University of California, San Diego

About: University of California, San Diego is a education organization based out in San Diego, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 83317 authors who have published 204524 publications receiving 12315489 citations. The organization is also known as: UCSD & UC San Diego.

Effects of Exenatide (Exendin-4) on Glycemic Control Over 30 Weeks in Sulfonylurea-Treated Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract: OBJECTIVE —This study evaluated the ability of the incretin mimetic exenatide (exendin-4) to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes failing maximally effective doses of a sulfonylurea as monotherapy RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —This was a triple-blind, placebo-controlled, 30-week study conducted at 101 sites in the US After a 4-week, single-blind, placebo lead-in period, 377 subjects were randomized (60% men, age 55 ± 11 years, BMI 33 ± 6 kg/m 2 , HbA 1c 86 ± 12% [±SD]) and began 4 weeks at 5 μg subcutaneous exenatide twice daily (before breakfast and dinner; arms A and B) or placebo Subsequently, subjects in arm B were escalated to 10 μg bid exenatide All subjects continued sulfonylurea therapy RESULTS —At week 30, HbA 1c changes from baseline were −086 ± 011, −046 ± 012, and 012 ± 009% (±SE) in the 10-μg, 5-μg, and placebo arms, respectively (adjusted P 1c > 7% ( n = 237), 41% (10 μg), 33% (5 μg), and 9% (placebo) achieved HbA 1c ≤ 7% ( P P P CONCLUSIONS —Exenatide significantly reduced HbA 1c in patients with type 2 diabetes failing maximally effective doses of a sulfonylurea Exenatide was generally well tolerated and was associated with weight loss

Ibrutinib versus ofatumumab in previously treated chronic lymphoid leukemia.

Abstract: Background In patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), a short duration of response to therapy or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities are associated with a poor outcome. We evaluated the efficacy of ibrutinib, a covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, in patients at risk for a poor outcome. Methods In this multicenter, open-label, phase 3 study, we randomly assigned 391 patients with relapsed or refractory CLL or SLL to receive daily ibrutinib or the anti-CD20 antibody ofatumumab. The primary end point was the duration of progression-free survival, with the duration of overall survival and the overall response rate as secondary end points. Results At a median follow-up of 9.4 months, ibrutinib significantly improved progressionfree survival; the median duration was not reached in the ibrutinib group (with a rate of progression-free survival of 88% at 6 months), as compared with a median of 8.1 months in the ofatumumab group (hazard ratio for progression or death in the ibrutinib group, 0.22; P<0.001). Ibrutinib also significantly improved overall survival (hazard ratio for death, 0.43; P = 0.005). At 12 months, the overall survival rate was 90% in the ibrutinib group and 81% in the ofatumumab group. The overall response rate was significantly higher in the ibrutinib group than in the ofatumumab group (42.6% vs. 4.1%, P<0.001). An additional 20% of ibrutinib-treated patients had a partial response with lymphocytosis. Similar effects were observed regardless of whether patients had a chromosome 17p13.1 deletion or resistance to purine analogues. The most frequent nonhematologic adverse events were diarrhea, fatigue, pyrexia, and nausea in the ibrutinib group and fatigue, infusion-related reactions, and cough in the ofatumumab group. Conclusions Ibrutinib, as compared with ofatumumab, significantly improved progression-free survival, overall survival, and response rate among patients with previously treated CLL or SLL. (Funded by Pharmacyclics and Janssen; RESONATE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01578707.)