Østfold University College

About: Østfold University College is a education organization based out in Halden, Norway. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Context (language use) & Health care. The organization has 438 authors who have published 1213 publications receiving 12510 citations. The organization is also known as: HiØ.

The art of/in educational research : assemblages at work

Abstract: This thesis aims to create an empirical and theoretical displacement related to participation as a concept and practice, focusing various action forces. Important questions related to ontology and epistemology in relation to substantial and methodological questions are raised. From a poststructural inspired research position the thesis explores a very limited number of empirical examples. By putting theory (philosophical concepts from Deleuze and Guattari), the empirical examples and paintings to work in rhizomatic ways, attention is drawn to how different action forces may negotiate influence. The empirical examples are constructed based on several conversations with pre-school teachers and students in Early childhood studies. In addition extracts from two field notes are used.The four research articles examine various action forces at work in educational practices and show how it is possible to attribute agency and influence to such action forces. The thesis suggests a shift from regarding participation as a vertical distribution of goods or privileges (from adults to children) to a more horizontal understanding that opens up to a focus on different negotiations (how they work and how strong they appear to be) between different action forces (human, material and discursive). This shift in approach challenges the habitual idea/ideal of pedagogical control and actualizes new questions related to ethics in pedagogical practices.

Female Citizenship in the Middle East: Comparing family law reform in Morocco, Egypt, Syria and Lebanon

Abstract: This article explores the relationship between type of court system, parliamentary reform, and expanded female citizenship in four Arab states between 1990 and 2010. I argue that female citizens have acquired wider civil rights through parliament in relatively homogenous states with unitary court systems than in multireligious states with dual court systems. In Egypt and Morocco, unitary courts curbed clerical judicial authority over family law and weakened the resilience of conservative religious authorities. In these states, renewed pressures for reform after 1990 yielded strengthened female civil rights. In Syria and Lebanon, dual courts safeguard the judicial autonomy of clerics and enable them to resist pressures for family law reform more forcefully. In these states, little changed because the interests of political and religious authorities converge in ways that bolster group-based citizenship and constrain the civil rights of female citizens.

Possibilities, Challenges and the State of the Art of Automatic Speech Recognition in Air Traffic Control

Abstract: Over the past few years, a lot of research has been conducted to bring Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) into various areas of Air Traffic Control (ATC), such as air traffic control simulation and training, monitoring live operators for with the aim of safety improvements, air traffic controller workload measurement and conducting analysis on large quantities controller-pilot speech. Due to the high accuracy requirements of the ATC context and its unique challenges, automatic speech recognition has not been widely adopted in this field. With the aim of providing a good starting point for researchers who are interested bringing automatic speech recognition into ATC, this paper gives an overview of possibilities and challenges of applying automatic speech recognition in air traffic control. To provide this overview, we present an updated literature review of speech recognition technologies in general, as well as specific approaches relevant to the ATC context. Based on this literature review, criteria for selecting speech recognition approaches for the ATC domain are presented, and remaining challenges and possible solutions are discussed. Keywords—Automatic Speech Recognition, ASR, Air Traffic Control, ATC.

Salinity Gradient Energy from Expansion and Contraction of Poly (allylamine hydrochloride) Hydrogels

Abstract: Salinity gradients exhibit a great potential for production of renewable energy. Several techniques such as pressure-retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis have been employed to extract this energy. Unfortunately, these techniques are restricted by the high costs of membranes and problems with membrane fouling. However, the expansion and contraction of hydrogels can be a new and cheaper way to harvest energy from salinity gradients since the hydrogels swell in freshwater and shrink in saltwater. We have examined the effect of cross-linker concentration and different external loads on the energy recovered for this type of energy-producing systems. Poly(allylamine hydrochloride) hydrogels were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to produce hydrogels with excellent expansion and contraction properties. Increasing the cross-linker concentration markedly improved the energy that could be recovered from the hydrogels, especially at high external loads. A swollen hydrogel of 60 g could recover more than 1800 ...

Digital Twin for Cybersecurity Incident Prediction: A Multivocal Literature Review

Abstract: The advancements in the field of internet of things, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics has laid the path to the evolution of digital twin technology. The digital twin is a high-fidelity digital model of a physical system or asset that can be used e.g. to optimize operations and predict faults of the physical system. To understand different use cases of digital twin and its potential for cybersecurity incident prediction, we have performed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). In this paper, we summarize the definition of digital twin and state-of-the-art on the development of digital twin including reported work on the usability of a digital twin for cybersecurity. Existing tools and technologies for developing digital twin is discussed.