Showing papers in "General and Comparative Endocrinology in 2014"

TL;DR: The analysis shows that THs influences sex steroid hormone synthesis in vertebrates, ranging from fish to pigs, and the concept of crosstalk and conserved hormone interaction has implications for the role of THs in reproduction, and how these processes may be dysregulated by environmental endocrine disruptors.

TL;DR: Due to the increased understanding of endocrine physiology of threatened species, breeding rates of captive population have improved to levels allowing for reintroduction of species to restored natural ecosystems.

TL;DR: These G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are closely related and have a common evolutionary origin, which dates back to the split of Proto- and Deuterostomia, about 700 million years ago.

TL;DR: The evidence to date that various so-called neuroendocrine disruptors can induce such effects often at environmentally-relevant concentrations is examined.

TL;DR: Evidence supports the hypothesis of a GnRH superfamily with a common ancestor for the vertebrate GnRHs, invertebrates, corazonins and adipokinetic hormones, as well as the relationship of vertebrate and invertebrate homologs, which was examined.

TL;DR: What the authors know about leptin function in mammals and non-mammals is assessed, and examples of how these data can inform leptin biology in humans are given.

TL;DR: The combined results suggested for the first time that IAG is involved in regulating ovarian development and somatic growth in crustaceans.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the enzymes TH and mTOR and the hormones CCK, apelin, orexin, and ghrelin all regulate food intake in cavefish through a complex network of interactions.

TL;DR: Work in teleost models indicating that prolactin regulates ion balance through action on ion transporters, tight-junction proteins, and water channels in ionocytes is reviewed and recent advances in the understanding of ionocyte function in the genetically and embryonically accessible zebrafish (Danio rerio) are discussed.

TL;DR: HCC were found to be higher in orang-utans, with perceived long-term stressful periods, and segmental hair analyses revealed that HCC was stable along the hair shaft even when hair reached >40cm, suggesting that using HCC may provide an ideal non-invasive tool for both captive management as well as conservation in orangs and potentially other great apes.

TL;DR: A picture of the main results obtained to date in studies regarding the presence and functioning in brain areas of metabolic sensors informing about changes in the levels of nutrients in rainbow trout are provided.

TL;DR: Seasonal changes in initial and acute stress-induced plasma testosterone (T), corticosterone (CORT), and two metabolites (uric acid and glucose) and the effects of two types of social challenge on plasma T, CORT, these metabolites, and territorial behavior are determined, providing novel information on the endocrine effects of acute stress.

TL;DR: This study produces medaka with homozygous LepR gene mutation using the targeting induced local lesions in a genome method and analysis confirms that LepR in medaka exert a powerful influence on the control on food intake.

TL;DR: Experimental results indicate that elevated baseline GCs can prepare individuals for investment in energetically expensive life-history stages, rather than simply being elevated as a consequence of increased effort or demand, and suggests that short-term preparative increases in baselineGCs benefit individuals by successfully allowing them to maximize fitness under varying environmental conditions.

TL;DR: The current knowledge on the reproductive behavioral and physiological consequences of relative position in a dominance hierarchy is reviewed, with a particular focus on male cichlids.

TL;DR: Environmental gestagens are an emerging class of contaminants that deserve increased attention from researchers and regulators alike and there are a number of important questions for researchers to address in this nascent field.

TL;DR: A phenotypic correlation between two hormone traits does not imply that the traits are correlated among individuals; the importance of repeated sampling to partition within- and among-individual variances and correlations among labile physiological traits is demonstrated; and environmental factors explain a considerable fraction of the variation and co-variation in hormone concentrations.

TL;DR: Wild dolphins exhibited a typical mammalian response to acute stress of capture and restraint, and age- and sex-adjusted mean pre-examination values of catecholamines were significantly higher in CHS dolphins; ALD was higher in IRL dolphins.

TL;DR: The present study demonstrates the importance of TOR signaling on the stimulatory role of AA and IGF-I in gilthead sea bream myogenesis and contributes to better understand the potential regulation of muscle growth and development in fish.

TL;DR: Exposure to stress can developmentally program the endocrine system of songbirds and illustrate the importance of considering developmental conditions when determining the factors responsible for inter-individual variation in endocrine regulation.

TL;DR: The discovery of novel isoforms of adipokinetic hormone-corazonin-like peptide, allatotropin, corazonin, eclosion hormone and intocin, peptide families previously unidentified in copepods are discovered.

TL;DR: A long-term in vitro culture system for SSCs has been now established for some fish species, and such culture system would allow the development of strategies to in vitro investigate key regulatory and functional aspects of germline stem cells, representing an important tool for transgenesis and theDevelopment of new biotechnologies in fish production.

TL;DR: The first extensive survey of neuropeptide and peptide hormone precursors in a species belonging to the class Holothuroidea is reported, which may have practical and economic impact by providing a basis for neuroendocrine-based strategies to improve methods of aquaculture.

TL;DR: Findings evidence a high mitochondrial plasticity against stress stimuli, providing new insights to define the threshold level of stress condition in fish.

TL;DR: Transcriptome shotgun assembly (TSA) data were used to expand the peptidomes for L. vannamei and P. monodon peptides and provide platforms from which to launch future physiological studies of peptidergic signaling in these two commercially important species.

TL;DR: Novel, previously unknown sequences of tilapia leptin receptor and two leptins are shown and two biologically active recombinant leptin proteins are prepared and prepared.

TL;DR: Results indicate that chronic social stress modulates cortisol production at the level of the interrenal cells, resulting in an attenuated cortisol response to an acute stressor.

TL;DR: validations identified the group-specific measurement of 11ß-hydroxyetiocholanolone as the most suitable assay for monitoring adrenocortical activity and found no evidence for long-term consequences of routine capturing on the animals' stress physiology.

TL;DR: Leptin and CCK gene expression were both decreased after fasting and increased after refeeding, which suggested that CCK is a postprandial satiety signal in S. prenanti, but leptin might not be.

TL;DR: The identification and the preliminary analysis of the sex-biased expression of miRNAs in P. olivaceus gonads by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology will provide a basic catalog of mi RNAs to facilitate future improvement and exploitation of sexual regulatory mechanisms in fish gonads.