Showing papers in "International Journal of Medical Microbiology in 2018"

TL;DR: Recent findings on the role of phosphoinositides, small and large GTPases as well as ER dynamics for pathogen vacuole formation and intracellular replication of L. pneumophila are reviewed.

TL;DR: ESBL-PE sepsis was predicted by admission at ICU and ES BL-PE colonization and Neonates infected with ESBL- PE had significantly high mortality.

TL;DR: A first comparative analysis of 58 diverse skin- or implant-isolates covering all six C. acnes phylotypes suggests that biofilm formation correlates with the phylotype, rather than the anatomical isolation site, and that extracellular DNA and proteins are critical for adhesion to abiotic surfaces.

TL;DR: A better understanding of the factors responsible for the emergence of potentially dangerous STEC pathogens as well as of extensive and serious disease associated with them can enhance public health strategies to respond to them.

TL;DR: A high percentage of patients with persistent S. aureus infection were determined to have younger and had better lung function compared to the other two groups, and adaptive phenotypes during long-term persistence was high for SCVs, but low for mucoid isolates, which might be underestimated forMucoid phenotypes due to the retrospective study design and the difficulty to detect mucoids isolates in primary cultures.

TL;DR: The proinflammatory and immunomodulatory capacities of EHEC O157 OMVs have pathogenetic implications and support the OMVs as suitable vaccine candidates.

TL;DR: It is found that amyloid-forming capacity of PSMalpha3 allows almost no amino acid exchanges, suggesting importance of amyloids formation in possibly yet unknown functions of PSMs, as well as explaining previous findings on PSM-mediated biofilm stability without the necessity to assume amyloidal involvement.

TL;DR: This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the microbiome restoration strategies and safety issues on how these strategies are regulated.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the Stx glycosphingolipid receptors and their lipid membrane ensemble in primary human brain microvascular endothelial cells (pHBMECs) and primary human renal glomerular endothelial Cells (pHRGECs).

TL;DR: The PCR method, which is based on the uniqueness of selected GPI protein-encoding genes, is useful for easy, low-cost, and accurate identification of C. auris infections in a clinical setting.

TL;DR: It is emphasized the importance to have an action plan to control the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance in S. Choleraesuis since this poses a threat to global health due to travel and trade in animal food products.

TL;DR: The data show that a greater number and a wider range of STEC serotypes are detected by culture-independent testing, with implications for public health services.

TL;DR: The pioneer as well as the most recent findings on the molecular mechanisms regulating apical organelle and dense granule biogenesis are reported and portrays the parasite as a remarkable secretory machine that has efficiently remodeled its trafficking system to adapt to an intracellular lifestyle.

TL;DR: Results may have been compromised by misclassification of cases due to a recall bias and mild symptoms, and recommend re-emphasizing the risk of raw milk consumption to providers.

TL;DR: This study found an emergence of C. difficile RT078 in Czech piglets that was related genetically to C.difficileRT078 from Germany, Japan and Taiwan.

TL;DR: STEC/ExPEC hybrid pathotypes such as STEC O80:H2 represent a therapeutical challenge in the event of extraintestinal infection.

TL;DR: Outside membrane vesicles derived from flagellin-deficient Salmonella Typhimurium could function as adjuvants and invoke stronger humoral, cellular, mucosal, and cross-protective immune responses compared to conventional aluminum.

TL;DR: It was demonstrated from results that SEl26 and SEl27 were characterized to be two novel SE toxins and some SEs evolved along with the bacteria when the organisms adapted the hosts' immune systems.

TL;DR: Improved understanding of relevant bacterial virulence factors and triggered host immune responses is required to help developing novel antipathogenic treatment strategies and pathogen specific diagnostic markers infective endocarditis.

TL;DR: Most strains showed almost no resistance to commonly used antibiotics that are suspected to play a major role in the development of C. difficile infection, despite frequent use of these antibiotics in Lebanon, suggesting the role of antimicrobial resistance as a major driving force for infection development remains uncertain.

TL;DR: Genotypic and phenotypic divergence among clinical S. Typhimurium strains isolated from systemic and non-systemic sites from human patients in Brazil is determined and a subset of epidemiologically diverse human clinical strain recovered from systemic sites in Brazil show significantly higher intra-macrophage survival, indicating that this subset is likely more invasive.

TL;DR: The time-to-result using an automated DNA extraction device for respiratory specimens followed by multiplex RT-PCR detection was below 4 h, which is expected to significantly improve diagnostics for atypical pneumonia-associated bacterial pathogens.

TL;DR: The results of this study allowed to extend the range of detectable pathogens independently of the clinical suspicion, to detect co-infections in almost one third of children positive for at least one agent and to show that conventional methods would have missed more than half of the enteric agents detected by the FA-GP.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge about known bacterial allergens, and it provides an overview of the available techniques for the discovery of new allergens as well as for measuring the immune responses directed against them.

TL;DR: It is concluded that S. aureus, including CA-MRSA strains, can remain persistently in the throat, finding a wide variability among the persistent strains.

TL;DR: This review article demonstrates that the proteomic view of physiology and pathophysiology of S. aureus unveils cellular processes in an unprecedented manner and can visualize the perception of the pathogen by the immune system and host defense mechanisms and may pave the way to the development of new vaccination approaches, which are urgently required.

TL;DR: Overall, extraintestinal E. coli virulence seems to rely on a combination of numerous virulence genes that have a cumulative effect depending on the infection site.

TL;DR: There exists no common mechanism, which mediates integrin α5β1-dependent H. pylori-triggered CagA translocation and the activation of NF-κB, and adhesin HopQ, which binds to a specific subset of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs), promotes canonical NF-σB activation in AGS and NCI-N87 cells, but not in HeLa cells, which are

TL;DR: Comparison of predation resistance of STEC strains isolated from asymptomatic infected cows and human patients finds that STEC O157:H7 progenitor lineages and clades are more effective than human associated ones at killing the types of protist predators.

TL;DR: It is suggested that pnHUS can be associated with dramatic, transient complement consumption early in the course of the disease, probably via the alternative pathway, and a new, integrated model is evolving, which may include short-term therapeutic complement blockade.