-organized phase in these materials. The obtained results testify also pseudo-self-organization phenomenon in Ge-Se glasses: over-constrained outrigger raft structural units built of two edge- and four corner-shared tetrahedra are interconnected via optimally-constrained ≡Ge-Se-Se-Ge≡ bridges within the range of compositions identified previously as self-organized phase by temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry technique. (© 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

The effect of the substitution level of some dextran-methotrexate conjugates on their antitumor activity in experimental cancer models.

Abstract: Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used in the treatment of a number of oncological and hematological diseases. Due to its known limitations, MTX is often conjugated with different carriers to obtain amended forms of the drug. In this study, the potential influence of the substitution level (loading ratio) of the dextran T10- and T40-based MTX conjugates (D-MTX) on their properties were investigated in vitro and in vivo. The clear dependence of the in vitro antiproliferative effect on the substitution level was established only in the case of the dextran T10-based preparations (T10-MTX conjugates). Conjugates with the higher substitution level had the lower antiproliferative effect. For the dextran T40-based (T40-MTX conjugates) set no similar relationship was observed in the tested range of substitution levels, nor was any dependence observed between the biological properties of the D-MTX preparations in vivo and their substitution levels. However, the difference between the two conjugates was well pronounced in a multiple- dose schedule, when the advantage of T40-MTX over T10-MTX was cumulative during the prolonged course of administration. Methotrexate (MTX), an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase, is widely used in the treatment of a number of oncological, hematological and immunological diseases (1, 2). However, MTX also has known limitations, due to its low plasma half-life, toxicity for normal proliferating cells and resistance by tumor cells. These limitations have prompted researchers to find strategies for improvement. One of the strategies frequently applied in improving drug activity is the conjugation of chemotherapeutic drugs with carriers. Conjugation often results in a prolongation of the therapeutic effect, alteration of the toxicity profile and a reduction in the immunogenicity of the parental drugs (3). Coupling these agents with different carriers was shown to increase their plasma half-life, since macromolecules with high molecular weight (Mw) have lower clearance rates (4). Accumulation of the conjugated chemotherapeutics in the

Antagonism between lead and zinc ions in plants

Abstract: The article presents the results of research which describes antagonism between Pb-Zn in selected plant species from the area of Czestochowa – Mirow district (north-western part of the Czestochowa Upland). There were analyzed changes in the ratio of Pb/Zn in different organs of the tested plants as a function of the Zn content changes. The content of metals in the plants and the soil was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry AAS. In all organs of the plants there was observed antagonistic decrease of Pb uptake and accumulation, resulting from the increase in the concentration Zn.Antagonism between Zn and Pb in roots of the tested plants occurred at Zn content of 200–600 μg/g. In turn, antagonism in stems and flowers occurred at lower contents of zinc (100–180 μg/g). In leaves, antagonism between Pb and Zn occurred when Zn was present at the level of 300–800 μg/g.Ex definition of the analyses confirm the presence of antagonism of lead with regard to high levels of Zn. The study also confirmed that the degree of antagonism depends on the plant species.

Effectiveness of avoiding collision with an object in motion – virtual reality technology in diagnostic and training from perspective of prophylactic of body injuries

Abstract: Background and Aim: People older than 60 years, with dysfunctions of musculoskeletal or motor system, impaired vision or hearing etc. are in a group of higher risk of collisions with objects in motion, which suddenly are heading towards their body (cyclists, runners, thrown an object, intentional punch or kick etc.). This study aims to verify compensation possibilities of this category of threats by a person who is cumulating a few factors of higher risk of collision with an object in motion heading toward his head, but on the other hand, having a longstanding adaptation for this kind of threats. Material and Methods: Two men have been subjected to the study: a man A 68-years-old and man B 27-years-old. Measurements have been performed with the use of MVN Biomech System (XSENS). Application projects a ball with a diameter of 12 cm, which fly with constant velocity (three trials; 10-, 6and 3 m/s) alongside axis perpendicular to a frontal plane on the height the head and legs of the participant in an initial moment. Results: Man B avoided collision head with an object in motion three times. Man A avoided it only with a velocity of 3 m/s. Mean time of reaction of man A was 0.407 ±0.27s and was 35% longer than man B (0.263 ±0.05s). Man A performed body rotation faster (0.870 ±0.636s) than B (1.133 ±0.054s); moves his centre of mass more efficiently in the frontal plane (5.953 ±0.034deg) and sagittal plane (6.185 ±0.959deg) than man B (9.825 ±2.909deg) and (13.001 ±0.451deg). Man A managed to avoid collision with a ball with a diameter of 12 cm for the left knee at the highest velocity (10 m/s). Man B did not avoid collision nor for the left or right knee in the same circumstances. Kinematic trajectory for following velocities registered for 27 years old man differs significantly. Conclusion: Positive adaptation effects for 68 years old man (most of the analysed time graphs of kinematics quantities were similar) is an empiric proof, that some category of “life sports” guarantee an optimal level of motor safety to a late elderly. Furthermore, adequately adapted virtual reality technology could be an effective and attractive tool for enhancing training of avoiding collisions on small space (in the apartment, garage etc.) despite weather or other circumstances.