Showing papers in "Contraception in 1993"

TL;DR: Oral contraceptive use and pregnancy have no discernible effect on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), and smoking may be a risk factor for developing MS.

TL;DR: Vaginal misoprostol (800 micrograms) was significantly more effective (p = 0.005) in effecting abortion after intramuscular methotrexate ineffectively treating intrauterine trophoblast.

TL;DR: Investigation of whether or not diagnostic ultrasound might be the method of choice for studying residual ovarian activity during pill use revealed that only one ultrasound investigation was needed during the first week of pill intake to discover all relevant cases of residual ovarian Activity.

TL;DR: Sub-fractionation studies have revealed that the plant extracts contain a number of compounds which are potent antifertility agents in male mammals, including the diterpenes triptolide and tripdiolide and an isomer of the latter.

TL;DR: There was significantly more breakthrough bleeding and spotting in the group with prolonged regimen than in the groups with standard regimen, but both breakthrough bleed and spotting decreased during the trial.

TL;DR: The present review attempts a comprehensive evaluation of the physiology and current clinical uses of RU 486, the first highly effective progesterone antagonist designated RU 38486, subsequently abbreviated to RU486.

TL;DR: One single silastic capsule containing nomegestrol acetate, Uniplant, was inserted subcutaneously in 100 women of reproductive age who desired to avoid conception and over half of the women indicated their desire to continue using the single implant as a contraceptive.

TL;DR: Use of the four oral contraceptives was associated with a small increase in systolic and diastolic pressure, and Whatever mechanism causes the increase is not entirely reversible by 7 days without treatment.

TL;DR: The properties of a single contraceptive subdermal implant releasing 3-ketodesogestrel were assessed in fifteen women over twelve months and all volunteers demonstrated ovulation inhibition throughout the study.

TL;DR: A Phase I clinical trial was undertaken on 38 male volunteers giving varying doses of SMA, ranging between 5 mg and 140 mg, into each vas deferens, finding the treatment is well tolerated with only minimal side effects in a few cases and no long-term adverse effects.

TL;DR: The findings were consistent with a rapid metabolism of RU 486 to RU 42633; removal of the second methyl group leading to RU 42848 and RU 42698 occurred much more slowly and to a much less extent than Removal of the first.

TL;DR: The effectiveness, good continuation rate, and reduction of the amount of blood loss make this device appropriate to be offered to Brazilian women, as an additional contraceptive option.

TL;DR: A concomitant EE2-induced increase in the SHBG concentrations by a factor of three as compared to pretreatment values was observed during a treatment cycle and appeared to be mainly responsible for the changes in the pharmacokinetics of GEST.

TL;DR: The formulation has shown high contraceptive efficacy in rabbits and in monkeys after intravaginal application and was found to be safe under subacute toxicity studies in monkeys.

TL;DR: State-of-the-art findings from recent IUD studies show that IUDs per se, especially the medicated ones, are not associated with an increased risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), nor are they associated with a decreased risk of ectopic pregnancy or subsequent infertility.

TL;DR: The findings presented suggest that the Norplant system is a highly effective, safe and acceptable method among Bangladeshi women.

TL;DR: Empirical studies of large numbers of volunteers receiving no-scalpel or chemical vas occlusion procedures have resulted in a clearer picture of their safety, effectiveness, simplicity and economy.

TL;DR: Although histological examination of the testes revealed normal seminiferous tubules, there was atrophy of the rete testes of the zinc arginine-treated group and, thus, increase in connective tissue, which offers the possibility of a new method of permanent sterilization instead of surgery.

TL;DR: Those who discontinued method use were less satisfied, reported more side effects and were more likely to have planned to have another child, thus using the method for spacing, or to have had a change in their marital status while they were using the contraceptive.

TL;DR: Although 48% of acceptors experienced menstrual cycle changes and 70% experienced at least one side effect, phone calls and unscheduled visits for problems were infrequent and the need for a routine follow-up visit one month after insertion was eliminated.

TL;DR: The conclusion is that IUDs should not be contraindicated for parous adolescents as long as adequate counseling, screening of risk factors, skillful insertion and follow-up are provided.

TL;DR: The results suggest that bone resorption is reduced, although bone density in the distal radius is not significantly increased in young women using an oral contraceptive containing only 20 mcg ethinylestradiol for one year.

TL;DR: RU486 is an alternative abortion method which should be made widely available and the duration of bleeding should be minimised in order to improve the acceptability of the drug.

TL;DR: Results indicate that this natural saponin has a potential spermicidal effect besides its known antifungal activity and the likely mechanism of its action involves sperm membrane damage by increased lipid peroxidation.

TL;DR: It is suggested that treatment with low doses of antiprogestin ZK 98.299 at weekly intervals does not block folliculogenesis or ovulation, but has an inhibitory effect on the endometrium.

TL;DR: In vitro addition of 0.1-100 microns of a calcium channel blocker, Nifedipine, resulted in a significant non-competitive inhibition in the uptake of Ca++ and the activity of Ca(++)-dependent ATPase enzyme was decreased and the membrane cholesterol and phospholipid contents were considerably lowered.

TL;DR: Reducing the dose of EE in oral contraceptives from 30 mcg to 20 mcg minimizes their impact on renin substrate and hemostatic parameters.

TL;DR: The standard technique for Norplant implants removal was compared with a new technique called the "U" technique, which employs the use of a modified no-scalpel vas deferens holding forceps to grasp and remove the capsules.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the use of combined oral contraceptives leads to an increase in antioxidant defenses, and the specific physiological and biochemical mechanisms of this response merit further investigation.

TL;DR: A few women experienced heavy bleeding and, hence, strict supervision on medical termination of pregnancy is recommended, and there was no significant drop in hemoglobin level during the 6-week follow-up period.