University of Wah

About: University of Wah is a education organization based out in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Per capita income & Rhizobacteria. The organization has 258 authors who have published 466 publications receiving 4719 citations.

Melting and casting of lithium containing aluminium alloys

Abstract: The alloying of traditional aluminium with lithium metal has provided a new class of high strength aluminium alloys. These lithium containing aluminium alloys offers exceptional properties for weight critical and aerospace applications. By altering the chemistry of aluminium–lithium (Al–Li) alloys many different grades have been developed for specific needs such as damage tolerant alloys, medium strength and high strength alloys. However, regardless of their remarkable potential in aerospace applications, the Al–Li alloys could not runaway commercially analogue to traditional aluminium alloys. This article describes the processing necessities of melting and casting route of Al–Li alloys, and discusses the published work with reference to practical difficulties. The proposed methods in literature such as melting under specialised fluxes, use of lithium master alloys, vacuum or inert gas melting have been thoroughly examined. The known procedures for degassing and melt refining, casting practices, a...

Darcy-Forchheimer flows of copper and silver water nanofluids between two rotating stretchable disks

Abstract: This investigation describes the nanofluid flow in a non-Darcy porous medium between two stretching and rotating disks. A nanofluid comprises of nanoparticles of silver and copper. Water is used as a base fluid. Heat is being transferred with thermal radiation and the Joule heating. A system of ordinary differential equations is obtained by appropriate transformations. Convergent series solutions are obtained. Effects of various parameters are analyzed for the velocity and temperature. Numerical values of the skin friction coefficient and the Nusselt number are tabulated and examined. It can be seen that the radial velocity is affected in the same manner with both porous and local inertial parameters. A skin friction coefficient depicts the same impact on both disks for both nanofluids with larger stretching parameters.

Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations.

Abstract: Fusarium verticillioides is an important fungal pathogen of maize, causing stalk rot and severely affecting crop production. The aim of this study was to characterize the protective effects of formulations based on Jacaranda mimosifolia leaf extracts against F. verticillioides in maize. We compared different seed treatments comprising J. mimosifolia extracts, chemical fungicide (mefenoxam) and salicylic acid to modulate the defense system of maize host plants. Both aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of J. mimosifolia (1.2% w/v) resulted in 96-97% inhibition of mycelial growth of F. verticillioides. While a full-dose (1.2%) extract of J. mimosifolia provided significant protective effects on maize plants compared to the inoculated control, a half-dose (0.6% w/v) application of J. mimosifolia in combination with half-strength mefenoxam was the most effective treatment in reducing stalk rot disease in pot and field experiments. The same seed treatment significantly upregulated the expression of genes in the leaves encoding chitinase, glucanase, lipid transfer protein, and pathogenesis-related proteins PR-1, PR-5 and PR-10, 72 h after inoculation. This treatment also induced the activities of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, protease, acid invertase, chitinase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. We conclude that seed pre-treatment with J. mimosifolia extract with half-strength chemical mefenoxam is a promising approach for the management of stalk rot in maize.