Showing papers in "Molecular Immunology in 2015"

TL;DR: Bispecific antibodies are on the cusp of coming of age as therapeutics more than half a century after they were first described and provide great opportunity to tailor the design of bispecific antibody to match the proposed mechanisms of action and the intended clinical application.

TL;DR: A classification of porcine dendritic cell subsets in the skin corresponding to the subsets described in the human skin is proposed and CD209 and CD14 could represent markers of inflammatory monocyte-derived cells, either d endritic cells or macrophages.

TL;DR: The major structural properties that vary across subclasses are outlined, how these properties affect functional immunity, and the various approaches used to study subclass responses to infectious diseases are discussed.

TL;DR: The evidences for cells and molecules that govern the migration of these cells in mice in vivo are described and only cell populations with enriched mast cell capability have been described in human.

TL;DR: This update on atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome review the clinical characteristics; the genetic and acquired drivers of disease; the broad spectrum of environmental triggers; and current diagnosis and treatment options.

TL;DR: A comprehensive literature search is performed on the data available through PubMed, Medline, Scopus, the ClinicalTrials.gov registry, and abstracts from major oncology meetings in order to summarize the clinical data of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies.

TL;DR: Antibody-based imaging probes are seeing new applications in detection and quantitation of cell surface biomarkers, imaging specific responses to targeted therapies, and monitoring immune responses in oncology and other diseases.

TL;DR: How aerobic glyCOlysis supports the biosynthetic demands of activated T cells, B cells and Natural Killer cells, and the emerging concept that glycolysis is integrally linked to the differentiation and function of these lymphocyte populations are discussed.

TL;DR: This review will examine some of the key roles of mast cells in tumor immunity, with a focus on potential immunotherapeutic interventions that harness the sentinel role ofmast cells.

TL;DR: It is discovered that both BCG and β-glucan induce epigenetic reprogramming, in particular stable changes in histone trimethylation at H3K4, which leads to cellular activation, enhanced cytokine production and a change in the metabolic state of the cell with a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis.

TL;DR: The present knowledge of epigenetic involvement, mainly the DNA methylation, chromatin modifications and miRNA deregulation is surveyed and an integrated approach considering genetic and epigenetic anomalies in the light of immunological network may explore the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

TL;DR: Tumor targeted antibodies can be conjugated to chemo- or radiotherapeutic agents, or catalytic toxins, as a means to deliver toxic payloads to cancer cells.

TL;DR: A clearer understanding of the role of the complement system in both normal pregnancy and complicated or failed pregnancy will allow a rational approach to future therapeutic strategies for manipulating complement with the goal of mitigating adverse pregnancy outcomes, preserving host defense, and improving long term outcomes for both mother and child.

TL;DR: The results indicate that miR-223 could downregulate NLRP3 to inhibit inflammation through caspase-1 and IL-1β, reduce brain edema and improve neurological functions, and offers a new therapeutical strategy following ICH.

TL;DR: Evidence for the central role played by complement dysregulation in age-related macular degeneration is discussed in this review.

TL;DR: The design, development and future of antibody-based drugs that enhance or dampen the complement system are reviewed.

TL;DR: Serum tryptase determination contributes to the diagnosis or monitoring of mast cell disorders including mast cell activation - induced anaphylaxis, mastocytosis and a number of myeloproliferative conditions with mast cell lineage involvement.

TL;DR: Horses naturally suffer from an asthma-like condition called "heaves" which presents sticking similarities with human asthma, which makes heaves an ideal model for the discovery of novel pathways implicated in the asthmatic inflammation and associated tissue remodeling.

TL;DR: Consistent with the cell cycle independent mechanism of action of the calicheamicin payload, high rates of complete responses were observed in less aggressive forms of lymphomas, including follicular lymphoma and relapsed, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

TL;DR: IL-33 appears to be a double-edged sword because, in addition to its important contribution to host defence, it exacerbates allergic responses, such as allergic rhinitis and asthma.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that HDAC11 appears to function as a negative regulator of MDSC expansion/function in vivo, and rational development of targeted epigenetic modifiers may allow us to thwart a powerful barrier to efficacious immunotherapies.

TL;DR: The origins and development of adoptive immunotherapy utilizing TILs leading to genetic modification strategies to redirect T cells to cancer are outlined and potential hurdles and novel strategies will be discussed for realizing the full potential of adoptive Immunotherapy becoming a standard of care treatment for cancer.

TL;DR: Observations support the concept that complement is an important participant in lipid metabolism and in obesity, contributing to the metabolic syndrome and to the low-grade inflammation associated with obesity.

TL;DR: The severe course of disease in some patients seemed to be mostly due to severe infections at early ages and not in particular due to more aggressive SLE manifestations, although arthritis and neurological manifestations were found to occur similarly frequent.

TL;DR: The capacity of TLR co-receptors to bind different microbial and endogenous ligands and to integrate TLR functions inducing specific signaling modules is discussed.

TL;DR: It is abundantly clear that understanding the mast cell-mediated mechanisms underlying protective and maladaptive pain cascades will lead to improved understanding of mast cell biology as well as the development of novel, targeted therapies for the treatment and management of debilitating pain conditions.

TL;DR: It is shown that MR1-restricted MAIT cells display ligand discrimination and pathogen selectivity through distinct T cell receptor usage through distinctT cell receptors usage.

TL;DR: It is concluded that BBR plays a regulatory role in modulating the balance of immune responses in TNBS-induced colitis, and will help to understand the regulatory mechanisms exerted by BBR in the treatment of IBD.

TL;DR: The challenge is to define the actual cause of the diverse glomerular changes or damages, to define how C3 deposition results in the reported glomersular changes, the location of the cell damage and the formation of deposits.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that CVP can bind and induce B cell activation using membrane Ig and TLR-4 as potential immune receptors and activates mouse B cells through the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.