Showing papers by "University of Rajasthan published in 1979"

Vitamin C deficiency in Channa punctatus Bloch

Abstract: The results of a series of experiments on Channa punctatus previously conditioned to a complete synthetic diet and later fed vitamin C deficient diet for 210 days followed by 30 days of recovery with fortified vitamin C ration are reported. The survival, growth, morphological abnormalities and biochemical changes in tissue ascorbic acid and cholesterol levels were studied. Deficiency of vitamin C resulted in a mortality of up to 25% and retarded growth accompanied by anorexia and loss of weight. Marked skeletal abnormalities, viz., lordosis, scoliosis and degenerative changes in the thoracic vertebrae were revealed by X-ray studies. Biochemical investigations showed a significant decrease in blood and kidney ascorbic acid levels within a month of feeding the deficient diet. A prolonged deficiency beyond 150 days resulted in a rapid rise in the cholesterol content of the liver. These biochemical changes were reversed when vitamin C was added to the ration.

Cell types in the peripheral blood of an air-breathing fish Channa punctatus

Abstract: Different cell types found in the peripheral blood of Channa punctatus, an air-breathing freshwater fish have been characterized and identified using morphological, morphometric, cytochemical and autoradiographic techniques. Some of the cytochemical methods used, particularly that of differential staining of haemoglobin have been developed and used for the first time in fishes.

The physiological response of fishes to a deficiency of cyanocobalamin and folic acid

Abstract: Environmental adaptive response of fishes to the nutritional deficiencies of two important vitamins of the B-group viz. cyanocobalamin and folacin has been investigated using growth, haematology and haemopoiesis as physiological indices. Extended studies lasting 105 days revealed a consistent decrease in growth or even loss of weight when cyanocobalamin and folacin were absent from the diet. The combined deficiency of these two vitamins had an additive rather than synergistic effect on growth. The feed conversion values of all the deficient groups were significantly low as compared to the control. Haematologically the occurrence of anaemia and leucocytosis were recorded in all the deficient groups, the former mainly of megaloblastic type. Differential WBC counts revealed that leucocytosis was mainly due to an increase in thrombocyte population and cosinophils. On the other hand, there was an relative decrease of other nongranulocytes and granulocytes. Erythro-poietic investigations revealed a decreased proliferation rate of the reticuloendothelial cells and an increased number of young and mature reticulocytes and immature erythrocytes into the peripheral blood.

Galapagos Hydrothermal Mounds : Stratigraphy and Chemistry Revealed by Deep-Sea Drilling

Abstract: The Galapagos mounds sea-floor hydrothermal system is at least 300,000 years old and once produced manganese-poor sediments, which nearly blanketed the area of the present mounds field. Present-day mound deposits are limited manganese-rich exposures, suggesting that the system has changed from rock-to water-dominated and has diminished in intensity with time.

Schiff base derivatives of lanthanons-synthesis of La(III), Pr(III) and Nd(III) derivatives of β-ketoimines derived from 2,4-pentanedione

Abstract: Reactions of the isopropoxides of some of the lighter lanthanons with bidentate β-ketoimines, such asAAH-n-C4H9 andAAH-C6H5 (donor system: N,OH) and tridentate β-ketoimines such asAA(CH2CH2)H2 andAA(CH2CHCH3)H2 (donor system: HO,N.OH) have led to products of the typesLn(O-i-C3H7)3n (AA-R) n ,Ln(Oi-C3H7) (AAR') andLn 2(AAR')3 [Ln=La(III), Pr(III) or Nd(III);n=1 or 2;R=-n-C4H9 or-C6H5 andR'=-CH2CH2-or-CH2CHCH3-]. Some undergo exchange reactions with an excess oftert-butanol, leading to the corresponding complexesLn(O-tert-C4H9)3n (AA-n-C4H9) n andLn(O-tert-C4H9) (AA-CH2CH2). All these have been characterised by elemental analysis, molecular weight determinations and their ir spectra. A thermogravimetric analysis of the diisopropoxy derivatives has also been carried out.

Seasonal variations in the blood constituents of an air-breathing fish, Channa punctatus Bloch

Abstract: A year long study based on monthly observations on the haematology of female Channa punctatus with respect to haemoglobin, haematocrit values, total erythrocyte and leucocyte numbers together with a differential enumeration of various leucocytes viz. thrombocytes small and large lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils is recorded. The study showed that the total erythrocytic number, haemoglobin and haematocrit values decrease during the breeding time i.e. July to September. The thrombocyte number significantly increased while the neutrophilic number showed a decrease. The physiological significance of these changes is discussed with reference to the available literature.

Studies on Some Azomethine Derivatives of Titanium(IV)

Abstract: Synthesis and characterization of some new titanium(IV) complexes of Schiff bases have been described. These have been obtained by the reactions of titanium isopropoxide with dibasic tridentate Schiff bases derived by the condensation of 2,4-pentanedione, o-hydroxyacetophenone, salicylaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde with 3-hydroxy-1-propyl and 1-hydroxy-2-butylamines in 1:1 and 1:2 stcichiometry in the medium of anhydrous benzene. The isopropoxy groups of the diisopropoxy titanium Schiff base derivatives have been found to undergo replacement reactions with 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol and the resulting complexes are hydrolytically stable. Suitable structures based on IR, UV, PMR and mass spectral studies have been indicated for these new derivatives.

Aquatic weed control versus utilisation

Abstract: During recent years a large number of articles have appeared in scientific periodicals, magazines and newspapers emphasizing the need for utilisation of various aquatic weeds, especially water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) (Boyd, 1970; Sharma, 1971; Rogers and Davis, 1972; Little, 1968; Bagnall et al, 1973; Varshney and Rzoska, 1976) The multiplicity of the publications and the interest in the subject is highlighted by the appearance of three papers in a single issue of Economic Botany (Boyd, 1976; Bates and Hentges, 1976; Wooten and Dodd, 1976) One of the latest publications is the report of the US National Academy of Sciences entitled Making Aquatic Weeds Useful: Some Perspectives for Developing Countries (Anonymous, 1976) A reading of these accounts makes one feel that man has discovered new resources which may substitute hitherto known materials for such valuable needs as proteins for man, feed for animals, pulp for paper and above all fuel (as biogas) There is hardly any need that cannot be fulfilled by using aquatic weeds in place of traditional materials! This communication intends to record our views and serious reservations against the plea for utilisation of aquatic weeds on the basis of available literature and our own studies We do not intend to review the whole literature but only to survey briefly to develop our viewpoint

Synthesis of Some Ketimine Derivatives of Silicon(IV)

Abstract: Synthese einiger Ketiminderivate des vierwertigen Siliciums A brief survey of the literature revealed that so far very few silicon Schiff base complexes have been reported [1, 2]. Although, the reactions of metal alkoxides of a number of metals of III, IV, V and VI groups of the periodic table with Schiff bases have been found to be facile and straight forward, the reactions of alkoxy silanes with azomethines as well as other nitrogen donor ligands have been reported to be quite slow [3]. However, silicon tetraacetate has been found to be a suitable starting material for such reactions and this has been used in the present studies as well. In previous communications from these laboratories, the reactions with bifunctional tridentate or tetradentate Schiff bases have been reported [4, 5]. The present paper describes the synthesis and properties of silicon complexes with monofunctional bidentate Schiff bases of the type 1.

Regeneration induced in the forelimbs by treatment with vitamin A in the froglets of Rana breviceps

Abstract: Young froglets ofRana breviceps do not possess the power to regenerate forelimbs after amputation through metacarpals. However, 5 min immersion of limb stumps in an oily solution of 150,000 IU vitamin A palmitate immediately after amputation, and once on each of the 3 subsequent days, induced definite though hypomorphic regeneration in 100% cases.

Effect of the digenean Isoparorchis hypselobagri (Billet, 1898) on an airbreathing fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) with particular reference to biochemical and haematological changes

Abstract: . Morphological, behavioural and haematological changes in Channa punctatus caused by infection with the digenean Isoparorchis hypselobagri are reported. Morphological changes include partial necrosis of fin tissue, scale loss (particularly along the opercula and caudal peduncle) and loss of pigmentation, together with considerable damage to the viscera, especially the gonads, and the abdominal muscles. Behavioural changes include partial or complete loss of equilibrium, irritability and convulsions. Haematological changes observed were a significant decrease in haemoglobin and haematocrit values resulting in hypochromicmacrocytic and normochromicnormocytic anaemia together with an increase in total leucocyte number. Significant decreases in blood glucose level and liver glycogen content were also observed. Some of the changes could be partially compensated by providing a bigger food ration. Compensatory effects were observed for haemoglobin and haematocrit values and leucocyte number. However, an increase in diet could not arrest the significant decrease in blood glucose level and liver glycogen content. The possible effects of parasitism on the utilization and productivity of C. punctatus are discussed.

Mixed ligand complexes involving ligands of biological importance [Cu(II)-1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2′-bipyridyl-α-amino acids]

Abstract: The formation of mixed ligand complexes of Cu(II) with 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2′-bipyridyl in presence of an α-amino acid (glycine, alanine, phenylalanine or norleucine) have been studied by the pH-metric method. The pH-titrations of the reaction mixtures in equimolar concentrations have shown the simultaneous addition of the ligands resulting 1∶1∶1 ternary complex formation. The equilibrium and formation constants of the resulting ternary complexes have been calculated (30±1 °C; μ=0.1 KNO3). The order of stability in terms of the secondary ligands has been found to be:Phe > Ala > Gly > Norleu.

Autoradiography and differential hemoglobin staining as aids to the study of fish hematology

Abstract: The confused state of the existing knowledge regarding the cell types in peripheral blood and hematopoiesis of fishes has been highlighted. Inadequacies of techniques presently used have been pointed out and the advantages of using Graham-Knoll's method for haemoglobin staining when counter stained with Giemsa together with autoradiography using tritiated thymidine have been demonstrated.

Boron Derivatives of Benzaldimines and Salicylaldimines

Abstract: Reactions of equimolar amounts of unsymmetrical monoisopropoxyboranes with N-substituted benzaldimines and salicylaldimines have been carried out in benzene as solvent. Most of the resulting benzaldimine derivatives are distillable liquids, whereas those of salicyl-aldimines are solids and appear to be resistant to hydrolysis. All of these have been characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H NMR and 11B NMR spectral studies and conductance measurements. Ebullioscopic determinations of molecular weights show that these compounds are monomeric.

Studies on mixed complexes of Cd(II) with propylenediamine and trimethylenediamine at the dropping mercury electrode

Abstract: Propylenediamine and trimethylenediamine have been found to form mixed complexes with Cd(II) in aqueous medium with stoichiometries 1:1:1 and 1:1:2. The overall formation constants of these mixed complexes have been evaluated usingSchaap andMcMaster's method. The tendency of the complexes (simple and mixed) to add and substitute another ligand is discussed.

Triazènes. Etude XPS. et 1H-RMN. des complexes mercuriques des diaryl-1,3-triazènes

Abstract: XPS. and 1H-NMR. spectra of 1,3-diaryltriazenes complexes of Hg(II) The core binding energies C 1s, N 1s, Hg 4f7/2, Hg 4f5/2 in 7 symmetrical p-substituted 1,3-diphenyltriazenes complexes of Hg(II) have been measured by XPS. Within the limits of experimental error (± 0.2 eV) only one N 1s signal could be detected. This indicates the equivalence of the 3 N-atoms. Invariance of C 1s, N 1s, Hg 4f7/2, Hg 4d5/2 signals with the para substituents on the phenyl ring is explained on the basis of ionic character in the Hg, N bond. These results are corroborated by the 1H-NMR. spectra.