Showing papers in "Molecular Medicine Today in 2000"

TL;DR: Molecular genetic approaches have revealed hypoxia-induced coordinated upregulation of glycolysis, a potentially important mechanism for establishing the metabolic phenotype of tumours, and opening up new opportunities for therapy.

TL;DR: Based on studies in animal models implicating MMP activity in cancer, synthetic MMP inhibitors are currently being tested in a clinical setting.

TL;DR: This work uses selected examples to illustrate the influence of the microenvironment in the evolution of the malignant phenotype and discusses recent studies that suggest novel therapeutic interventions might be derived from focusing on microenvironment and tumor cells interactions.

TL;DR: Different mechanisms of action of oligonucleotides are discussed and the possible ways of minimizing non-antisense-related [corrected] effects to improve their specificity are discussed.

TL;DR: The role of NF-κB in chronic inflammation was discussed in this paper, where the authors discussed the feasibility of therapeutic approaches based on specific suppression of the nuclear factor κB pathway.

TL;DR: The first drug of this class to enter clinical testing, tirapazamine, is showing considerable promise as mentioned in this paper, and the second way to exploit hypoxia is to take advantage of the selective induction of the HIF-1 under hypoxic conditions; gene therapy strategies based on this are in development.

TL;DR: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and neuritis are focused on as models in rat and mouse strains, and their distinct histopathology and the roles played by different autoantigens are discussed.

TL;DR: This review examines a number of long-standing concerns regarding the utility of AAV for gene transfer in light of many new insights into the biology, immunology and production of A AV.

TL;DR: Members of the PI3-kinase family and related kinases, their mechanism of activation and the cellular events that they influence are described in this review, which suggests that selective inhibition with acceptable toxicity might be possible.

TL;DR: Over the past six years there has been intensive investigation into the biological effects of eotaxin and its role in specific disease processes and this is the subject of this review.

TL;DR: Superantigens are powerful microbial toxins that activate the immune system by binding to class II major histocompatibility complex and T-cell receptor molecules, providing a rich insight into the constant battle between microbes and the immuneSystem.

TL;DR: The mutation spectrum implicated in tumorigenesis and its correlation with disease phenotype is well characterized and has contributed to the understanding of important functional domains in APC, suggesting that it may possess a nuclear role.

TL;DR: Aquaporins are likely to prove central to the pathophysiology of a variety of clinical conditions from diabetes insipidus to various forms of edema and, ultimately, they could be a target for therapy in diseases of altered water homeostasis.

TL;DR: In this paper, the folding and assembly of HLA-B27 are discussed, and consequences of misfolding are discussed for the pathogenesis of spondyloarthropathies.

TL;DR: Abnormal expression of adhesion receptors and dysregulated intercellular communication appears to drive tumor development and progression.

TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of bacterial vaccine vectors, and to discuss the future prospects of these vaccine delivery systems.

TL;DR: Recent advances in the understanding of mtDNA disease are described and ways that this knowledge might lead to novel therapies in the future are highlighted.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review strategies designed to exploit recent advances in molecular biology, including recombinant DNA technology, molecular modelling and genomics to develop new antibacterial agents that overcome antibiotic resistance.

TL;DR: Human atherosclerosis has many characteristics of an inflammatory disorder and mast cells can modulate coronary artery disease by both facilitatory and inhibitory pathways.

TL;DR: As RAS oncoproteins play a major role in human malignancy, inhibiting RAS function is a promising approach for developing anticancer therapies and agents such as farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) and the nontoxicFarnesylcysteine analoguefarnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS) are being developed.

TL;DR: The lesions are infiltrated with CD4 1 T cells, eosinophils, mast cells and macrophages; numbers of dermal dendritic cells and epidermal Langerhans’ cells are also increased at these sites.

TL;DR: This review outlines some of the most promising genotyping methods developed using electrospray and matrix-assisted laser-desorption-ionization mass spectrometry.

TL;DR: In this paper, the molecular mechanisms of two forms of hormonogenesis defects (iodine transport defects and Pendred syndrome) were elucidated, and the latter is usually associated with goiter.

TL;DR: The fragile X story provides a sobering example of how much time and effort might be necessary to develop beneficial treatment through understanding gene function.

TL;DR: Biological agents that inhibit the activity of proinflammatory cytokines are being investigated for use in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and might help slow or prevent disease progression and joint destruction.

TL;DR: Enhanced understanding of molecular abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus reflect disordered biochemical and molecular functions that might be determined genetically, and should enable development of new, effective therapeutic agents in the near future.

TL;DR: A major hurdle in defining the pathogenic mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease is to understand how both amyloid beta-peptide deposition and paired helical filament formation are biochemically linked.

TL;DR: Enzyme replacement strategies hold the greatest hope for patients currently affected by GSD-II, but future strategies could include in vivo or ex vivo gene therapy approaches and/or mesenchymal stem cell or bone-marrow transplantation approaches.

TL;DR: The accumulation of highly insoluble intracellular protein aggregates in neuronal inclusions is a hallmark of Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease as well as several other late-onset neurodegenerative disorders as mentioned in this paper.