Showing papers in "International Journal of Medical Microbiology in 2006"

TL;DR: Promising QSI compounds have been shown to make biofilms more susceptible to antimicrobial treatments, and are capable of reducing mortality and virulence as well as promoting clearance of bacteria in experimental animal models of infection.

TL;DR: The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses two N-acyl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing systems that regulate large, overlapping sets of genes and is embedded in a highly interconnected network of other regulatory systems with a high potential for integrating and responding to multiple environmental signals.

TL;DR: It remains to be shown whether QS control in staphylococci represents a promising target for the development of novel antibacterial agents.

TL;DR: The therapeutic use of bacteriophages, possibly in combination with antibiotics, may be a valuable approach but it is also quite clear that the safe and controlled use of phage therapy will require detailed information on the properties and behavior of specific phage-bacterium systems, both in vitro and especially in vivo.

TL;DR: 4Q signalling is not restricted to P. aeruginosa raising the possibility of cross-talk with other related bacterial species which occupy similar ecological niches and also influencing biofilm development and impacting on cellular fitness.

TL;DR: The observation that E. coli and Salmonella evolved quorum-sensing systems primarily involved in interspecies communication may constitute an adaptation to this environment.

TL;DR: Of the five Vibrio strains analysed, the number and types of signal circuits found in each strain are diverse, which may reflect the diverse roles the vibrios have in structuring and maintaining microniches within the aquatic milieu.

TL;DR: It is proposed that, at the low concentrations likely to be found in the environment, the majority of these compounds play important roles in the modulation of metabolic function in natural microbial communities.

TL;DR: The results of both studies show that D. reticulatus presently occurs at far more sites than previously known in Germany and thus most likely has expanded its range.

TL;DR: Results of monitoring of antibiotic usage as medicated feeding stuffs in pig production in the German state Sachsen-Anhalt from October 2000 until March 2002 indicate a change of the prescribing attitude of veterinarians after implementation of the guidelines for prudent antibiotic use.

TL;DR: It is shown that σ B of S. aureus, in contrast to B. subtilis, may have a function in more basic cellular processes such as cell envelope composition, membrane transport processes and intermediary metabolism.

TL;DR: Under nearly all conditions studied, catecholate siderophore production was higher with glycerol than with glucose as the carbon source, and yersiniabactin production being of greater advantage at neutral and slightly alkaline pH values.

TL;DR: In vitro, lasR mutants have a higher probability to escape lytic death in stationary phase under alkaline conditions than has the QS-proficient wild type, raising the question of whether the quorum-sensing machinery can have a negative impact on the organism's fitness.

TL;DR: It is reported that expression of SPI2 genes can be induced independently by two different environmental stimuli and limitation of inorganic phosphate in the growth media led to activation of SPI1 genes in the late exponential growth phase and was independent of the media pH.

TL;DR: Data show that S. agalactiae colonization is common in Germany and strict adherence to the guidelines for the preventions of GBS disease will result in peripartal antibiotic prophylaxis in up to 20% of all deliveries.

TL;DR: All Burkholderia species investigated so far employ quorum-sensing (QS) systems that rely on N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) signal molecules to express certain phenotypic traits in a population density-dependent manner, and these regulatory systems represent attractive targets for the development of novel therapeutics.

TL;DR: The results show that CodY and RelA did not affect the expression of each other but that both exhibited strong negative autoregulatory properties, and implicates CodY in growth phase-dependent positive transcriptional regulation of pel/sagA and mga, loci that themselves positively affect theexpression of numerous virulence factors.

TL;DR: The autotransporter family of translocated proteins in Gram-negative bacteria all contain three structural motifs, a signal sequence, a passenger domain and a translocator domain, which constitute a highly versatile group of proteins with respect to function, which accords with the widespread presence of these proteins.

TL;DR: It is concluded that (i) PIA synthesis alone is not sufficient to produce a biofilm and (ii) staphylococci can also form aBiofilm without producing PIA.

TL;DR: Tick-borne viruses, tick-borne encephalitis, Tribec and Eyach, and the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were investigated in the Sumava and Krkonose Mountains (Czech Republic) and some nymphs carried multiple Bor Relia infections.

TL;DR: The phenotypes expressed by null mutant and revertant strains of CaPLB5 indicate that this lipid hydrolase plays an important role for cell-associated phospholipase A(2) activity and in vivo organ colonization.

TL;DR: Stool antigen assays and detection of antibodies in serum are reliable methods to distinguish between carriers of E. histolytica and E. dispar from non-endemic countries and the high specificity of serology can be used to establish the diagnosis of E.'s histolyTica infection if antibodies are present.

TL;DR: Comparative biology should support genetic data in taxonomic studies of both B. divergens and B. microti, as it remains to be determined whether this is sufficient to accord them separate species status.

TL;DR: The results of this study indicate that the B. microti commonly encountered among Microtus spp.

TL;DR: Enterohemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains carry a pathogenicity island termed locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), and it is demonstrated that the LEE expression can be turned on by at least two separate pathways acting on the transcription of ler.

TL;DR: BDUs impregnated by the polymer-coating method were found to be effective throughout the lifetime of the uniform, ensuring protection of soldiers in the field from arthropod vectors, while simultaneously decreasing logistical constraints and occupational health threats.

TL;DR: By the example of environmental monitoring, some applications of geographic information systems, geostatistics, metadata banking, and Classification and Regression Trees (CART) are presented and a corresponding strategy for the detection of vector hot spots in medical epidemiology is recommended.

TL;DR: Using nested RT-PCR, it is demonstrated that the prevalence of TBE virus (TBEV) in ticks removed from humans was significantly higher than in unfed, free-living Ixodes ricinus of the same area.

TL;DR: A multiplex PCR was developed for simultaneous detection of the cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes of Campylobacter jejuni and it was found to be rapid and specific.

TL;DR: The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia due to Chlamydia pneumoniae was determined in a prospective study of 546 adult patients included in the German CAP Competence Network (CAPNETZ) project.