Showing papers in "Advances in Space Research in 2000"

TL;DR: In this article, a model of ion kinetics in a near-ground layer of troposphere is considered, and with the help of existing model of atmosphere conductivity vertical distribution makes calculations of penetrated electric field at the heights from 90 up to 1000 km.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the TRMM standard algorithm 2A25 which estimates the instantaneous vertical profile of rain from Precipitation Radar (PR) data, and show the critical part of the algorithm, and shows some results of comparisons of data taken nearly simultaneously by a TRMM PR and a ground-based radar.

TL;DR: In this article, a 3D global MHD simulation of the 10−11 January 1997 event has been analyzed for mode structure and shown to contain field line resonance components, both toroidal and poloidal, with peak power on the nightside during southward IMF conditions.

TL;DR: The present work will survey results concerning the LET dependence of genomic instability and the role of epigenetic mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on the endpoint of chromosomal instability.

TL;DR: The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment is envisaged as a one-time, major effort to take oceanography from a predominantly research oriented field to one where operational activities are undertaken routinely, with useful and practical outcomes.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the 1.3-year variation is a quasi-periodicity which occurs during even solar cycles, while during odd cycles, it is a somewhat longer periodicity with a period varying from 1.5-1.7 years.

TL;DR: In this paper, the electron density profile in the F region bottomside is described in the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) by two parameters: a thickness parameter B 0 and a shape parameter B 1.

TL;DR: In this article, the global configuration and topology of the terrestrial magnetosphere for typical IMF conditions is simulated with a new 3D MHD model using adaptive mesh refinement (AMR), and the main elements of the solution method and presents a steady-state solution for nominal Parker-spiral IMF conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, three all-sky cooled-CCD cameras designed for mid-latitude nightglow measurements were developed at the Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory and calibrated using a 2m integrating-sphere and a spectrometer at the National Institute of Polar Research, Japan.

TL;DR: An empirical model for F-region peak ionospheric storm-time changes has been developed based on understanding from theoretical modeling of geomagnetic storms as mentioned in this paper, which is designed to scale climatology, or monthly-medians, based on the strength of a storm, as a function of geOMagnetic latitude, season, and local time.

TL;DR: By determining mechanistic relationships that might exist between aging and irradiation it may be possible to determine the common factor(s) involved in both perturbations and develop procedures to offset their deleterious effects.

TL;DR: LISA as mentioned in this paper is a laser-interferometric gravitational wave detector in space designed to observe gravitational wave signals from galactic as well as cosmological sources in the frequency range from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz.

TL;DR: In this paper, the application of NOAA-AVHRR satellite data for monitoring weather conditions and corn yield in the main cropping area of Argentina was analyzed, showing that images of VCI and TCI are an effective tool for monitoring regional weather conditions, droughts and their evolution, providing greater and on time spatial and temporal coverage than the one is possible from ground-based measurements.

TL;DR: Exposing rats to 60CO gamma rays or to fission spectrum neutrons has no selective effect upon the acquisition of either amphetamine- or lithium chloride-induced taste aversions, and exposing rats to low doses of 56Fe particles eliminates the taste aversion.

TL;DR: The polar cusp is a region in which the magnetosheath plasma has direct access to the ionosphere as mentioned in this paper, and it exists whether the interplanetary magnetic field is northward or southward.

TL;DR: The Precipitation Radar (PR) onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite is the first spaceborne radar designed to measure the vertical structure of tropospheric precipitation as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: A review of the annual variations of the ionosphere, which focuses on the physical mechanisms causing the well-known seasonal anomaly and equinoctial asymmetry, is presented in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the photoreceptor apparatus responsible for phototaxis has been found to be affected by short wavelength solar radiation (UV-B, 280-315 mn), which may lead to a decrease in biomass production which in turn affects the whole intricate marine food web.

TL;DR: In this article, changes in areal evapotranspiration due to urbanization and the response of groundwater flow system for changing recharge are evaluated and it is clarified that the effect of decreasing recharge is large in local ground water system in upper stream.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the possibility of predicting large geomagnetic storms from solar observations and showed that the magnetic structures of flux ropes are strongly controlled by large-scale magnetic fields in the solar source regions of coronal mass ejections.

TL;DR: In this article, the complete inventory of interstellar ices over the entire spectrum between 2.5 and 45 µm was studied using the ISO-SWS (Short Wavelength Spectrometer).

TL;DR: MUSES-C as mentioned in this paper is a mission for near-earth-asteroid sample return, which was launched in 2002 and returns to the earth in 2006. But the primary objective is to demonstrate the key technologies requisite for future advanced sample return mission.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report on the 1997 December 14 prominence eruption event that was accompanied by eruptive signatures in X-rays, EUV and white light: coronal dimming, X-ray arcade formation, Xray brightenings, and a white light CME.

TL;DR: In this article, a reliable correlation between global distribution of seismic activity and ion density variations in the ionosphere was discovered on the basis of the analysis of a rather large data base of plasma density, which was recorded on board a Russian satellite Intercosmos 24.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comparative study of the spread F occurrence statistics with the published statistics available by other technique and for other longitude sectors, and discuss the findings in terms of their implications for formulating an empirical description of the ESF for possible incorporation into the IRI model.

TL;DR: The buffer gas needs for a human mission to Mars are discussed and architectures for the generation of buffer gas including an option that integrates it to the propellant production plant are considered.

TL;DR: In this paper, it has been suggested that both positive ionospheric storms at middle latitudes and anomalous increases in the neutral thermospheric density at low latitudes are caused by traveling atmospheric disturbances (TADs).

TL;DR: The magnetic flux content of the Jovian magnetosphere is set by the internal dynamo, but those magnetic field lines are constantly being loaded by heavy ions at the orbit of the Earth and dragged inexorably outward by the centrifugal force as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the NASA GGS POLAR satellite of cusp energetic particle [CEP] events indicates that the mechanism(s) in the dayside cusp accelerate the solar wind plasma to 100s and 1000s of kiloelec-tronvolts energies.