Showing papers in "Environmental and Experimental Botany in 2004"

TL;DR: Studies on genotoxicity of metals discussed in this review showed that genotoxic effects could be in part responsible for metal phytotoxicity, deserving further examination to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the responses of photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence along with changes in carbohydrate and proline levels were studied in cowpea during water stress and recovery.

TL;DR: Oblzor et al. as discussed by the authors found that heavy metal accumulation in barley leaves leads to different display of oxidative stress, and changes in individual chloroplast proteins, including Rubisco subunits, and showed that low-molecular antioxidants were most probably the consequence of depletion in low-protein antioxidants as a result of their involvement in detoxification processes and disbalance in antioxidative enzymes.

TL;DR: Assays of protoplasmic qualities, such as cell membrane permeability and cytoplasmic viscosity, will provide an easy and fast test for screening relatively large numbers of cultivars for salt tolerance.

TL;DR: Investigation of chlorophyll fluorescence and oxygen evolution and measurements of the quantum yield of electron transport at PSII in leaves infiltrated with methylviologen indicated the presence of a heat-sensitive component of the photosynthetic apparatus located downstream of photosystem II and before the carbon cycle.

TL;DR: The results suggested that higher levels of N nutrition may have contributed to drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass by preventing cell membrane damage and enhancing osmoregulation.

TL;DR: The results suggested that only non-hazardous industrial biosolid levels might be environmentally sustainable for poplar plantations.

TL;DR: Ascorbate, antioxidant enzyme activities and foliar contents of proline, glycine betaine and abscisic acid along with lipid peroxidation rates and electrolytic leakage were determined in five mulberry (Morus alba L) cultivars (BC2-59, K-2, MR-10, S-13 and TR-10) subjected to water stress by withholding water until the leaf water potential reached −250 MPa as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of soil flooding on the activity of foliar antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxide (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) of barley plants ( Hordeum vulgare cv. Alfa ) were studied.

TL;DR: There may be some connection between the degree of saturation of leaf membrane lipids prior to heat stress and the ability of that plant to limit heat-induced damages during the stress period, as investigated in leaf and root tissues for three cultivars of creeping bentgrass.

TL;DR: Hydroponic cultures conducted to investigate the effect of excessive Cu on the seed germination and growth of Elsholtzia haichowensis Sun, a Cu tolerant plant from the Tongling Cu mining sites in eastern China showed that most Cu was bound on cell walls in the roots, accounting for more than 60% of the total concentration.

TL;DR: ‘Navelina’ plants were less sensitive to excess B when grafted on Swingle citrumelo than on sour orange, and the size of chloroplasts decreased in response to high B concentration in the nutrient solution, but their shape was not altered.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of NaCl and KCl on osmotic adjustment, water relations, and gas exchange of capsicum annuum (L. cv. Orlando) were compared with two different saline treatments, and different measurement times (1, 2, 3 and 10 days) were assayed to determine the effect of the treatment duration on the parameters studied.

TL;DR: In this article, three cassava genotypes were grown in greenhouse conditions and subjected to water deficit treatments to assess the extent to which abscisic acid and osmotically active solutes accumulate in cassava leaves during water deficit and solute contributions to osmotic adjustment.

TL;DR: Summary patterns suggest that cadmium flows passively into roots but the saturation of binding sites limits its uptake and the metal is slowly translocated to the shoot due to mechanisms that restrict internal Cd-transport.

TL;DR: In this paper, the location of As reduction and thiol formation in Chinese Brake fern and the ability of excised plants to absorb As under P influence were investigated, and the results suggested that the ability to efficiently reduce As(V), facilitated by P, and to quickly produce thiols might have both contributed to the capability of Chinese brake fern to hyperaccumulate As.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the population from the Cu-contaminated site is more resistant to copper stress, which might be related to the fact that less Cu was absorbed and transported from the roots to shoots and higher peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities induced in the plants when subjected to Cu stress.

TL;DR: The presence of Al during the first day of germination had no effect on germination capability and on the growth of emerging roots of barley seeds but during the second day, considerable increase of hydrogen peroxide production was observed in Al-treated germinated seeds in comparison to control non-treated seeds.

TL;DR: In this article, the first data on bioaccumulation in these tree species in rural areas, on a regional scale, was provided, with the aim of investigating their usefulness for biomonitoring atmospheric contamination, oak (Quercus robur) leaves and pine (Pinus pinaster) needles.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated different responses of two contrasting Populus davidiana populations to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application under well-watered and water-stressed conditions, and further elucidated the role of ABA in drought tolerance.

TL;DR: Plants showed significant morphological changes in total shoot length, number of newly recruited shoots and expansion or contraction of the leaf surface area due to the epiphytic algal load and low light condition, but they could not respond to the same when epip hytic algae-created shade occurred on the leafsurface in the present experiment.

TL;DR: Four bacterial strains showing in vitro metabolic capacities related to their plant growth-promoting action were studied in the growth of holm-oak and pine plants at a forest nursery before outplanting, suggesting differences in the perturbation of microbial communities previously established and in the capacity of adaptation to the rhizosphere environment among the different strains.

TL;DR: The results show that the tree species react differently to situations of water stress and changeable temperatures than herbaceous species, and the flowering of tree species seems to be affected more by conditions in the months prior to flowering, in particular for species flowering in winter-early spring.

TL;DR: It is shown that other stress factors, which inhibited root growth of Lupinus luteus L., such as cadmium, zinc, copper, osmotic and salt stress also induced the accumulation of 16 kDa polypeptides, which were identified as a member of PR-10 pathogenesis related proteins.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the agreement between chloroplast number and photosynthetic responses to CO2 enrichment and highlight the contrast between the large increase in mitochondrion numbers and the moderate increase in respiration at elevated CO2 in N. sylvestris.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors locate and measure metals in Cladonia pleurota, the most frequently encountered roast bed lichen species, and find potentially toxic levels of Cu, Ni, Fe and Al.

TL;DR: Over longer periods, partially submerged reed favoured top emerged leaves at the expense of submerged ones, thus suggesting short-term avoidance of anoxia rather than tolerance, which may be related to the tolerance of green tissues.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of soil water potential (Ψs) on the responses of gas exchange to VPD in four field-grown winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars was investigated.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that the increase of leaf thickness in both species after long-term exposure of enhanced UV-B radiation could compensate for the photodestruction of photosynthetic pigments when light passes through the leaf is supported.

TL;DR: That differentiation of rootstock effect between seasons may have been induced by alterations in source/sink relations due to differences in yield among rootstocks and its effects on leaf area is suggested.