Showing papers in "Current Opinion in Plant Biology in 2006"

TL;DR: Emerging evidence suggests that hormone signaling pathways regulated by abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene, as well as ROS signaling pathways, play key roles in the crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stress signaling.

TL;DR: Better understanding of the specific roles of various metabolites in crop stress tolerance will give rise to a strategy for the metabolic engineering of crop tolerance of drought.

TL;DR: Structural diversity and complexity of terpenes generates an enormous potential for mediating plant-environment interactions and engineering the activities of terpene synthases provides opportunities for detailed functional evaluations of terPene metabolites in planta.

TL;DR: It has been postulated that GLVs are important molecules both for signaling within and between plants and for allowing plants and other organisms surrounding them to recognize or compete with each other.

TL;DR: Plant BAHD acyltransferases constitute a large family of acyl CoA-utilizing enzymes whose products include small volatile esters, modified anthocyanins, as well as constitutive defense compounds and phytoalexins.

TL;DR: Unexpected properties associated with the CCD catalytic products emphasize their role in many aspects of plant growth and development and for instance, CCD7 and CCD8 produce a novel, graft-transmissible hormone that controls axillary shoot growth in plants.

TL;DR: A functional model emerges in which the LRRs control the molecular state of the NB-ARC domain, thereby providing a scaffold for activation of downstream signalling components.

TL;DR: Genomics technologies that have emerged during the past decade have been useful in addressing, in an integrated fashion, the multigenicity of the plant abiotic stress response through genome sequences; cell-, organ-, tissue- and stress-specific transcript collections; transcript, protein and metabolite profiles and their dynamic changes.

TL;DR: Most families of metal transporters are ubiquitous but the Yellow Stripe1-Like (YSL) family is plant specific and YSL family members have been implicated in the transport of metals that are complexed with a plant specific chelator called nicotianamine (NA).

TL;DR: New findings regarding how attention, peak-shift phenomena, and speed-accuracy tradeoffs affect pollinator choice between flower species show that analyzing the evolutionary ecology of signal-receiver relationships can substantially benefit from knowledge about the neural mechanisms of visual and olfactory information processing.

TL;DR: Hairy roots can also produce recombinant proteins from transgenic roots, and thereby hold immense potential for the pharmaceutical industry because of their abundant neoplastic root proliferation.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic relationships of cyclases that generate nonsteroidal triterpene alcohols do not consistently reflect their catalytic properties and might indicate recent and rapid catalytic evolution.

TL;DR: Recent progress in identifying the proteins needed for polysaccharide biosynthesis should lead to an improved understanding of the molecular details of these complex processes, and eventually to an ability to manipulate them in an effort to generate plants that have improved properties for human uses.

TL;DR: Understanding of what determines whether the fungus behaves as an endophyte or a parasite is enhanced and of how plants avoid exploitation by detrimental parasites but benefit from mutualistic endophytes is enhanced.

TL;DR: Nearly 700 F-box proteins have been predicted in Arabidopsis, suggesting that plants have the capacity to assemble a multitude of SCF complexes, possibly controlling the stability of hundreds of substrates involved in a plethora of biological processes.

TL;DR: A hydrophobic cuticle is deposited at the outermost extracellular matrix of the epidermis in primary tissues of terrestrial plants, besides forming a protective shield against the environment, and is potentially involved in several developmental processes during plant growth.

TL;DR: Phospholipase D and its product, phosphatidic acid, exert their effects by functioning in signal transduction cascades and by influencing the biophysical state of lipid membranes.

TL;DR: A highly interconnected network is called the tip growth LENS (for localization enhancing network, self-sustaining), that coordinates the required cellular activities to allow regulated tip growth, and to maintain itself as the tip advances.

TL;DR: The nodulation signalling pathway contains transcriptional regulators downstream of the calcium-activated kinase that are not required for the mycorrhizal symbiosis, and raises the question of how specificity of gene induction can be achieved in two pathways that are both likely to use calcium and a unique calcium- activated kinase to induce different downstream events.

TL;DR: The establishment of the symbiosis involves a complex interplay between host and symbiont, resulting in the formation of a novel organ, the nodule, which the bacteria colonize as intracellular symbionts.

TL;DR: This work has confirmed that odour emissions can be manipulated in order to enhance the plants' attractiveness to beneficial arthropods and targets the right volatiles for enhanced emission for combating important pests.

TL;DR: KNOTTED1-like homeobox and WUSCHEL transcription factors facilitate high cytokinin activity in the shoot apical meristem (SAM), whereas high gibberellin and auxin activities promote the initiation of lateral organs at specific sites in the SAM flanks.

TL;DR: Over the past 10,000 years, man has used the rich genetic diversity of the maize genome as the raw material for domestication and subsequent crop improvement.

TL;DR: A future challenge in this emerging field is to integrate metabolic, phenotypic and genomic databases to allow a wider view of the plant metabolome and the application of this knowledge within genomics-assisted breeding.

TL;DR: Functional studies in both monocots and dicots continue to identify individual RLKs that have similar developmental and abiotic stress roles, and analysis of closely related RLKS reveals that family members might have overlapping roles but can also possess distinct functions.

TL;DR: The response of photosynthetic organisms to Cu deficiency indicates the existence of cross-talk between metal cofactor delivery pathways and defects in Cu delivery factors also suggest important roles for Cu in cell expansion.

TL;DR: It may be important to distinguish paralogs that are produced by individual gene duplications from the homoeologous sequences produced by (allo)polyploidy.

TL;DR: Recent biochemical and single-filament imaging analyses of several conserved classes of plant actin-binding proteins reveal unusual and unexpected properties that motivate a careful description of the properties of plant proteins in vitro as a prelude to greater insight into the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the regulation of actin dynamics in vivo.

TL;DR: Surprisingly, both green and non-green plastids appear to contain a similar soluble Clp core proteolytic complex, consisting of five ClpP proteases, their non-catalytic ClpR homologs, and two ClpS homologys that have unknown function.

TL;DR: This work has shown that the endosperm mediates a maternal input that is based on memory of the transcriptional states of imprinted genes, which is crucial for harmonious seed growth.