Showing papers in "Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors in 2007"

TL;DR: Gerya et al. as mentioned in this paper extended their previous 2D marker-in-cell method to include the effects of visco-elasto-plastic rheology, self-gravitation and a self-consistently derived evolving curvilinear planetary surface.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed recordings of teleseismic earthquakes from 25 temporary broadband seismic stations and one permanent station using the receiver function method and found that the crustal thickness decreases gradually from the Tibetan Plateau proper to the Sichuan basin and Yangtze platform but that significant (intra-)crustal heterogeneity exists on shorter lateral scales.

TL;DR: In this article, a mathematical formulation for mantle convection is proposed to deal with the viscoelastic-plastic rheology of the cool parts of the lithosphere.

TL;DR: In this article, the theory of the electrical and thermal conductivities of iron alloy at high pressure is re-examined, with a downward revision of the estimated thermal conductivity of the core to 28 −29 Wm −1 ǫ K −1, almost uniform throughout.

TL;DR: In this article, a 400 km-long wide-angle seismic profile in the South China cross three tectonic domains: southeast continental margin of Yangtze block, northwest continental margins of Cathaysia block, and South China Suture Zone separating these two blocks.

TL;DR: In this article, a coupled petrological-thermomechanical model of subduction with spontaneous slab bending is used to investigate magmatic productivity at active continental margins, and the model is designed to simulate fossil Pacific-type margins that have a broad well-developed forearc accretionary wedge system.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors employed finite differences and marker-in-cell techniques to carry out a 2D modeling study of intrusion of partly crystallized ultramafic magma from sublithospheric depth to the crust through a pre-existing magmatic channel.

TL;DR: In this article, a probabilistic forecast of tsunami hazard (PFTH) method was proposed to determine the probability distribution of tsunami waves in the South China Sea by direct numerical simulation of the waves excited by hypothetical earthquakes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a solution to the full dynamo equations with lateral variations in heat flux on the outer boundary defined by the shear wave velocity of the lowermost mantle.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of latent heat on phase boundaries are considered in a mantle flow model and resulting changes in dynamic topography and topography of phase boundaries were computed, showing that the model implemented here is applicable to the Earth, but that other effects need to be considered as well to fully explain phase boundary and dynamic surface topographies.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered the problem of self-consistent dynamo equations driven by thermal convection in a Boussinesq fluid and found a nearly steady solution locked to the tomographic boundary condition that bears a remarkable resemblance to the present day field.

TL;DR: In this article, an updated version of the teleseismic tomographic method is applied to 7176 high-quality first P-wave arrivals from four combined seismic networks to determine the detailed deep structure under the central Tien Shan.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used synchrotron X-ray diffraction to monitor coexisting metal and sulfide at high pressures and temperatures, during laser heating in a diamond anvil cell.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determined 3D P-wave velocity structure down to 700 km depth under the Japan Islands using a large number of arrival time data from local and teleseismic events simultaneously.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a conceptual model to interpret the temporal and spatial patterns of the observed seismicity, and detected intense long-period (LP) activity for about 1 week.

TL;DR: In this paper, a fully flexible ionic interaction model (Aspherical Ion Model, AIM) is presented and applied to various relevant minerals and melts of the Ca-Mg-Al-Si-O (CMAS) system.

TL;DR: In this article, single-crystal elastic moduli were calculated using the measured velocities of sound and an independent measurement of the volume thermal expansion, which is the highest temperature at which the complete single-dimensional elastic modulus tensor of orthoenstatite has been measured.

TL;DR: The Portable Extensible Toolkit for Scientific Computation (PETSc) as discussed by the authors can facilitate the development of geodynamics simulations, which are characterized by rheological nonlinearity, localization, three-dimensional effects, and separate but interacting length scales.

TL;DR: In this paper, phase relations in Mg 0.5 Fe 0.75 SiO 3 were investigated in a pressure range from 72 to 123 GPa on the basis of synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements in situ at high pressure and -temperature in a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell (LHDAC).

TL;DR: A FEM formulation of the level set method is used to model geological problems involving interface propagation, namely mantel plumes evolution, and the growth of lava domes, focusing on a Rayleigh-Taylor instability.

TL;DR: In this paper, the phase boundary of the post-perovskite transition in CaRuO 3 was determined as P ǫ(GPa) = 0.010 −1.010 × T −1 −12.4.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the linear stability of a solidification front under very unusual conditions, pointing out the destabilizing role of the thermal and solutal fields, and the stabilising role of pressure gradient.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used numerical dynamos driven by heterogeneous boundary heat flux, and found that time average surface flows obey a simple thermal wind equilibrium between the Coriolis and buoyancy forces, the Lorentz, inertial and viscous forces playing only a secondary role.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of a high-order explosive (penthrite) on the natural remanent magnetization and the intrinsic magnetic properties of geological materials remain poorly known; however, hypervelocity impact phenomena are of primary importance in the evolution of many extraterrestrial bodies and of Earth.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of yield stress, plate age and surface boundary condition (free-slip versus given plate velocity) on the stress development in and around a subducting slab and on the deformation of the plate in the transition zone were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the elasticity of the face centred cubic (fcc) phase of iron-nickel Fe0.78Ni0.22 alloy was investigated using inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) and Xray powder diffraction.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the limitations and deficiencies of the current British archaeomagnetic calibration curve and applied several mathematical approaches in an attempt to produce an improved secular variation curve for the UK for use in archaeological dating.

TL;DR: In this article, the activation volumes of diffusion of trace elements (Ni, Mn) in olivine were determined from diffusion anneals carried out using oriented single crystals in multianvil presses.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors applied an integrated receiver function imaging technique to the teleseismic data from 54 NCISP-III broadband seismic stations to study the fine-scale crustal structure beneath the eastern Yanshan belt (YSB) and adjacent areas at the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an update, for years 2003 and 2004, of the European Mediterranean Regional Centroid Moment Tensor (RCMT) catalog that they maintain since 1997, relating to moderate-magnitude (4.5 ≤ M 5.5 ) earthquakes.