Showing papers in "Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2019"
TL;DR: The key idea of DMSPPM is first decomposing a plant-wide process into multiple subprocesses and then establishing a data-driven model for monitoring the process, in which process variable decomposition is important for guaranteeing the monitoring performance.
Abstract: Process monitoring is crucial for maintaining favorable operating conditions and has received considerable attention in previous decades. Currently, a plant-wide process generally consists of multiple operational units and a large number of measured variables. The correlation among the variables and units is complex and results in the imperative but challenging monitoring of such plant-wide processes. With the rapid advancement of industrial sensing techniques, process data with meaningful process information are collected. Data-driven multivariate statistical plant-wide process monitoring (DMSPPM) has become popular. The key idea of DMSPPM is first decomposing a plant-wide process into multiple subprocesses and then establishing a data-driven model for monitoring the process, in which process variable decomposition is important for guaranteeing the monitoring performance. In the current review, we first introduce the basics of multivariate statistical process monitoring and highlight the necessity of des...
206 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of the catalytic performance of a Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 (CuZnAl) catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol was investigated over a period of 720 h time-on-stream.
Abstract: The catalytic performance of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 (CuZnAl) catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol was investigated over a period of 720 h time-on-stream, which showed that the space time yield of CH3OH...
133 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a graphene-derived N-enriched porous carbons were synthesized by urea modification and KOH activation of thermally shocked graphene oxide, and the prepared sorbents were characterized by va...
Abstract: In this work, graphene-derived N-enriched porous carbons were synthesized by urea modification and KOH activation of thermally shocked graphene oxide. The prepared sorbents were characterized by va...
128 citations
TL;DR: Researchers have extensively explored copious advanced as well as conventional fabrication technologies such as electrospinning, 3D and 4D bioprinting, among others, for contouring of porous polymeric scaffolds in tissue-en...
Abstract: Tissue engineering is a derivative of biomedical engineering, which deals with the repair and regeneration of organs or their tissues. Cell-embedded porous polymeric scaffolds unveil proficiency in rectifying the mechanical trauma of skin, bone erosion, and neurodegenerative diseases like spinal cord injury. Archetypically, pristine cell-based biomaterial scaffolds are utilized; however, investigations over time have validated that incorporation of additives such as silver nanoparticles or bioactive glass augments antimicrobial characteristics in conjunction with cell adherence. An ideal scaffold should exhibit ease of processability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, noncytotoxicity, and excellent mechanical property, and these properties can be achieved with biodegradable polymers. Researchers have extensively explored copious advanced as well as conventional fabrication technologies such as electrospinning, 3D and 4D bioprinting, among others, for contouring of porous polymeric scaffolds in tissue-en...
123 citations
TL;DR: The separation of the ternary nonideal system with multiazeotropes is discussed in this article, where the authors show that they are always generated in the production process of n-butanol.
Abstract: The separation of the ternary nonideal system ethyl acetate (EtAC)/ethanol (EtOH)/water with multiazeotropes is very important since they are always generated in the production process of n-butanol...
120 citations
TL;DR: In metal organic frameworks (MOFs), defects are closely related to the performance of materials in various applications as discussed by the authors, where metal ion clusters are usually 4-4-clusters.
Abstract: Defects, which are commonly in metal organic frameworks (MOFs), are closely related to the performance of materials in various applications. Unlike other MOFs where metal ion clusters are usually 4...
117 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used ZnO nanoparticles as a versatile material for doping of different transition metals among other materials, such as gold, cobalt, and cobalt.
Abstract: ZnO nanoparticles are still a hot area for research even after ample work has been done by researchers across the world. It is a versatile material for doping of different transition metals among o...
115 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the importance of gas transportation in carbon dioxide sequestration and successful performances of enhanced methane recovery from shale layers. Among the three primary transportation providers, they focus on the following:
Abstract: Gas transportation is of significance, especially in carbon dioxide sequestration and successful performances of enhanced methane recovery from shale layers. Among the three primary transportation ...
114 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the major challenges facing oil production during/after secondary recovery include oil entrapment by water and high water mobility, thus, currently, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is considered a key...
Abstract: The major challenges facing oil production during/after secondary recovery include oil entrapment by water and high water mobility. Hence, currently, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) is considered a key...
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors designed and synthesized a catalyst-free network with poly(dimethylsiloxane)etherimide (PDMS-NH2), terephthalaldehyde (TA), and tri(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREA) through the condensation reaction between amino groups and aldehyde groups.
Abstract: Vitrimer is a new class of polymeric materials which can be reprocessed to any shape while being permanently cross-linked. We designed and synthesized a catalyst-free network with poly(dimethylsiloxane)etherimide (PDMS-NH2), terephthalaldehyde (TA), and tri(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREA) through the condensation reaction between amino groups and aldehyde groups. As a result of the exchange reaction of the dynamic imine bond obtained, this PDMS network exhibits the nature of vitrimer-like material, which is examined by solubility and stress-relaxation experiments, and the relaxation time is as short as 64 s at 130 °C. In addition, the vitrimer-like PDMS is malleable and capable of self-healing, and the mechanical properties can be maintained even after three consecutive breaking/mold pressing cycles. Especially, besides heating, this vitrimer-like PDMS can also be recycled and reshaped at ambient temperature due to the exchange reaction of dynamic imine bond when immersed in water, which will potentially lead t...
107 citations
TL;DR: A high pressure semicontinuous batch electrolyzer is used to convert CO2 to formic acid/formate on a tin-based cathode using bipolar membranes (BPMs) and cation exchange membranes (CEMs).
Abstract: A high pressure semicontinuous batch electrolyzer is used to convert CO2 to formic acid/formate on a tin-based cathode using bipolar membranes (BPMs) and cation exchange membranes (CEMs). The effects of CO2 pressure up to 50 bar, electrolyte concentration, flow rate, cell potential, and the two types of membranes on the current density (CD) and Faraday efficiency (FE) for formic acid/formate are investigated. Increasing the CO2 pressure yields a high FE up to 90% at a cell potential of 3.5 V and a CD of ∼30 mA/cm2. The FE decreases significantly at higher cell potentials and current densities, and lower pressures. Up to 2 wt % formate was produced at a cell potential of 4 V, a CD of ∼100 mA/cm2, and a FE of 65%. The advantages and disadvantages of using BPMs and CEMs in electrochemical cells for CO2 conversion to formic acid/formate are discussed.
TL;DR: Two dimensional nanomaterials have provided immense potential for separation applications to relieve the trade-off relationship between selectivity and permeability as mentioned in this paper, and they have been used in many separation applications.
Abstract: Two dimensional nanomaterials have provided immense potential for separation applications to relieve the trade-off relationship between selectivity and permeability. Covalent organic frameworks (CO...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview and insights into novel integrated reactive distillation technologies that combine RD principles with other intensified distillation techniques, such as dividing wall column (DWC), cyclic distillation, and HiGee distillation.
Abstract: Reactive distillation (RD) is an efficient process intensification technique that integrates chemical reaction and distillation in a single apparatus. The process is also known as catalytic distillation when a solid catalyst is used. RD technology has many key advantages such as reduced capital investment and significant energy savings, as it can surpass equilibrium limitations, simplify complex processes, increase product selectivity, and improve separation efficiency. However, RD is also constrained by thermodynamic requirements (related to volatility differences and heat of reaction), the need to align the reaction and distillation operating conditions, and the availability of catalysts that are active, selective, and with sufficient longevity. This paper is the first to provide an overview and insights into novel integrated reactive distillation technologies that combine RD principles with other intensified distillation technologies—e.g., dividing-wall column (DWC), cyclic distillation, HiGee distilla...
TL;DR: Although the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS) originate from the same urban area and contain similar organic matter, they are collected separately and handle separately.
Abstract: Although the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS) originate from the same urban area and contain similar organic matter, they are collected separately and handle...
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive investigation on the surface tension of 50 typical deep eutectic solvents was carried out, and the effect of hydrogen-bonding donors (HBDs) and hydrogen bonding acceptors (HBAs) on surface tension was investigated.
Abstract: Surface tension is a key physiochemical property for the application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in the field of interface and colloid. However, the surface tension of DESs has not been systematically studied. Here, a comprehensive investigation on the surface tension of 50 typical DESs was carried out. The effect of hydrogen-bonding donors (HBDs) and hydrogen-bonding acceptors (HBAs) on the surface tension was investigated. Furthermore, the surface tension of mixed systems of DESs with other solvents, water, water+salt (e.g., KCl), ethanol, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, and ethyl acetate (EtAc), was studied. It was found that both HBDs and HBAs had a significant influence on the surface tension of DESs. The presence of crystal water in the salt component of DESs would decrease the surface tension of DESs. Besides, the surface tension of DESs increased significantly when the water mole fraction was higher than 0.9, which was well consistent with the tendency of IR spectra. However, the surface tension ...
TL;DR: Visible light-responsive ZnO/NiO/In2O3 mixed metal oxide (ZNI-MMO) photoelectrocatalysts with different Ni/In molar ratios were derived from corresponding ternary hydrotalcite-like precursors.
Abstract: Visible-light-responsive ZnO/NiO/In2O3 mixed metal oxide (ZNI-MMO) photoelectrocatalysts with different Ni/In molar ratios were derived from corresponding ternary hydrotalcite-like precursors follo...
TL;DR: Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has attracted increased attention as a means to mitigate and adapt to climate change as discussed by the authors, which regards CO2 as a raw material and reduces CO2 emissions.
Abstract: Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has attracted increased attention as a means to mitigate and adapt to climate change. CCU technology regards CO2 as a raw material and reduces CO2 emissions. Ho...
TL;DR: In this paper, microwave pyrolysis combined with steam activation was performed to convert palm kernel shells into activated carbon (AC), which was then tested as an adsorbent to remove herbicide (2,4-dichlorophe...
Abstract: Microwave pyrolysis combined with steam activation was performed to convert palm kernel shells into activated carbon (AC), which was then tested as an adsorbent to remove herbicide (2,4-dichlorophe...
TL;DR: In this article, the yield and composition of bio-oil are governed by numerous pyrolysis reactions which are difficult to understand becausencially because of the complexity of the reactions.
Abstract: Fast pyrolysis of biomass produces bio-oil as a dominant product. However, the yield and composition of bio-oil are governed by numerous pyrolysis reactions which are difficult to understand becaus...
TL;DR: In this article, the removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) released from various source processes is crucial because this compound can cause corrosion and environmental damage even at low concentration levels.
Abstract: Removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) released from various source processes is crucial because this compound can cause corrosion and environmental damage even at low concentration levels. The porous m...
TL;DR: Ni supported on calcined ceria nitrate catalyst is highly active and stable for low-temperature CO2 methanation reaction (CO2 conversion: 70% at 180 °C, 0.05 bar, and gas hourly space velocity (GHS) as discussed by the authors ).
Abstract: Ni supported on calcined ceria nitrate catalyst is highly active and stable for low-temperature CO2 methanation reaction (CO2 conversion: 70% at 180 °C, 0.05 bar, and gas hourly space velocity (GHS...
TL;DR: In this paper, an indirect Z-scheme assembly of graphene-bridged 2D ZnV2O6/pCN nanosheets composite has been fabricated by one-step solvothermal process and tested for photoinduced CO2 conversion under visible-light irradiations.
Abstract: Indirect Z-scheme assembly of graphene-bridged 2D ZnV2O6/pCN nanosheets composite has been fabricated by one-step solvothermal process and tested for photoinduced CO2 conversion under visible-light irradiations. The highest CH3OH production of 3488 μmol g-cat–1 was obtained over ZnV2O6/RGO/g-C3N4 composite, 1.02 and 1.25 times higher comparing to ZnV2O6/RGO and ZnV2O6/g-C3N4 samples, respectively. This enhanced efficiency can be ascribed to well-designed ternary heterojunction with hierarchical structure and efficient charges separation by RGO. More importantly, CH3OH yield was further improved by introducing RGO/pCN as an electron sink, which led to a 1.07 times higher yield than using only RGO. This reveals that ternary 2D ZnV2O6/RGO/pCN nanostructure has higher visible-light absorption, improved charge separation, and enhanced photocatalytic efficiency due to RGO/pCN as multiple mediators. The stability of composite catalyst also prevailed for 32 h for continuous CH3OH production. Therefore, structured...
TL;DR: With the merits of a naturally abundant sodium (Na) resource with similar electrochemical characteristics to that of lithium-ion batteries, Na-based batteries have been widely studied as the next-generation battery.
Abstract: With the merits of a naturally abundant sodium (Na) resource with similar electrochemical characteristics to that of lithium-ion batteries, Na-based batteries have been widely studied as the next-g...
TL;DR: This review reports the past 10 years of research work on the techniques used for lipase immobilization proposing a brief introduction about traditional and alternative process routes using immobilized lipases.
Abstract: Immobilized lipase is a cost-effective biocatalyst for a wide variety of industrial applications, mainly in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics due to the huge number of so-called chemically catalyz...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with the preparation of reduced graphene oxide-Fe3O4 (rGO-Fe 3O4) nanocomposite and its nanofluid by an ultrasound assisted method for convective heat transfer study.
Abstract: The present work deals with the preparation of reduced graphene oxide-Fe3O4 (rGO-Fe3O4) nanocomposite and its nanofluid by an ultrasound assisted method for convective heat transfer study. Formatio...
TL;DR: In this paper, Oxalate has been identified as a sustainable reagent for metal recovery and separation processes from a mixture of valuable metals are vital to the metallurgy and recycling industries.
Abstract: Energy-efficient metal recovery and separation processes from a mixture of valuable metals are vital to the metallurgy and recycling industries. Oxalate has been identified as a sustainable reagent...
TL;DR: In this article, the role of choline chloride in biomass delignification by a deep eutectic solvent (DES) containing lactic acid was investigated, and the influence of CHCL on pulping of Euca beans was investigated.
Abstract: The role of choline chloride in biomass delignification by a deep eutectic solvent (DES) containing lactic acid was investigated. In this study, the influence of choline chloride on pulping of Euca...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate hazards associated with MXene production, including MAX phase synthesis from raw materials, etching of the MAX phase to MXene clay, exfoliation of MXene nanosheets, and postprocessing of MXenes with Ti3C2Tx as a model species.
Abstract: MXenes are two-dimensional metal carbides with promising applications in energy storage and sensors. Guidelines for safe, scalable MXene synthesis are important due to ongoing efforts to scale-up production of these novel nanomaterials. Hazard identification before scale-up will allow for inherently safer designs prior to actual implementation. Here, we investigate hazards associated with MXene production, including MAX phase synthesis from raw materials, etching of the MAX phase to MXene clay, exfoliation to MXene nanosheets, and postprocessing of MXenes with Ti3C2Tx as a model species. The major hazards in MXene synthesis are the potential for dust ignition, runaway reactions, and toxic chemical exposure. Because the synthesis of MXenes is a multistep process, safety guidelines for each step are evaluated, including preventive and mitigating measures, best practices, and emergency procedures and responses. This includes handling of combustible powders, exothermic reactions, and harsh chemical etchants. ...
TL;DR: A multiobjective optimization-based computer-aided molecular design (MOO-CAMD) method is developed and used to find a list of Pareto-optimal solvents, and two important solvent properties that determine the extractive distillation efficiency are simultaneously optimized.
Abstract: Extractive distillation is a widely accepted and commercialized process for separating azeotropic mixtures compared to conventional distillation. The search for high-performing solvents, or entrain...
TL;DR: In this paper, the mesoscale simulation method is used to predict the interfacial behaviors of the water/oil systems at different temperatures and salt concentrations in the presence of a nonionic surfactant (hexaethylene glycol monodecyl ether).
Abstract: Multiphase systems and their behaviors/characteristics appear to be crucial in a variety of industries such as the oil and gas sector, pharmaceutical industry, and food industry. In this paper, the mesoscale simulation method is used to predict the interfacial behaviors of the water/oil systems at different temperatures and salt concentrations in the presence of a nonionic surfactant (hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether). Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) is employed to model the interfacial properties (e.g., interfacial density and interfacial tension) and structural properties such as the radius of gyration as a function of water/oil ratio, surfactant concentration, temperature, and salinity of oil/surfactant/water mixtures. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are carried out to estimate the Flory–Huggins chi parameter by means of temperature-dependent solubility parameter and cohesive energy calculations using Monte Carlo (MC) method, which is then utilized as an input for the DPD approach. The DPD...