Vattenfall

About: Vattenfall is a company organization based out in Stockholm, Sweden. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Wind power & Combustion. The organization has 685 authors who have published 857 publications receiving 18912 citations. The organization is also known as: Vattenfall AB & Kungliga Vattenfallstyrelsen.

Investigations on the possibilities of a MISiCFET sensor system for OBD and combustion control utilizing different catalytic gate materials

Abstract: Different catalytic materials, like Pt and Ir, applied as gate contacts on metal insulator silicon carbide field effect transistors—MISiCFET—facilitate the manufacture of gas sensor devices with differences in selectivity, devices which due to the chemical stability and wide band gap of SiC are suitable for high temperature applications. The combination of such devices in a sensor system, utilizing multivariate analysis/modeling, have been tested and some promising results in respect of monitoring a few typical exhaust and flue gas constituents, in the future aiming at on board diagnostics (OBD) and combustion control, have been obtained.

Denitrogenation (or Oxyfuel Concepts)

Abstract: Denitrogenation or oxyfuel combustion is ,based on separation of oxygen from nitrogen before combustion. The CO2 obtained is concentrated and easy to isolate after combustion. Oxyfuel combustion has been used in different industrial applications, although technological challenges have to be met for large scale power generation. An important area of improvement of this concept is to be found in the air separation unit, with the help of new technologies like membrane separation technologies, high temperature oxygen adsorption technologies, and improved cryogenic distillation.

Laser-induced variable pulse-power TOF-MS and neutral time-of-flight studies of ultradense deuterium

Abstract: The ultradense atomic deuterium material named D(−1) is conveniently studied by laser-induced Coulomb explosion methods. A well-defined high kinetic energy release (KER) from this material was first reported in Badiei et al (2009 Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 34 487) and a two-detector setup was used to prove the high KER and the complex fragmentation patterns in Badiei et al (2009 Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 282 70). The common KER is 630 ±30 eV, which corresponds to an interatomic distance D–D of 2.3 ±0.1 pm. In both ion and neutral time-of-flight (TOF) measurement, two similar detectors at widely different flight distances prove that atomic particles are observed. New results on neutral TOF spectra are now reported for the material D(−1). It is shown that density changes of D(−1) are coupled to similar changes in ordinary dense D(1), and it is proposed that these two forms of dense deuterium are rapidly transformed into each other. The TOF-MS signal dependence on the intensity of the laser is studied in detail. The fast deuteron intensity is independent of the laser power over a large range, which suggests that D(−1) is a superfluid with long-range efficient transport of excitation energy or particles.