Showing papers in "Cellular Immunology in 1991"

TL;DR: Results imply that nitric oxide or another inorganic nitrogen oxide is an important effector molecule in restricting growth of M. tuberculosis in IFN-gamma-pulsed murine macrophages.

TL;DR: The induction of B7/BB-1 on monocytes and subsequent heterophilic interaction of B 7/BB/1 with CD28 may provide a mechanism for the amplification of T cell proliferation and lymphokine production by INF-gamma activated monocytes.

TL;DR: Two distinct stages of CTL development during the response are suggested: an early primary stage dependent upon the presence of CD4+ cells, and a later, CD4-independent stage operative during the secondary response, which decays with time postinfection.

TL;DR: It is suggested that two of the most abundant neutrophil proteases, cathepsin-G and leukocyte elastase, may be important regulators of TNF and LT bioactivity.

TL;DR: This demonstration of specific, physiologically relevant CRF receptors on two key immunocytes, the monocyte-macrophage and the T-helper lymphocyte, along with in vitro immunosuppression concomitant with CRF binding reinforces the growing body of evidence for a prominent role for CRF in immunomodulation.

TL;DR: These CD56+ subsets provide a new model to study several questions related to non-MHC-restricted target cell lysis, including the identification of novel receptors involved in target cell recognition and/or triggering as well as the biochemical pathways implicated in cellular lysis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that FK-506 and CsA inhibit highly similar signal transduction pathways in human T lymphocyte activation triggered via cell surface molecules that utilize different intracellular processes.

TL;DR: The in vitro functions attributed to these cytokines indicate their potential role in cell recruitment, activation, and differentiation of the ongoing immune response which could contribute to the pathogenesis of disease.

TL;DR: A dramatic increase in frequency of HIV-1 recovery as well as in the level of virus replication was observed in the CD4+ cell-enriched or CD8-depleted cultures of PBMC from 3/3 infected animals, which could help explain the natural resistance of chimpanzees to HIV-induced disease.

TL;DR: It is found that IFN-γ reproducibly stimulates a twofold increase in the precursor frequency of IgG2a-secreting cells from sIgG− and unsorted B cells which can be attributed to an increase in IgG 2a secretion from IgG1-committed cells in these populations.

TL;DR: The results further support the importance of the MEL-14 antigen in neutrophil extravasation in vivo and indicate that chymotrypsin could be useful in examining the molecular mechanisms involved inextravasation of leukocytes into a variety of diverse tissue sites of inflammation.

TL;DR: It is shown that incubation of macrophages with either IFN-γ or PMA induces the expression of JE, Mip-1α and MIP-1β mRNA expression, and that JE mRNA expression is much more responsive to the stimulatory effects of IFn-γ than are the M IP-1 genes.

TL;DR: The results support the concept of a negative feedback on macrophage IL-1 secretion by the central action ofIL-1 beta and indicate that both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system mediate this effect.

TL;DR: The data suggest that there is heterogeneity within lymphocytes regarding their ability to produce GH and are consistent with the idea that GH may be active in local immune responses.

TL;DR: It is reported that flow cytometrically purified populations of CD56-positive decidual LGL have no cytotoxic activity against either the BeWo choriocarcinoma cell line or freshly isolated term trophoblast, which suggests that the resistance of troPHoblast to lysis by either decidUAL or peripheral blood LGL is due to the lack of accessible NK target structures on the surface of trophOBlast.

TL;DR: The results show that rat mononuclear leukocytes contain specific receptors for GHRH that are coupled to important biological responses and further support the concept of bidirectional communication between the immune and neuroendocrine tissues.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that in mice, as in humans, virgin and memory T cells express different levels of adhesion molecules, which suggests that differences in the levels ofAdhesion molecules and homing receptors might be related to the efficiency of activation and patterns of recirculation among virgin andMemory T cells.

TL;DR: T lymphocytes expressing the CD8 surface antigen block HIV replication in CD4+ peripheral blood cells from HIV-infected individuals, and the ability of CD8+ cells to control HIV replication could play an important role in the maintenance of an asymptomatic state in HIV- infected individuals.

TL;DR: Anti-CD3 may serve as a universal reagent for activating tumor-sensitized T lymphocytes for cancer therapy because effector cells could be generated only from tumor-draining but not from normal or adjuvant-stimulated lymph nodes.

TL;DR: It is suggested that IFN-gamma is endowed with a regulatory role in TNF production by mouse macrophages in vitro and added further evidence to the immunomodulatory properties possessed by some cell wall constituents of the human commensal microorganism C. albicans.

TL;DR: These studies provide novel evidence indicating that nonuniform iron metabolism can exist within the T cell compartment and thus raise questions as to why such differences exist and how they can be integrated into models of the Tcell activation process.

TL;DR: The results of these studies suggest that the decreased intracellular GSH levels of HIV-1 seropositive persons are probably not (directly) responsible for the selective depletion of theCD4+ T cell subset but may be responsible for a cellular dysfunction of the CD8+ subset and for the ultimate failure of the CTL to control the viral infection in these patients.

TL;DR: According to the slow, consistent loss of fluorescence intensity of the labeled cells in vivo, it is predicted that labeled lymphocytes could remain detectable by flow cytometry for greater than 7 weeks with the labeling protocol used in these experiments.

TL;DR: The improved method for generating A-LAK or activated-NK cells should facilitate cellular adoptive immunotherapy by providing sufficient numbers of highly enriched CD3- CD56+ effector cells with high anti-tumor activity.

TL;DR: The results suggest that IL-5 may act on limited types of cells in the human system and that a subline of HL-60 (YY-1 cells) was found to display a significant number ofIL-5 receptor.

TL;DR: Because LPS treatment is capable of increasing cytokine levels as well as MHC Class I and Class II expression in heart tissue, it suggests that these factors may contribute to susceptibility to autoimmune myocarditis in CB3-infected mice.

TL;DR: It is shown that fixed and living EC provide comparable degrees of costimulation to CD4+ T cell populations, indicating that EC costimulations does not depend upon active metabolism.

TL;DR: The data indicate that neutrophil defensins can induce DNA injury in targets and suggest such injury may be involved in target cell death.

TL;DR: A newly described enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) which employs enzyme-conjugated soybean agglutinin to detect mucus glycoproteins secreted from explant cultures of mouse duodenum was used to show that interleukin-1 (IL-1) causes release of mucus from epithelial goblet cells.

TL;DR: Results indicate that an increase in cAMP mediated by isoproterenol or prostaglandin receptor is involved in thymocyte apoptosis through internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in concert with a second signal, the activation of protein kinase C.