Institution
University of California, San Francisco
Education•San Francisco, California, United States•
About: University of California, San Francisco is a education organization based out in San Francisco, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Health care. The organization has 83381 authors who have published 186236 publications receiving 12068420 citations. The organization is also known as: UCSF & UC San Francisco.
Topics: Population, Health care, Cancer, Medicine, Transplantation
Papers published on a yearly basis
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University of Utah1, Veterans Health Administration2, National Institutes of Health3, University of Nebraska Medical Center4, Case Western Reserve University5, Indiana University6, New York University7, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center8, University of California, San Francisco9, Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas10, University of Alabama11, University of Pennsylvania12, University of Pittsburgh13, Virginia Mason Medical Center14, University of Arizona15, Northwestern University16, University of California, Los Angeles17
TL;DR: The GAIT trial as discussed by the authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate as a treatment for knee pain from osteoarthritis in 1583 patients.
Abstract: Background Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are used to treat osteoarthritis. The multicenter, double-blind, placebo- and celecoxib-controlled Glucosamine/chondroitin Arthritis Intervention Trial (GAIT) evaluated their efficacy and safety as a treatment for knee pain from osteoarthritis. Methods We randomly assigned 1583 patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis to receive 1500 mg of glucosamine daily, 1200 mg of chondroitin sulfate daily, both glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, 200 mg of celecoxib daily, or placebo for 24 weeks. Up to 4000 mg of acetaminophen daily was allowed as rescue analgesia. Assignment was stratified according to the severity of knee pain (mild [N=1229] vs. moderate to severe [N=354]). The primary outcome measure was a 20 percent decrease in knee pain from baseline to week 24. Results The mean age of the patients was 59 years, and 64 percent were women. Overall, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate were not significantly better than placebo in reducing knee pain by 20 perce...
1,199 citations
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TL;DR: Together, these data indicate that antitumor acquired immune programs can be usurped in protumor microenvironments and instead promote malignancy by engaging cellular components of the innate immune system functionally involved in regulating epithelial cell behavior.
1,199 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated whether intensive-dose statin therapy is associated with increased risk of new-onset diabetes compared with moderate-dose stochastic insulin this paper.
Abstract: Context A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that statin therapy is associated with excess risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Objective To investigate whether intensive-dose statin therapy is associated with increased risk of new-onset diabetes compared with moderate-dose statin therapy. Data Sources We identified relevant trials in a literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (January 1, 1996, through March 31, 2011). Unpublished data were obtained from investigators. Study Selection We included randomized controlled end-point trials that compared intensive-dose statin therapy with moderate-dose statin therapy and included more than 1000 participants who were followed up for more than 1 year. Data Extraction Tabular data provided for each trial described baseline characteristics and numbers of participants developing diabetes and experiencing major cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke, coronary revascularization). We calculated trial-specific odds ratios (ORs) for new-onset diabetes and major cardiovascular events and combined these using random-effects model meta-analysis. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 statistic. Results In 5 statin trials with 32 752 participants without diabetes at baseline, 2749 developed diabetes (1449 assigned intensive-dose therapy, 1300 assigned moderate-dose therapy, representing 2.0 additional cases in the intensive-dose group per 1000 patient-years) and 6684 experienced cardiovascular events (3134 and 3550, respectively, representing 6.5 fewer cases in the intensive-dose group per 1000 patient-years) over a weighted mean (SD) follow-up of 4.9 (1.9) years. Odds ratios were 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.22; I 2 = 0%) for new-onset diabetes and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.75-0.94; I 2 = 74%) for cardiovascular events for participants receiving intensive therapy compared with moderate-dose therapy. As compared with moderate-dose statin therapy, the number needed to harm per year for intensive-dose statin therapy was 498 for new-onset diabetes while the number needed to treat per year for intensive-dose statin therapy was 155 for cardiovascular events. Conclusion In a pooled analysis of data from 5 statin trials, intensive-dose statin therapy was associated with an increased risk of new-onset diabetes compared with moderate-dose statin therapy.
1,199 citations
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TL;DR: Lower muscle mass (smaller cross-sectional thigh muscle area), greater fat infiltration into the muscle, and lower knee extensor muscle strength are associated with increased risk of mobility loss in older men and women.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lower muscle mass has been correlated with poor physical function; however, no studies have examined this relationship prospectively. This study aims to investigate whether low muscle mass, low muscle strength, and greater fat infiltration into the muscle predict incident mobility limitation. METHODS: Our study cohort included 3075 well-functioning black and white men and women aged 70-79 years participating in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study. Participants were followed for 2.5 years. Muscle cross-sectional area and muscle tissue attenuation (a measure of fat infiltration) were measured by computed tomography at the mid-thigh, and knee extensor strength by using a KinCom dynamometer. Incident mobility limitation was defined as two consecutive self-reports of any difficulty walking one-quarter mile or climbing 10 steps. RESULTS: Mobility limitations were developed by 22.3% of the men and by 31.8% of the women. Cox's proportional hazards models, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and health factors, showed a hazard ratio of 1.90 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-2.84] in men and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.23-2.31) in women for the lowest compared to the highest quartile of muscle area (p <.01 for trend). Results for muscle strength were 2.02 (95% CI, 1.39-2.94) and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.41-2.58), p <.001 trend, and for muscle attenuation were 1.91 (95% CI, 1.31-2.83) and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.20-2.35), p <.01 for trend. When included in one model, only muscle attenuation and muscle strength independently predicted mobility limitation (p < .05). Among men and women, associations were similar for blacks and whites. CONCLUSION: Lower muscle mass (smaller cross-sectional thigh muscle area), greater fat infiltration into the muscle, and lower knee extensor muscle strength are associated with increased risk of mobility loss in older men and women. The association between low muscle mass and functional decline seems to be a function of underlying muscle strength.
1,199 citations
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University of California, San Francisco1, University of British Columbia2, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University3, Queen Mary University of London4, University of Düsseldorf5, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai6, University of Barcelona7, Autonomous University of Barcelona8, Medical University of Łódź9, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston10, University Hospital of Basel11, McGill University12, Hoffmann-La Roche13, Genentech14, University of Basel15
TL;DR: Among patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis, ocrelizumab was associated with lower rates of disease activity and progression than interferon beta‐1a over a period of 96 weeks.
Abstract: BackgroundB cells influence the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. Ocrelizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that selectively depletes CD20+ B cells. MethodsIn two identical phase 3 trials, we randomly assigned 821 and 835 patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis to receive intravenous ocrelizumab at a dose of 600 mg every 24 weeks or subcutaneous interferon beta-1a at a dose of 44 μg three times weekly for 96 weeks. The primary end point was the annualized relapse rate. ResultsThe annualized relapse rate was lower with ocrelizumab than with interferon beta-1a in trial 1 (0.16 vs. 0.29; 46% lower rate with ocrelizumab; P<0.001) and in trial 2 (0.16 vs. 0.29; 47% lower rate; P<0.001). In prespecified pooled analyses, the percentage of patients with disability progression confirmed at 12 weeks was significantly lower with ocrelizumab than with interferon beta-1a (9.1% vs. 13.6%; hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45 to 0.81; P<0.001), as was the percentage of patients with disabilit...
1,198 citations
Authors
Showing all 84066 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
Gordon H. Guyatt | 231 | 1620 | 228631 |
Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Fred H. Gage | 216 | 967 | 185732 |
Robert J. Lefkowitz | 214 | 860 | 147995 |
Peter Libby | 211 | 932 | 182724 |
Edward Giovannucci | 206 | 1671 | 179875 |
Rob Knight | 201 | 1061 | 253207 |
Irving L. Weissman | 201 | 1141 | 172504 |
Eugene V. Koonin | 199 | 1063 | 175111 |
Peter J. Barnes | 194 | 1530 | 166618 |
Virginia M.-Y. Lee | 194 | 993 | 148820 |
Gordon B. Mills | 187 | 1273 | 186451 |