Williams College

About: Williams College is a education organization based out in Williamstown, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 2257 authors who have published 5015 publications receiving 213160 citations. The organization is also known as: Williams.

Do others judge us as harshly as we think? Overestimating the impact of our failures, shortcomings, and mishaps.

Abstract: When people suffer an embarrassing blunder, social mishap, or public failure, they often feel that their image has been severely tarnished in the eyes of others. Four studies demonstrate that these fears are commonly exaggerated. Actors who imagined committing one of several social blunders (Study 1), who experienced a public intellectual failure (Studies 2 and 3), or who were described in an embarrassing way (Study 4) anticipated being judged more harshly by others than they actually were. These exaggerated fears were produced, in part, by the actors' tendency to be inordinately focused on their misfortunes and by their resulting failure to consider the wider range of situational factors that tend to moderate onlookers' impressions. Discussion focuses on additional mechanisms that may contribute to overly pessimistic expectations as well as the role of such expectations in producing unnecessary social anxiety.

Gender, marriage, and asset accumulation in the united states

Abstract: Wealth accumulation has important implications for the relative well-being of households. This article describes how household wealth in the United States varies by gender and family type. Evidence is found of large differences in observed wealth between single-female-headed households and married couples. Although some of this gap reflects differences in observable characteristics correlated with gender and wealth ‐ such as position in the life cycle, education, and family earnings ‐ controlling for these characteristics reduces but does not eliminate the estimated wealth gap. The wealth holdings of single females in the US, controlling for these same characteristics, are also significantly lower than the wealth holdings of single males. In contrast, observed wealth gaps between genders in a sub-sample of young households disappear when controlling for observable characteristics, suggesting either that in the US these gaps are disappearing for younger households or that these gaps do not emerge until later in life.

A physically-based particle model of woven cloth

Abstract: Every time a tablecloth is draped over a table it will fold and pleat in unique ways. We report on a physically-based model and a simulation methodology, which when used together are able to reproduce many of the attributes of this characteristic behavior of cloth. Our model utilizes a microscopic particle representation that directly treats the mechanical constraints between the threads in woven material rather than using a macroscopic continuum approximation. The simulation technique is hybrid, employing force methods for gross movement and energy methods to enforce constraints within the material. The model is developed and demonstrated within a visualization environment that allows full interaction between the simulated material and conventional constructive-solid-geometry models.

Ultralong Dephasing Times in Solid-State Spin Ensembles via Quantum Control

Abstract: New techniques reduce the spin dephasing time in nitrogen-vacancy centers by more than an order of magnitude, greatly decreasing the time needed for magnetic field sensing and possibly opening up this quantum sensing technology to much broader applications.

Collisional quenching corrections for laser-induced fluorescence measurements of NO A2Sigma(+)

Abstract: Quantitative combustion diagnostics using laser-induced fluorescence require a knowledge of energy transfer and quenching rates at elevated temperatures. Such information is critical both for experimental design and for subsequent reduction of measured signals to measurements of temperature and species concentrations. We present the results of a study of electronic energy transfer in NO A2S+. These results are cast in the form of empirical correlations which have been developed to facilitate the practical applications of quenching corrections. The choice of particular functional forms for these correlations is based on a classical collisional model of the process. This model has been calibrated against an extensive set of measured cross sections. Results are presented for a number of species of interest in combustion and aerothermodynamic applications.