Showing papers in "Neuroscience Letters in 2012"

TL;DR: The body of work reviewed indicates that expectancies shape pain-intensity processing in the central nervous system, with strong effects on nociceptive portions of insula, cingulate and thalamus and regions less reliably activated by changes in noxious input.

TL;DR: Surprisingly, transcranial direct current stimulation was uniformly beneficial across site and WM task, but only in older adults with more education, and in the less educated group, tDCS provided no benefit to verbal or visual WM performance.

TL;DR: Converging lines of neuroimaging evidence reveal that mindfulness meditation-related pain relief is associated with unique appraisal cognitive processes depending on expertise level and meditation tradition, and it is postulated that mindfulness Meditation- related pain relief may share a common final pathway with other cognitive techniques in the modulation of pain.

TL;DR: A general concept of the dynamic interplay between anatomy and function as the brain progresses into persistent pain is developed, and the role of mesolimbic learning mechanisms that are likely involved in maintenance of chronic pain are outlined.

TL;DR: A prosthesis with a feedback function appears to be a promising therapeutic tool to reduce phantom limb pain and to increase functionality in everyday tasks.

TL;DR: In this paper, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and histological analysis of a model of mild repetitive closed-skull brain injury in mouse was used to detect axonal injury.

TL;DR: Recent reports on acellular tissue grafts, collagen, hyaluronan, fibrin, and agarose in their use to repair the nervous system are reviewed.

TL;DR: A gene therapy approach using a mini-dystrophin transferred in adeno-associated virus (AAV) and suppression of stop codons to promote readthrough of the DMD gene to increase the size and strength of the muscle is completed.

TL;DR: The evaluation model for driver fatigue is established with the regression equation based on the EEG data from two significant electrodes and the experimental results verify that the model is effective in evaluating driver fatigue.

TL;DR: The findings show how the dopaminergic system exerts influences on widespread brain networks, including motor and cognitive networks, in PD, and is more deviant in more severe disease.

TL;DR: It is suggested that dantrolene significantly improves cognition in a murine model of Alzheimer's disease and is associated with a reduction in amyloid plaque burden, forming the basis for a novel therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease.

TL;DR: This is the first study showing that basal BDNF levels are inversely correlated with cardiorespiratory fitness levels but that the inverse correlations turn into positive correlations with all circulatingBDNF levels immediately after the exercise.

TL;DR: The results support the notion that tDCS effects on working memory might be mediated by a specific effect on selective attention, which is dependent on modulation of specific aspects of working memory.

TL;DR: It is inferred the incapable DLPFC failed to exert influence on amygdala, and finally lead to enhanced amygdala-ACC and ACC-DLPFC bottom-up effects, which was supposed to be responsible for the dysfunction in MDD when dealing with emotional stimuli.

TL;DR: Function and histomorphometric analysis was used to evaluate 3-month regeneration of the novel cell-supplemented tissue-engineered nerve graft used to bridge a 15-mm-long sciatic nerve gap in rats and found nerve regeneration with BMSC-SCs or ADSC- SCs was comparable to that with autografting and Schwann cells alone and better than that with acellular nerve allografts alone.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identify Telocytes (TCs) in rat meninges and choroid plexus/subventricular zone, in the vicinity of putative stem cells.

TL;DR: The Multi-Source Interference Task (MSIT) was utilized during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in chronic, heavy MJ smokers and healthy non-MJ smoking controls which revealed a more focal pattern of anterior cingulate activity in controls relative to smokers.

TL;DR: Changes in the temporal structure correspond well with the theoretical model of the optimal movement variability hypothesis and the results support using variability measures to understand the mechanisms that underline postural control in PwMS and possibly other neurodegenerative disease pathologies.

TL;DR: Functional integrity of the motor system as a cortico-striatal circuit with particular clinical relevance in HD is assessed to suggest a relation to early structural brain changes in prodromal-HD.

TL;DR: Measurements by a photomultiplier tube support Bókkon's hypothesis that specific visual imagery is strongly correlated with ultraweak photon emission coupled to brain activity.

TL;DR: The data point to an enhanced food cue reactivity and a more effortful strategy for appetite control in obese individuals.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the active constituents of C. Sativus L. crocins might play a role in compulsive behavior and support a functional interaction between croCins and the serotonergic system.

TL;DR: Results revealed a recognition memory deficit that was significant up to at least 13 weeks post-TBI, and minocycline was able to attenuate the memory impairment in an effective and lasting manner, highlighting its therapeutic potential in TBI.

TL;DR: The corticoreticular pathway, which originated from the premotor cortex, descended through the corona radiata and the posterior limb of the internal capsule anterior to the corticospinal tract, and terminated at the pontomedullary reticular formation.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the expression of synaptic proteins is altered in the PFC of patients suffering from these disorders and that, particularly in schizophrenia, abnormal PSA-NCAM and GAD67 expression may underlie the alterations observed in inhibitory neurotransmission.

TL;DR: In response to food images compared to non-food images, both the AN group and BN group demonstrated increased activity in the left anterior insula, which may contribute to the different clinical features of AN and Bn.

TL;DR: Emotional aspects of pain may be effectively alleviated by tDCS of the left DLPFC as was shown not only by subjective evaluation, but also by objective observation of cerebral neural activity.

TL;DR: An early activation of endothelial and parenchymal cells apoptosis and neuronal necrosis after SAH is demonstrated and endpoints that can be targeted to reduce early brain injury after SAh are identified.

TL;DR: The fatigued group exhibited significantly reduced P600 amplitudes and delayed P600 latencies in the post-Viewing condition compared to those in the pre-viewing condition.

TL;DR: The results suggest thatmiR-144/144* and miR-16 may constitute a part of an integrated response to naturalistic stressors in healthy young adults.