Showing papers by "Mahidol University published in 1977"
TL;DR: No single area of the nervous system was inaccessible to the highly invasive gnathostome lava, and multiplicity and/or rapid progress of lesions beyond the degree of cerebral oedema could only be explained by further migration of the parasite.
96 citations
TL;DR: Findings from parallel examination of polytene and metaphase chromosome groups shows that inversion polymorphism in chromosome 3 of D. recticilia from East Maui (Hawaii) manifests a one-to-one correlation with a metaphase karyotype polymorphism due to the presence of an extra heterochromatic portion.
Abstract: A simple technique for preparing mitotic metaphases from a larval ganglion of Drosophila is described. Parallel examination of polytene and metaphase chromosome groups shows that inversion polymorphism in chromosome 3 of D. recticilia from East Maui (Hawaii) manifests a one-to-one correlation with a metaphase karyotype polymorphism due to the presence of an extra heterochromatic portion. These observations are consistent with the previous findings on other species of Hawaiian Drosophila. They strongly support the hypothesis that when one breakpoint of a long inverted segment of a chromosome element occurs in the vicinity of the constitutive heterochromatin, it may exert an effect in eliciting the production of heterochromatic material in the same chromosome.
56 citations
TL;DR: Iron absorption from nonhomogenized meals of identical composition as studied previously was many times higher and was consistent with the actual prevalence of iron deficiency in lower socioeconomic groups of Thais mainly consuming the simple meals studied.
55 citations
TL;DR: Preliminary evidence from detailed studies in a large number of series of brain material with HRP injections in various regions of the cerebellum in the cat is presented and similar findings were also obtained from preliminary studies of cerebellar afferents in primates.
53 citations
TL;DR: A bleeding syndrome due to severe prothrombin complex deficiency is reported in 93 infants, most were breast fed, aged 2 weeks to 1 year and there were no serious preceding or associated diseases.
Abstract: A bleeding syndrome due to severe prothrombin complex deficiency is reported in 93 infants. Most were breast fed (98 per cent), aged 2 weeks to 1 year and there were no serious preceding or associated diseases. Hemorrhagic diathesis, pallor and mild hepatomegaly were the major manifestations. The incidence of intracr anial bleeding was strikingly high (63 per cent) particularly with subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acute onset, short course and rapid clinical and laboratory improvement after vitamin K therapy were observed. Mortality rate was 35 per cent but has been reduced to 17 per cent since 1969. The location of bleeding, prompt diagnosis and early treatment are the major factors affecting prognosis. Severe prothrombin complex deficiency due to vitamin K deficiency accounted for the pathogenesis of bleeding. Possible causes of vitamin K deficiency were discussed but definite conclusions could not be drawn.
44 citations
TL;DR: The level of total L-carnitine was determined in normal human seminal plasma and sperm and the level of L-O-acetylcarn itine in both types of infertile samples is significantly lower than that in normal samples.
41 citations
28 citations
TL;DR: The Thai showed a slightly lower basal metabolism per unit body surface, and mean skin temperature measured in a similar environmental condition was lower for Thai than for Japanese, in view of physiology of acclimatization ot tropical climate.
Abstract: The aim of this research is to compare the physical status, basal metabolism and some other physiological characteristics between native Thai in Bangkok, Thailand, and native Japanese in Japan, and discuss the results regarding acclimatization to tropical climate. Measurements of the Thai were made in September in Bangkok, while those of native Japanese were done in August at Nishinomiya (Japan). The subjects were adult males (20-22 years old) in both cases. Physically the Thai are generally a little shorter and more slender than Japanese in the mean value. The mean skinfold thickness for Thai was 8.4 mm, which is significantly less than that of Japanese (11.0 mm). The mean oral temperature measured under basal conditions was the same between both subject groups. The Thai showed a slightly lower basal metabolism per unit body surface, and mean skin temperature measured in a similar environmental condition was lower for Thai than for Japanese. The results of anthropometric measurements and physiological characteristics measured were discussed in view of physiology of acclimatization ot tropical climate.
27 citations
TL;DR: HLA antigens were studied in patients, with leprosy, 20 cases of lepromatous and 16 cases of tuberculoid type, finding that the frequency of BW40 in tuberculoids patients was not different from that in le Promatous cases.
Abstract: . HLA antigens were studied in 36 patients, with leprosy, 20 cases of lepromatous and 16 cases of tuberculoid type. Eleven out of 36 (30.55%) had BW40 as compared to 9.33% of 150 controls. The frequency of BW40 in tuberculoid patients (31.25%) was not different from that in lepromatous cases (30%).
23 citations
TL;DR: The results showed a linear relationship between log molecular weight and relative electrophoretic mobility and the simplicity and reliability of the method offer an alternative means of determination of molecular weights of a wide variety of proteins by gel electrophoresis.
22 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that supports additive effects ol the toxicity of digitalis and abnormal ratios of concentrations of potassium inside and outside the cardiac cell and guidelines for assessing this aucial ratio of intracellular to extracellular concentrations ofassium are provided to aid the clinician in the diagnosis and effective treatment ofdigitalis‐induced arrhythmias.
Abstract: Reviews of large series of patients with digitalis-induced arrhythmias create a seeming paradox: Hypokalemia is infrequently associated with digitalis-induced arrhythmias but the clinical benefit of supplementation of potassium for most digitalis-induced arrhythmias is obvious. Examination of the electrophysiologic abnormalities induced by digitalis coupled with the electrophysiologic effects dependent on the ratio intracellular to extracellular concentrations of potassium clarifies the issue. We present evidence that supports additive effects of the toxicity of digitalis and abnormal ratios of concentrations of potassium inside and outside the cardiac cell. We provide guidelines for assessing this crucial ratio of intracellular to extracellular concentrations of potassium to aid the clinician in the diagnosis and effective treatment of digitalis-induced arrhythmias.
TL;DR: The fact that reproducible amounts of haemoglobin are retained in membrane prepared by hypotonic lysis at acidic pH [S] indicates that, at least under these conditions, specific interaction exists between haemobic components in the preparation.
TL;DR: The results suggested that the IUD should be removed early in pregnancy when the string is still accessible, and not in cases with inaccessible thread.
Abstract: The outcome of 196 pregnancies with Lippes Loop in situ was studied. In 102 cases with inaccessible thread, the IUD was left in place. Ninety-four women had the IUD removed when the thread was still visible. The incidence of spontaneous abortion and premature delivery was 56.8% in the group of 102, and was significantly higher than in those women whose loop was removed. No serious complications occurred in any of the cases. The results suggested that the IUD should be removed early in pregnancy when the string is still accessible.
TL;DR: It is concluded that metabolic adrenoceptors are differentiated into subtypes similar to those mediating cardiostimulation and vasodilatation.
Abstract: 1 Cardiovascular and metabolic responses to intravenous infusion of isoprenaline were measured in fasted, anaesthetized cats. 2 Isoprenaline (0.2 mug kg-1 min-1 for 15 min) decreased diastolic blood pressure and increased heart rate, blood glucose, blood lactate and plasma free fatty acids. 3 Oxprenolol (0.5 mg/kg) antagonized all cardiovascular and metabolic effects of isoprenaline non-selectively. 4 Para-oxprenolol (0.25 mg/kg) and practolol (4 mg/kg) antagonized the effects of isoprenaline on heart rate and free fatty acids selectively. 5 H 35/25 ((I-(4-methylphenyl)-2-isopropyl aminopropanol) hydrochloride, 3 mg/kg) antagonized the effects of isoprenaline on blood pressure, glucose and lactate selectively. 6 It is concluded that metabolic adrenoceptors are differentiated into subtypes similar to those mediating cardiostimulation and vasodilatation.
TL;DR: Evidence from this study suggests that lymphocytes and globular leucocytes are more sensitive to cyclophosphamide than crypt epithelial cells, and that they degenerate in crypt epithelium.
Abstract: When a single sublethal dose (300 mg/kg body weight) of cyclophosphamide was injected intraperitoneally into experimental mice, several morphological alterations were detected in the crypt epithelium within a few hours. These were (a) mitotic activity of epithelial cells decreased, reaching the lowest level at 16 hours; (b) an abnormally high number of lymphocytes and cells with eosinophilic granules appeared in the epithelium; later these cells degenerated and the maximum number of dead cells was observed at six hours after the drug injection. At four days post-injection the morphology of crypt epithelium had returned to normal.
Electron microscopic examination revealed that although the mitotic activity of crypt epithelial cells was depressed, there was little change in their morphology following the drug administration. However, many intermediate stages of degeneration of lymphocytes and eosinophilic cells were observed in the intercellular spaces as well as apparently inside the cytoplasm of crypt epithelial cells. The eosinophilic cells are characterized by the presence of large crystal-containing granules in the cytoplasm, and are believed to be equivalent to “globular leucocytes” described by many investigators. Evidence from this study suggests that lymphocytes and globular leucocytes are more sensitive to cyclophosphamide than crypt epithelial cells, and that they degenerate in crypt epithelium.
TL;DR: A healthy Thai male was found to have an abnormal hemoglobin moving faster than Hb A in starch-gel electrophoresis, in addition to the normal hemoglobin constituents, which has never been described previously and it is named Hb Thailand.
Abstract: A healthy Thai male was found to have an abnormal hemoglobin moving faster than Hb A in starch-gel electrophoresis, in addition to the normal hemoglobin constituents. The abnormal hemoglobin constituted 28% of the whole hemoglobin. The subject was asymptomatic and had normal hematologic findings. Structural characterization revealed that the amino acid substitution was α 56 Lys→Thr. This variant has never been described previously and it is named Hb Thailand.
TL;DR: These and the previous results indicate that some endogeneous negative chronotropic agents can alter relative potencies of the agonists as well as characteristics of blockers.
Abstract: 1. 1. Lowering temperature reduced maximal effects of all four common adrenoceptor agonists without any change in their potencies. 2. 2. Quinidine reduced their potencies slightly and lowered maximal effects only at high concentrations. 3. 3. Adenosine caused a large decrease in potency of isoprenaline but hardly affected that of phenylephrine. 4. 4. These and our previous results indicate that some endogeneous negative chronotropic agents can alter relative potencies of the agonists as well as characteristics of blockers.
TL;DR: It is concluded that the resting membrane potential of rabbit lacrimal gland is independent of the external Cl− but it primarily depends on the external Na+, K+ and Ca2+.
TL;DR: There was a direct relationship between the serum FABP levels and the gestation period, and as the period of pregnancy advanced higher serum FabP levels were demonstrated.
Abstract: Folic acid and folate binding protein (FABP) concentrations were determined in 208 pregnant women as well as in 50 non-pregnant women. Serum folate levels in pregnant women were significantly lower than those of the non-pregnant group. Anaemic pregnant women also had lower serum folate concentrations than those of the non-anaemic pregnant women. Ninetyeight of 208 (47.1%) pregnant women had serum folate levels of less than 4ng/ml. No significant difference in red cell folate concentration between the pregnant and non-pregnant groups was demonstrated, and only 5 of 206 (2.4%) of pregnant women had red cell folate levels of less than 200ng/ml. Serum FABP levels in preg-nant women were also found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) than those of the non-pregnant women. These levels were also found to be higher in the anaemic pregnant group and in pregnant women with serum folate concentration less than 4ng/ml than those of the non-anaemic pregnant women and pregnant women with serum folate concentration higher than 4ng/ml, respectively. There was a direct relationship between the serum FABP levels and the gestation period. As the period of pregnancy advanced higher serum FABP levels were demonstrated. No correlation between the gravida and the serum FABP levels was found in this study.
TL;DR: Crab-eating monkeys, Macaca fasicularis, fed a vitamin E-depleted diet for over 15 months showed signs of anemia manifested by a lowering in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell number, and by an increased susceptibility of erythrocytes to hydrogen peroxide lysis.
Abstract: Crab-eating monkeys, Macaca fasicularis, fed a vitamin E-depleted diet for over 15 months, showed signs of anemia manifested by a lowering in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell number, and by an increased susceptibility of erythrocytes to hydrogen peroxide lysis. Bone marrow pictures indicated the presence of multinucleated erythroid precursor cells and an accumulation of orthochromatophilic normoblasts. Supplementation with vitamin E resulted in reticulocytosis and a return of the normal bone marrow picture.
TL;DR: An acid protease, with an optimum pH of 2.5, exists in seminal plasma in a proenzyme form, resulting in the release of small molecular weight peptide in acidic pH, and can hydrolyze the cervical mucus protein.
Abstract: An acid protease with an optimum pH of 2.5 was first described in human seminal plasma as pepsin and pepsinogen (1), but had not been purified or characterized. Recently, we have purified the acid protease and its proenzyme from human seminal plasma (2,3). In many respects, the properties of seminal plasma acid protease are similar to those of gastric pepsin. Since the proenzyme is more stable than the active enzyme in alkaline solution and can be converted into its active form in acidic solution, the acid protease is likely to exist in seminal plasma, at the physiological pH around 7.5 (4), in proenzyme form.
TL;DR: It is revealed that CCl 4 -induced hepatic injury could be prevented by phenazine methosulfate (2 mg/kg, ip, 5 doses at 0.5-hr intervals), which in vitro was found to inhibit NADPH-cytochrome c reductase noncompetitively, compatible with the hypothesis previously proposed by others that cytochrome P -450 is the critical site for CCl 3 activation.
TL;DR: Thirteen out of fifteen patients with lichen amyloidosis showed lymphoplasmocytosis in the bone marrow and polyclonal gammopathy, and seven out of nine patients had elevated IgG level.
Abstract: Summary
Thirteen out of fifteen patients with lichen amyloidosis showed lymphoplasmocytosis in the bone marrow Seven out of eleven patients had polyclonal gammopathy, and seven out of nine patients had elevated IgG level Urinary Bence-Jones Protein was not present in eleven patients
TL;DR: The observations suggest that the phenolic groups are essential for the mitochondrial actions of THS, and this compound most probably acts by a mechanism different from oligomycin on the mitochondrial ATPase complex.
TL;DR: It is concluded that photoperiod has little direct effect on the mitotic activity or morphological development of the pineal parenchymal cell of the rat in the early postnatal period.
Abstract: It is concluded that photoperiod has little direct effect on the mitotic activity or morphological development of the pineal parenchymal cell of the rat in the early postnatal period.
TL;DR: The study suggests that positive attitudes towards induced abortion among Thai rural women reflect traditional values, not recent ‘modernization’ ones.
Abstract: Questions concerning their attitudes towards induced abortion in six different circumstances were asked of 1254 rural Thai married women, aged 15–44, in a 1972 nationwide fertility survey. A positive response was given to one or more of the questions by nearly three-fifths of the women; the largest proportion of positive responses (42·0%) was given by women if the pregnancy resulted from rape, and 40·1 % responded affirmatively if the pregnancy might endanger the health of the woman. The lowest proportions, but still nearly one-fifth of the women, were in favour of abortion if the couple do not want another child or if they cannot support another child. Responses are analysed in relation to the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the women and their husbands, to fertility and family planning experiences, and to the women's communication activities. Comparisons of the results are made with similar data from rural South Korea, rural US and suburban Thailand. The study suggests that positive attitudes towards induced abortion among Thai rural women reflect traditional values, not recent ‘modernization’ ones.
TL;DR: It is indicated that the presence of a blind loop of the rat's small intestine is associated with significant alteration in the kinetics of urinary excretion of flora dependent metabolites of dopamine and sulfasalazine, which might serve as the basis for a new method of detecting bacterial overgrowth.