Showing papers in "Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology in 1999"

TL;DR: The family of 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinases (RSK; also known as p90rsk or MAPK-activated protein kinase-1, MAPKAP-K1), which were among the first substrates of ERK to be discovered and which has proven to be a ubiquitous and versatile mediator ofERK signal transduction are described.

TL;DR: Three monodeiodinase isoenzymes which are involved in activation the 'prohormone' L-thyroxine, the main secretory product of the thyroid gland, have been identified, characterized, and cloned and appear to constitute a newly discovered family of selenocysteine-containing proteins.

TL;DR: Estrogen and androgen induction of VEGF expression and promotion of new vessel formation may be an important paracrine mechanism by which these hormones contribute to the early phase of tumor growth of hormonal cancer.

TL;DR: Estrogen is clearly an important and probably obligatory regulator of folliculogenesis, especially in the post antral stage, although the contribution of estrogen in this model is not so clear given that FSH also stimulates cyclin D2.

TL;DR: Applying novel biochemical and molecular biological methods interesting insights into receptor structure/function relationships became available and have a significant impact on the understanding of the molecular basis of human diseases and may eventually lead to novel therapeutic strategies.

TL;DR: The GDF-9 protein is highly expressed in the oocytes of primary follicles of rat ovaries suggesting that it plays a role mainly in early folliculogenesis and the full-length polypeptide sequence of G DF-9B suggests that this novel TGF-beta family member is likely to be a secreted growth factor that may regulate follicULogenesis at similar developmental stages as GDF -9.

TL;DR: This study reviews the emerging data in this quickly growing field to determine how bone formation and turnover is physiologically regulated and co-ordinated to ensure that skeletal development and growth progresses correctly.

TL;DR: It is proposed that at least part of the mechanism by which the AHR/ARNT complex inhibits estrogen action is by competitively inhibiting ER alpha binding to imperfect ERE sites, adjacent to or overlapping XREs.

TL;DR: It is concluded that while cAMP is a second messenger for LH/ACTH in the control of steroidogenesis, other signalling systems exist which are potentially equally effective in controlling steroidogenesis.

TL;DR: Compared GH-induced SOCS gene expression in wild-type and STAT5b-deficient mice is compared, and it is shown that STAT55b is required for the induction of SOCS-2 and SOCs-3 in liver, and both tissue- and factor-specific differences in the regulation of SOCs gene expression by STAT5a/b are highlighted.

TL;DR: Compared with adults, plasma T3 concentrations in the human fetus are decreased, whereas levels of rT3 and the different iodothyronine sulfates, T4S, T3S, rT 3S and 3,3'-T2S, are increased.

TL;DR: The recent progress in defining the cellular mechanisms that regulate transcription of these two isozymes and thus the capacity of the adrenal gland to differentially produce aldosterone and cortisol is discussed.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that MPA is an AR agonist and suggest that the in vivo effects of MPA in breast cancer patients may in part be mediated by the AR.

TL;DR: The data suggest that ischaemia, acting partly through increased expression of C/EBP transactivators, increases expression of urocortin mRNA, which is rapidly translated to the mature form and exerts autocrine/paracrine protective effects through the cardiac CRH-R2 receptor which preferentially binds urocortsin.

TL;DR: The results imply that pituitary GH expression is regulated by negative feed-back controls as occurs in other vertebrate systems.

TL;DR: The expression of mt1 and MT2 receptor mRNA in HG cells and the reported presence of melatonin in human follicular fluid indicate a potentially important role for this hormone in regulating human ovarian and reproductive function.

TL;DR: A potential role of mdFTZ-F1 in the transcriptional regulation of P-450arom in the ovarian follicle of medaka is suggested and transfection assays suggest a potential transcriptional regulatory activity of MDFTZ -F1 upon the medaka P- 450arom promoter.

TL;DR: Results suggest that VEGF participates in the OP-1-induced osteogenesis by taking part in bone cell differentiation and by promoting angiogenesis at the site of bone formation.

TL;DR: The predominance of ERβ over ERα in the ovary and the regulation of ER β mRNA expression during ovarian development, is consistent with an important biological role for ERβ in granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation.

TL;DR: It is concluded that hCG and LH can increase the morphological as well as functional differentiation of human endometrial stromal cells into decidua, one of the newly discovered actions of LH and hCG that may be important for the implantation of blastocyst and maintenance of pregnancy.

TL;DR: It is shown that some differences exist between breast and endometrial cancer cell lines at the level of estrogen receptor transcription cofactor expression, and it is demonstrated that RIP140 mRNA is directly induced by estrogens in ER-positive MCF7 breast cancer cell Lines but not in Ishikawa endometricrial cells.

TL;DR: The available information concerning the regulation of StAR mRNA levels is summarized including promoter mapping and transactivation studies, and models of how StAR transcription may be regulated are proposed.

TL;DR: The review considers the evidence that leptin has an important function to modulate maternal nutrient partitioning in order to optimise the provision of nutrients for fetal growth and development and describes emerging evidence for participation of leptin in lactation and neonatal growth.

TL;DR: Components of the ubiquitin system appear to be involved in different steps and processes during gametogenesis, including control of meiosis, and reorganization of chromatin structure.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that the TOR proteins function in a signal transduction pathway that coordinates nutritional and mitogenic signals to control protein biosynthesis and degradation.

TL;DR: These data are the first to show an effect of PRL on mammary TJ formation and the expression of TJ proteins, and confirm the TJ-stimulating effects of glucocorticoids that have been reported previously.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that the expression of PPARbeta is associated with squamous differentiation suggesting a regulatory role for this receptor in the control of specific genes during this differentiation process.

TL;DR: The homologue of the Drosophila E75 early ecdysone inducible gene in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti is identified and in vitro fat body culture experiments demonstrate that AaE75 isoforms are induced by 20-hydroxyecdysone, an active ecdysteroid in the mosquito.

TL;DR: The differential display of mRNAs technique was used to identify Choristoneura fumiferana genes that are induced by juvenile hormone I (JH I) and this 2.8-kb cDNA clone showed similarity with the deduced amino acid sequences of Heliothis virescens juvenile hormone esterases (HvJHE).

TL;DR: The results suggest that both IGF-I and IGF-II are involved in the maturation of bony fish oocytes and in follicle development in a paracrine/autocrine manner.