Showing papers in "Field Crops Research in 2002"

TL;DR: Stability analyses were performed on a number of high-yielding maize hybrids, including three hybrids that have been involved in some of the highest maize yields recorded in producers’ fields, to examine the relationship between yield and yield stability.

TL;DR: In this paper, a site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) approach was proposed to improve the quality of rice fields by fine-tuning nitrogen applications based on season-specific rules and field-specific monitoring of crop N status.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of application of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB), Bacillus megatherium var. Phosphaticum, at 10 kilograms of lignite based culture with and without varying amounts of P fertilizer was studied on soil available P changes and sugarcane growth and yield.

TL;DR: Recent progress in breeding for rice for saline environments includes the development of rapid and reliable techniques of screening for elongation ability and tolerance for salinity, submergence, iron toxicity, aluminum toxicity and phosphorus efficiency.

TL;DR: Technical aspects of proteomics are reviewed and its use in analyzing the response of rice plants to drought and salinity is demonstrated, including numerous constitutive and stress-induced differences in root proteins.

TL;DR: Evaluated maize hybrids from different eras grown extensively in Brazil to the increase in plant sowing density and to identify agronomic traits that can account for the contrasting tolerance to high interplant competition found current hybrid’s better performance at supraoptimum plant population densities was favored by three sets of traits.

TL;DR: Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with dry matter and N translocation efficiency, suggesting that the sink strength could be involved in the translocationefficiency of rice under Mediterranean conditions.

TL;DR: A sample of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was derived from a bi-parental cross between Lemont and BK88-BR6, which contrasted in maintenance of leaf water potential and expression of osmotic adjustment, which suggests that traits contributing to the maintenance of high LWP minimized the effects of water deficit on spikelet sterility and consequently grain yield.

TL;DR: It is suggested that variations in flowering time, potential yields and drought patterns need to be considered for development of drought-resistant cultivars using specific physiological traits.

TL;DR: The effect of Cd addition on nutrient concentrations in plants varied among elements, plant parts and genotypes, and Cd treatment caused more P, K and Mn accumulation in roots, probably due to the inhibition of their translocation to plant shoots.

TL;DR: In this paper, the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with root morphology and other drought resistance-related traits should help breeders produce more drought resistant varieties. But root morphological characteristics are known to be important in the drought resistance of some rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties.

TL;DR: Results of this study indicate that CTD does not mask confounding interactions between organ temperatures and thus can be used reliably to measure TD during grain filling under heat stress conditions.

TL;DR: It is concluded that OA can contribute to drought tolerance in sunflower and the need to develop markers for this trait is stressed.

TL;DR: Under less severe and prolonged drought conditions, genotypes that could achieve higher plant dry matter at anthesis were desirable and had less delay in flowering, higher grain yield and higher drought response index, indicating the importance of ability to grow during the prolonged stress period.

TL;DR: It is concluded that decreased ear abortion and increased assimilate supply during grain filling of maize selected for tolerance to mid-season drought also provide tolerance to N stress and therefore may contribute to increased yield and yield stability.

TL;DR: The ability of the low SLA types (higher water use efficiency, WUE) to maintain higher RWC may form the basis for the differences in drought tolerance vis a vis WUE in groundnut cultivars differing in SLA.

TL;DR: The results indicate that with the use of irrigated-control and drought test environments, genotypes with drought resistance can be identified by using DRI or delay in flowering, however, selections will differ depending on the type of drought condition.

TL;DR: The possibility of improving the water use efficiency (q) of maize crops by applying fertiliser N was tested under irrigated and rainfed conditions as discussed by the authors, and three field experiments were undertaken in 2 years using a split-plot design with watering regimes (rainfed and irrigation) as main plots and N (0 and 100 kg N−1) as sub-plots.

TL;DR: Validation of appropriate mechanisms in other cultivars for target environments, and development and utilization of molecular markers to follow these traits in breeding programs, will therefore be high priorities for future work on submergence tolerance of rice.

TL;DR: The physiological and molecular dissection of aerobic rice yield is expected to identify opportunities to accelerate progress in the areas of aerobic adaptation, tolerance to water deficit, and improved weed competitiveness.

TL;DR: A new dry matter partitioning model was developed and incorporated into the Canegro model, and tested against independent experimental data to show that the new method is sufficiently robust to accurately predict aerial dry mass, stalk yield and sucrose yield for a wide range of conditions.

TL;DR: Oleic acid percentage was higher with higher night temperature and was not related to daily minimum temperature and the largest variation was observed in the traditional hybrid and the lowest in the high oleic hybrids.

TL;DR: In this paper, an experiment was carried out in the central highlands of Mexico, at El Batan (latitude 19°31′N, longitude 98°50′W, altitude 2250m) to test the effect of improved agronomy.

TL;DR: Rice yield was most severely reduced by low Tw (below 20 °C) during the reproductive period, as a result of low spikelet fertility, and crop growth rate was reduced according to period, being greatest during the vegetative period, followed by the reproductive and early grain-filling periods.

TL;DR: The selection of bean rhizobia for the “Cerrados”, the savannas that represent one-fourth of Brazilian land, shows a high level of genetic diversity and 16S rDNA sequences of the most efficient and competitive strains were genetically similar to Rhizobium tropici, suggesting that further studies on inoculant strains in the hot and acid soils of the Brazilian Cerrados and Africa should emphasize this species.

TL;DR: Application of B. subtilis with Rhizobium is a promising approach for the improvement of bean root rot control.

TL;DR: In this article, a factorial experiment including three sites and three doses of nitrogen fertiliser was simulated with CropSyst, a management-oriented model, and 40 years of measured daily weather data.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) equations to predict the amino acid and nitrogen content of milled rice powder.

TL;DR: Root morphological characteristics are known to be important in the drought resistance of some rice varieties, and a mapping population of 140 recombinant inbred lines and the parental varieties Bala and Azucena were screened for root growth in thin glass-sided soil-filled chambers, revealing root traits that potentially contribute to drought resistance.