University of Lleida

About: University of Lleida is a education organization based out in Lleida, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Pregnancy. The organization has 2939 authors who have published 5853 publications receiving 148417 citations. The organization is also known as: Escola Superior Politècnica & Universitat de Lleida.

Nanoemulsions as edible coatings

Abstract: Edible coatings are used to preserve food quality but may serve to immobilize active ingredients on the food surface. Nanoemulsions are effective systems for encapsulating lipophilic active ingredients since the reduction of droplet size increases their solubility, stability and may enhance their biological activity. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the most important aspects in designing food nanoemulsions for active substances delivery and the recent advances in their application as edible coatings. Up to date, research studies confirm that nanoemulsion-based edible coatings can enhance the transport of antimicrobial substances to solid foods extending their shelf life. However, future studies should be oriented to assess the impact of nanoemulsions on the organoleptic properties of coated foods and their potential toxicity.

Low-Carbohydrate Diet for the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract: It is clearly assumed that the first step on the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is medical nutrition therapy (MNT) and that carbohydrates (CHO) are the cornerstone due to their impact onto glycaemia. However, it is not clear the optimal dietary method to control them. On the basis that all pregnant women need a minimum of 175 g of CHO per day, low-CHO diets have been the traditional approach for GDM treatment, as they have demonstrated to be safe. Nevertheless, in global they have shown no advantages compared with higher CHO diets. In this chapter, we will review the literature surrounding low-CHO diets for GDM and we will show that, despite this lack of enough data, most guidelines across the world recommend this MNT. Finally, we concluded that more high-quality research is needed to elucidate what amount of CHO is the best option for pregnant women with GDM and that the glycaemic load could be taken into account.

Potential of a new strain of Bacillus subtilis CPA-8 to control the major postharvest diseases of fruit

Abstract: Biocontrol potential of Bacillus subtilis strain CPA-8 was tested against the main postharvest diseases of orange, apple and stone fruit. Previously, CPA-8 growth was characterized and its antifungal activity in vitro determined against Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia laxa, M. fructicola, Penicillium digitatum, P. expansum, and P. italicum. In vivo activity against these pathogens was tested by treating fruits with cells, endospores or cell free supernatants. CPA-8 treatments cannot control decay caused by P. digitatum and P. italicum on oranges. The higher concentrations of CPA-8 studied were effective in controlling B. cinerea on apple, showing grey mold incidence from 70 to 12.5% in comparison with 100% in the control. However, in general, CPA-8 treatments were not effective in controlling P. expansum. The best results of CPA-8 treatments were obtained in stone fruit against M. laxa and M. fructicola where most treatments resulted in brown rot incidence of 0% compared with 70 and 90% in the control. Based ...

International Assessment of DSM-5 and ICD-11 Personality Disorder Traits: Toward a Common Nosology in DSM-5.1

Abstract: Introduction The DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) and the ICD-11 classification of personality disorders (PD) are largely commensurate and, when combined, they delineate 6 trait domains: negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism/dissociality, disinhibition, anankastia, and psychoticism. Objective The present study evaluated the international validity of a brief 36-item patient-report measure that portrays all 6 domains simultaneously including 18 primary subfacets. Methods We developed and employed a modified version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 - Brief Form Plus (PID5BF+). A total of 16,327 individuals were included, 2,347 of whom were patients. The expected 6-factor structure of facets was initially investigated in samples from Denmark (n = 584), Germany (n = 1,271), and the USA (n = 605) and subsequently replicated in both patient- and community samples from Italy, France, Switzerland, Belgium, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Poland, Czech Republic, the USA, and Brazil. Associations with interview-rated DSM-5 PD categories were also investigated. Results Findings generally supported the empirical soundness and international robustness of the 6 domains including meaningful associations with familiar interview-rated PD types. Conclusions The modified PID5BF+ may be employed internationally by clinicians and researchers for brief and reliable assessment of the 6 combined DSM-5 and ICD-11 domains, including 18 primary subfacets. This 6-domain framework may inform a future nosology for DSM-5.1 that is more reasonably aligned with the authoritative ICD-11 codes than the current DSM-5 AMPD model. The 36-item modified PID5BF+ scoring key is provided in online supplementary Appendix A see www.karger.com/doi/10.1159/000507589 (for all online suppl. material).