The Hertz Corporation

About: The Hertz Corporation is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Soil water. The organization has 9562 authors who have published 11044 publications receiving 447929 citations. The organization is also known as: Hertz Rental Car & Hertz Rent-a-Car.

Graphene-based, mid-infrared, room-temperature pyroelectric bolometers with ultrahigh temperature coefficient of resistance

Abstract: There is a growing number of applications demanding highly sensitive photodetectors in the mid-infrared. Thermal photodetectors, such as bolometers, have emerged as the technology of choice, because they do not need cooling. The performance of a bolometer is linked to its temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR, ∼2–4% K−1 for state-of-the-art materials). Graphene is ideally suited for optoelectronic applications, with a variety of reported photodetectors ranging from visible to THz frequencies. For the mid-infrared, graphene-based detectors with TCRs ∼4–11% K−1 have been demonstrated. Here we present an uncooled, mid-infrared photodetector, where the pyroelectric response of a LiNbO3 crystal is transduced with high gain (up to 200) into resistivity modulation for graphene. This is achieved by fabricating a floating metallic structure that concentrates the pyroelectric charge on the top-gate capacitor of the graphene channel, leading to TCRs up to 900% K−1, and the ability to resolve temperature variations down to 15 μK. There is emerging interest in photodetectors in the mid-infrared driven by increasing need to monitor the environment for security and healthcare purposes. Sassiet al. show a thermal photodetector, based on the coupling between graphene and a pyroelectric crystal, which shows high temperature sensitivity.

An evaluation of the substrate-induced respiration method

Abstract: Two ways of measuring substrate-induced respiration (SIR) following addition of glucose to soil, viz. solid glucose or glucose in solution, were tested on 13 soils sampled from arable, grassland and woodland sites ranging from pH 3.2 to 7.5. Generally similar patterns of CO2 evolution were found between soils following addition of glucose as liquid or solid (r=0.93) for unamended, ryegrass-amended and fumigated soils. Glucose added in solution to adjust the soils to 1.2-fold WHC was therefore preferred for analytical convenience. The optimum time of CO2 measurement was between 0.5 and 2.5 h for routine use. It was found to be unnecessary to make any correction for CO2 dissolved in the soil solution for soils below pH 6.5. Maximum inhibition of bacterial respiration was obtained at 4 to 8 mg added streptomycin and of fungal respiration at 8–12 mg added cyclohexamide g−1 soil. In a grassland soil (24% clay) the bacteria comprised 19±4.2% and the fungi 82±4.0% of the total biomass and in a grass ley (8% clay) the proportions were 25±1.2% for bacteria and 76±4.5% for fungal biomass.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Ropinirole

Abstract: Ropinirole is a selective non-ergoline dopamine D2 receptor agonist indicated for use in treating Parkinson’s disease. When taken as oral tablets, ropinirole is rapidly and almost completely absorbed, and it is extensively distributed from the vascular compartment. The bioavailability is approximately 50%. Ropinirole shows low plasma protein binding. The drug is inactivated by metabolism in the liver, and none of the major circulating metabolites have pharmacological activity. The principal metabolic enzyme is the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzyme CYP1A2. Ropinirole shows approximately linear pharmacokinetics when given as single or repeated doses, and is eliminated with a half-life of approximately 6 hours. Population pharmacokinetics have demonstrated that gender, mild or moderate renal impairment, Parkinson’s disease stage and concomitant illnesses or the use of several common concomitant medications have no effect on the pharmacokinetics of ropinirole. Clearance is slower for patients older than 65 years compared with those who are younger, and in women taking hormone replacement therapy compared with those who are not. The CYP1A2 inhibitor ciprofloxacin produced increases in the plasma concentrations of ropinirole when these 2 drugs were coadministered, but no interaction was seen with theophylline which, like ropinirole, is also a substrate for CYP1A2. There is no obvious plasma concentration-effect relationship for ropinirole.