Showing papers by "University of Cagliari published in 1987"
TL;DR: The present results suggest that the PVN is the brain area where D2 DA agonists act to induce penile erection and yawning in rats, and for the first time a possible involvement of the incerto-hypothalamic DA system in the expression of penile erections and yawns is suggested.
228 citations
TL;DR: The relationship between the postnatal development of dopaminergic (DAergic) nerve endings and the maturation of D1 DA receptors in the rat striatum was analyzed by measuring the content of DA and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), two biochemical markers of DAergic nerve terminal proliferation, and the ontogenetic changes in [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites.
178 citations
TL;DR: Pairing of haloperidol to both environments abolished the morphine- and amphetamine-induced place preference and induced strong place preference when paired to the non-preferred environments.
167 citations
TL;DR: The results confirm the previous observations showing that the PVN has a crucial role in the expression of yawning and penile erection induced by dopamino-mimetic drugs and oxytocin, and suggest that ACTH-derived peptides induce the above responses by a mechanism not involving PVN hypothalamic dopamine or Oxytocin.
153 citations
TL;DR: Plasma somatomedin‐C (SM‐C) levels were significantly higher in obese than control children, and were negatively correlated with the peak plasma GH levels, implying that it may be due to the feedback inhibition operated by the elevated plasma levels of SM‐C.
Abstract: We have evaluated the plasma GH response to a single injection of 1 microgram/kg of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH)-40 in 15 obese children and 15 age-matched control children. Most of the obese children showed a subnormal plasma GH response to GHRH and the mean plasma GH integrated area (IC-GH) following stimulation was significantly smaller in obese than control children. Plasma somatomedin-C (SM-C) levels were significantly higher in obese than control children, and were negatively correlated with the peak plasma GH levels (r = -0.616, P less than 0.01) and the IC-GH (r = -0.554, P less than 0.02) after GHRH. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and fasting plasma insulin levels were also elevated in obese children, but did not correlate with the extent of plasma GH response to GHRH. These data confirm previous observations on the refractoriness of obese children to release GH after GHRH, and imply that it may be due to the feedback inhibition operated by the elevated plasma levels of SM-C.
152 citations
TL;DR: The hypothesis that stimulation of D-1 receptors exerts a permissive role for the expression of behavioral stimulation following D-2 receptor stimulation is supported, as well as the ability of apomorphine to induce stereotypies in alpha-MT pretreated rats.
117 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that apomorphine, but not ACTH-(1-24), induce penile erection and yawning by releasing oxytocin in some brain area by being antagonized in a dose-dependent manner.
107 citations
TL;DR: Low doses of BHT 920, LY 171555 and (+)3PPP, three dopamine agonists selective for D-2 receptors, induced yawning in rats, and the data are consistent with the possibility that stimulation of D-1 receptors by endogenous DA plays a permissive-facilitatory role for the behavioural expression ofD-2 receptor activation.
96 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that the sensitization to the behavioural expression of supersensitivity for a given DA-receptor type follows not only priming with agonists for the same DA- receptor type (homologous sensitization) but also primed with agonist for a different DA-magnifying type (heterologously sensitization).
96 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Results show for the first time that benzodiazepines may elicit paradoxical behavioural response in autistic children and the possible involvement of an altered function at the level of GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex is discussed.
Abstract: Administration of diazepam (10 mg i.m.) to seven children (two girls and five boys) affected by infantile autism elicited paradoxical behavioural responses. Mainly, anxiogenic effect, unsocialized aggressive behaviour and explosive aggression were dramatically increased in comparison with the same symptoms present before and after treatment. The results show for the first time that benzodiazepines may elicit paradoxical behavioural response in autistic children. The possible involvement of an altered function at the level of GABA/benzodiazepine receptor complex is discussed.
88 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that the seasonal distribution of subacute thyroiditis is almost superimposable to that of established infections due to some enteroviruses (Echovirus, Coxsackie A and B viruses), suggesting that summer enterovirus infections may be responsible for a large proportion of cases.
Abstract: Eighty consecutive patients with typical subacute thyroiditis were evaluated. Sex distribution showed a higher incidence in females (F/M 3.2/1), with a mean age of 44 yr. In the majority of patients (51/80 = 66%) the onset of the disease was between June and September (46% in July and August). The remaining cases were distributed in the other months without a clear monthly prevalence. These results indicate that the seasonal distribution of subacute thyroiditis is almost superimposable to that of established infections due to some enteroviruses (Echovirus, Coxsackie A and B viruses), suggesting that summer enterovirus infections may be responsible for a large proportion of cases of subacute thyroiditis.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results indicate that, unlike compensatory cell proliferation induced by partial hepatectomy or CCl4, the mitogen-induced cell proliferation did not result in a significant number of enzyme-altered islands, despite the fact that the extent of cell proliferation at the time of carcinogen administration, as monitored by the examination of labeled cells, is similar with both types of proliferative stimuli.
Abstract: Experiments were designed to determine whether liver cell proliferation induced by direct mitogens is as effective as compensatory cell proliferation consequent to previous cell loss, in supporting the growth of enzyme-altered islands in the liver induced by chemical carcinogens Male Wistar rats were given injections of a single nonnecrogenic dose of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea or benzo(a)pyrene during the S phase following the administration of four different liver mitogens, namely, lead nitrate, ethylene dibromide, nafenopin, and cyproterone acetate, or during compensatory cell proliferation following partial hepatectomy or a necrogenic dose of CCl4 The carcinogen-altered hepatocytes were monitored as γ-glutamyltransferase- or placental glutathione S-transferase-positive foci using a 2-wk promoting regimen consisting of 003% 2-acetylaminofluorene coupled with a necrogenic dose of CCl4 The results indicate that, unlike compensatory cell proliferation induced by partial hepatectomy or CCl4, the mitogen-induced cell proliferation did not result in a significant number of enzyme-altered islands, despite the fact that the extent of cell proliferation at the time of carcinogen administration, as monitored by the examination of labeled cells, is similar with both types of proliferative stimuli
TL;DR: Dopamine-sensitive adenylate cyclase and 3H-SCH 23390 binding parameters were measured in the rat substantia nigra and striatum 15 days after the injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the medial forebrain bundle and indicate that within the substantia Nigra a fraction of D-1 dopamine receptors coupled to theAdenylATE cyclase is located on cell bodies and/or dendrites of dopaminergic neurons.
TL;DR: In this paper, the saturation indices of water with some silicates in the local rock matrix were used to estimate the temperature of typical thermal systems in Sardinia, and the results showed that the applied methodology appeared to give more reliable reservoir temperature values than those given by the empirical geothermometers.
TL;DR: Serum or liver markers of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection were found in 20 of 22 Italian patients presenting with an ostensible type B hepatitis that ran an accelerated course to cirrhosis, conformed to a syndrome of HDV infection in young males carrying the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
TL;DR: The results indicate that D-1 receptors control the release of DA, probably through stimulation of the firing of the neurons in rats implanted with transcerebral dialysis fibers.
TL;DR: The data suggest that hyperactivity of the opioid and dopamine systems (specifically mediated through D1 receptors) is involved in such behaviour.
TL;DR: The decrease in the density of D-1 DA receptors in senescent rats may underlie some of the age-related alterations in dopaminergic functions in the rat brain.
TL;DR: The results suggest that dopamine is the essential mediator of opiate hypermotility and indicate that D-1 receptors play an important role in this effect.
Abstract: Administration of morphine HCl (20 mg/kg SC) to male C57B1/6 mice evoked hypermotility. Pretreatment with low doses of the specific D-1 antagonist SCH 23390 (0.006, 0.012, 0.025 mg/kg SC) dose-dependently inhibited morphine-evoked hypermotility. The results suggest that dopamine is the essential mediator of opiate hypermotility and indicate that D-1 receptors play an important role in this effect.
TL;DR: The results suggest that anxiolytic beta-carbolines, like benzodiazepines, increase the GABAergic transmission, and acute and chronic anxiogenic beta-carboline administration, like stress, decreases GABAergic Transmission.
TL;DR: The results suggest that DA receptors mediating the yawning response are of the D2 type, and that these receptors are connected with D1 receptors in such a way that the blockade of the latter results in the functional inactivation of the former.
Abstract: The subtype of dopamine (DA) receptors mediating the yawning response to DA agonists was determined in rats. Yawning was elicited both by the mixed D1–D2 agonist apomorphine and by the specific D2 agonist LY 171555, but not by the selective D1 agonist SKF 38393. Both apomorphine- and LY 171555-induced yawning were antagonized not only by the selective D2 antagonist sulpiride but, unexpectedly, also by the selective D1 antagonist SCH 23390. The results suggest that DA receptors mediating the yawning response are of the D2 type, and that these receptors are connected with D1 receptors in such a way that the blockade of the latter results in the functional inactivation of the former.
TL;DR: A high height standard deviation score and low growth velocity before treatment were predictive of a good growth response to clonidine and may be a useful form of therapy for children with constitutional growth delay.
TL;DR: The results indicate that the behavioural expression of D-1 receptor supersensitivity following lesion of dopaminergic neurons depends on previous exposure to a stimulation of D.2 receptors.
TL;DR: Compared the acceptance rate of fetal diagnosis for β‐thalassemia in three group of couples of Sardinian descent, results indicate that in this population, introduction of 1st trimester diagnosis made prenatal testing acceptable to practically all counselled couples at risk.
Abstract: In this paper, we compared the acceptance rate of fetal diagnosis for beta-thalassemia in three group of couples of Sardinian descent; the first counselled before DNA analysis was available, the second presenting after DNA analysis was introduced but too late for chorionic villus sampling and thus monitored by amniocyte DNA analysis and the third presenting within the first trimester after DNA analysis was introduced and thus in time for trophoblast DNA analysis. A higher proportion of couples from the latter group opted for fetal testing as compared to the 1st and 2nd group. These results indicate that in this population, introduction of 1st trimester diagnosis made prenatal testing acceptable to practically all counselled couples at risk.
TL;DR: Results indicate that stress decreases the function of Cl- channels coupled to the GABA/barbiturate receptor complex in handling-habituated and naive stressed rats.
TL;DR: Mesure des ecoulements primaires et secondaires dans un ventilateur centrifuge industriel incurve vers l'avant as mentioned in this paper, d'universelle.
Abstract: Mesure des ecoulements primaires et secondaires dans un ventilateur centrifuge industriel incurve vers l'avant
TL;DR: The pattern of copper distribution in human newborn liver was investigated by histochemical methods (rhodamine, orcein and rubeanic acid) and by atomic absorption spectroscopy, finding a consistent tendency of copper to accumulate in the left lobe more than in the right one.
TL;DR: Results indicate that, in the brain, the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity constitutes a mechanism by which the receptor for neuropeptide Y transduces its signal.
TL;DR: The characteristics and the effectiveness of programmes designed to prevent beta-thalassemia major present in high frequency in several areas of the world such as Cyprus, Greece and Sardinia are reviewed and resulted in a decline of thalassemias major births by 50-97%.
TL;DR: It is suggested that substance P is differently distributed in the various cortical areas of the human brain, and that the distribution of substance P may vary among species.