Showing papers in "Environmental and Experimental Botany in 2003"

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of NaCl stress on the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD: EC 1.15.1), peroxidase (POD:EC 1.11.7), and glutathione reductase (GR: EC1.6.4) were investigated in two cotton cultivars, Guazuncho and Pora, grown in nutrient solution.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the reduction in shoot development and leaf elongation were related to toxic ion accumulation and depletion of K+ ions in the leaf blades and the accumulation of organic solutes in leaves did not appear to be related to salt tolerance.

TL;DR: Cd-stress induced a concentration- and genotype-dependent oxidative stress response in barley leaves, characterized by an accumulation of MDA and the alternation pattern of antioxidative enzymes, mainly SOD and POD may be attributed to the genotypic difference in Cd tolerance.

TL;DR: The apricot cultivars showed important differences concerning flowering date, and the results indicate a high positive correlation between chilling requirements and floweringdate, as well as a negative correlation between chill requirements for breaking of dormancy and heat requirements for flowering.

TL;DR: Quercus ilex and Phillyrea latifolia growing in a holm oak forest in Prades mountains (NE Spain) were subjected to experimental drought conditions as mentioned in this paper, where soil water availability was reduced about 15% by plastic strips and funnels that partially excluded rain throughfall and by ditch exclusion of water runoff.

TL;DR: In this paper, two wheat varieties were grown in a controlled environment with cadmium near threshold concentrations supplying the metal at equal-effect concentrations, i.e., at the lowest metal concentration and the activation in roots of the antioxidative enzymes catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidease.

TL;DR: It is concluded that decreases in stomatal opening andStomatal limitation of photosynthesis, followed by decrease in individual leaf area are the main causes of reductions in carbon uptake and whole plant biomass of flooded seedlings.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects and interactions of three factors, pH, As and P, on As hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. to optimize plant growth and maximize As removal from contaminated sites, especially water, were examined.

TL;DR: Results suggest that drought resistance of cv Consol, can be attributed to a higher water use efficiency and down regulate PSII functionality through thermal energy dissipation.

TL;DR: The root-internal PC chain length distributions and PC–thiol-to-Cd molar ratios did not significantly differ between species or varieties, suggesting that differential grain Cd accumulation is not due to differential PC-based Cd sequestration in the roots, rather than with differential plant-internal Cd allocation.

TL;DR: In this article, salicylic acid (SA) hydroponic solution was used to spray on leaves and irrigate roots at 30/22°C for one day to induce an increase of chilling tolerance.

TL;DR: Different growth responses between the two mangrove species supported the hypothesis that K. candel is more tolerant to waterlogging than B. gymnorrhiza, and activities of both peroxidase and superoxide dismutase increased significantly in leaves of K.candel when the waterlogged period was longer than 8 weeks, indicating that K.'s candel had stronger resistance to the oxidant damage resulting from waterlogges.

TL;DR: It is suggested that induction of AlaAT activity in soybean roots under hypoxia has only a limited role in the increase of alanine formation but may be responsible for the rapid recovery ofAlanine to pre-hypoxic levels on return to normoxia.

TL;DR: Maize regained its growth and water potential faster than wheat and the differential sensitivity of maize and wheat towards water stress may be related to variation in endogenous calcium expression and its function.

TL;DR: Results provide the first indication that metal contamination can change the chemical composition of St. John's wort, thereby, seriously impacting the quality, safety and efficacy of natural plant products produced by medicinal species.

TL;DR: It can be suggested that the induction of secondary compounds in the flavonoid pathway is multi-step regulated by both environmental factors, UV-radiation and nutrients.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of four herbicides (paraquat, norflurazon, flazasulfuron and atrazine) were evaluated using pulse-amplitude-modulation (PAM) fluorometric method, as a sensitive and rapid method, to evaluate toxic effect of these pollutants in Lemna minor.

TL;DR: In this study KS-282 proved to be the best cultivar for dense saline-sodic soil showing non-significant effect of salinity–sodicity induced changes in all physiological and biochemical functions, pollen viability, stigma receptivity coupled with higher activity of starch synthase towards grain filling and seed set, resulting in higher grain yield compared to all the test cultivars.

TL;DR: In this paper, two Chinese cultivars of Glycine max, namely Heidou and Jindou, were exposed to ambient and supplemental levels of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation simulating a 24% depletion in stratospheric ozone over a 9-week growing period at an outdoor experimental site.

TL;DR: In this article, a set of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata cv. snowball), known to be responsive to potentially toxic elements, was investigated for chromium effect on iron metabolism and water relations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the tree access to deep water sources and the possibility of hydraulic lift from the deep roots of a Pinus nigra tree to the shallow soil layers in a Mediterranean forest of NE Spain.

TL;DR: A soredia growth test with MnCl2 and KCl in combination proved that mitigating effects of FeCl3 were not just caused by reduced chemical activity of Mn2+ due to the addition of another salt, and showed that Cl− did not inhibit sOREDia growth.

TL;DR: Following exposure, the tocopherol content was slightly, but significantly lower, pointing to the membrane environment as a primary target for UV-B radiation, and the water-soluble antioxidant content was largely unaffected, but an enhanced turnover in the ascorbate–glutathione cycle might be needed for tocop herol regeneration.

TL;DR: Temporal changes in gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of Paeonia suffruticosa seedlings acclimated to three levels of light environments were investigated and it was found that a long time (2 months) of high-light exposure may damage the photosynthetic apparatus.

TL;DR: There was differential sensitivity to ABA in the roots and shoots but that enhanced concentrations at wild-type levels acted primarily to maintain root and shoot growth under moderate salt stress, and the possibility that ABA can interact with other hormones to coordinate whole plant responses to high salinity stress is discussed.

TL;DR: De novo accumulation of Phenolic compounds occurred in date palm callus in response to elicitation with filtrates from Foa cultures, which indicates a possible role of phenolic compounds in the resistance to the Bayoud disease.

TL;DR: The analyses show the feasibility of estimating the transpiration rate of many trees by monitoring sap flow in a single tree by the use of a sole CHPV gauge and indicate thatCHPV can be a useful and powerful method for irrigation scheduling for olive and other tree species.

TL;DR: The results not only demonstrate the highly damaging effect of SO 2, but also identify SO 2 triggered multiple events linked with defense/stress response in the leaves of rice seedlings.

TL;DR: It is concluded that survival of oak seedlings in the field is related to soil or rhizosphere processes mediating copper mobility, rather than to physiological tolerance or plant acclimation.

TL;DR: Plants grown under elevated [CO2] were able to maintain midday leaf photosynthesis, and to some extent other photosynthetic-related parameters, longer into the drought period than plants grown at ambient [ CO2].