Showing papers in "Physiology & Behavior in 1982"

TL;DR: Changes in the shape of food led to a specific decrease in the pleasantness of the shape eaten and to a significant enhancement of food intake when three shapes were offered compared with intake of the subject's favorite shape.

TL;DR: Rat fetuses exposed to an odor stimulus on day 20 of gestation via amniotic injection and then injected with LiCl and 10 day old pups trained to approach an anesthetized dam in a runway for suckling reinforcement indicate that the fetal rat is capable of odor aversion learning.

TL;DR: Data show that rat fetuses at 20 days of gestation are capable of associative learning which can be demonstrated more than two weeks postnatally.

TL;DR: This is the first report of the satiety effect of CCK-8 in obese humans and it suggests that the therapeutic potential of CCk-8 for the treatment of obesity deserves investigation.

TL;DR: In this article, four experiments were conducted to determine the chemosensory modality that supports ultrasonic courtship vocalizations by male mice to females and to chemosignals from females.

TL;DR: The increase in social interactions is apparently not due to a general increase in locomotor or exploratory behavior, since no differences in ambulation between individually- and group-housed animals were observed when they were tested together in the social interaction test, and locomotor activities hardly differed in an open field test procedure.

TL;DR: It is suggested that naloxone suppresses drinking behavior due to alterations in taste perception after a 15-hour deprivation of tap water following a 15 hour deprivation of heroin.

TL;DR: The replacement of sucrose by aspartame tended to curb the weight gain observed on the baseline diet and show a shift in either sweetened or unsweetened food choices while their diet was being diluted.

TL;DR: While amnesia produced by the conventional procedure remained stable for 6 days, the amnesia induced following reactivation treatment spontaneously recovered 4 days after training, and the temporal gradient of effectiveness of amnesia production by ANI was significantly steeper following reactivating treatment than it was following initial training.

TL;DR: Differences between the 2 selected lines were not generally found in unstressed rats or in “high-stress” (ether, immobilisation, footshock) situations.

TL;DR: Three experiments were conducted to explore the relationship between food availability and the wheel running activity rhythms of intact rats and it was concluded that meal feeding entrains a separate oscillator with a period different from the oscillator entrained by the LD cycle.

TL;DR: An examination of method of tasting showed that swallowing stimuli did not substantially increase perceived sweetness, and the mechanism of the taste-temperature interaction is speculative, but the interaction is large enough to be of practical interest in the perception of common foods and beverages.

TL;DR: Among vagal units responding only to amino acid but not to glucose infusion, some were activated in a specific manner, depending on the specific amino acid infused intraduodenally, illustrating a very strict specificity regarding the nature of chemical stimuli.

TL;DR: It is concluded that sham feeding represents a useful technique for isolating the influence of diet palatability on food intake and is identified as one of the parameters that influences the magnitude of the sham feeding response.

TL;DR: The results indicate that some component of the vagus is required to mediate the peripherally induced cholecystokinin satiety effect, but the splanchnic nerves are not necessary.

TL;DR: It was found that only PSD applied between 9-12 hours or 17-20 hours after the daily training sessions resulted in acquisition deficits, and any other equivalent length PSD regime which overlapped with either of the time "windows" resulted in severe retardation of task acquisition.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors found that the conditioned and unconditioned responses of the left and right eyelids and the left nictitating membrane (NM) were found to increase in magnitude and decrease in latency from the onset of the tone CS over training trials in almost the same manner (correlations as high as.99).

TL;DR: Earlier research indicated that social support was beneficial for reducing stress when squirrel monkeys were tested in larger groups in their home environment, and adrenal and gonadal secretion changed significantly during the first day after social relations were established.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that administration of pancreatic glucagon inhibits feeding by eliciting satiety for food was tested against several behavioral and physiological criteria of specificity and reports that circulating pancreas glucagon levels increase during meals strongly suggest that pancreatic glucose is involved in the production of postprandial satiety.

TL;DR: Since IVT BBS decreases drinking at a dose lower than that required to reduce food intake, andIP BBS does not, the specific satiety effect of IP BBS on feeding cannot be mediated solely by increasing bombesin in the cerebrospinal fluid.

TL;DR: The effects of the opiate antagonist naloxone (NX) on fluid preference and intake were determined in rats drinking with chronically indwelling gastric fistulas, supporting the idea that NX modifies affective reactivity to palatable solutions, and that NX's antidipsogenic actions are not due to feedback from post- absorptional events.

TL;DR: The results suggest that lesion of the supracommissural telencephalon (Vs-pVv region) blocks the initiation of spawning behaviour in the male goldfish, perhaps by lowering reproductive motivation specifically or by interfering with the perception of sexual, particularly olfactory, cues.

TL;DR: Although food intake increased as a function of running wheel activity, the weight gains of both sexes were slower than those of sedentary rats, and in both sexes this slower weight gain was mainly due to less accumulation of fat.

TL;DR: The conclusion is that evolution has created a linkage between sex chromosomes, hormones and energy balance, and this linkage is at least in part responsible for the greater resistance of the female to famine and for her greater tendency to become obese in times of feast.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the rat is an excellent model for assessing the stimulatory effectiveness of odorants on human trigeminal receptors and a striking degree of correlation was present between the rat whole-nerve electrophysiological response magnitudes of this study and the human anosmic intensity ratings established in the work of Doty et al.

TL;DR: Taste and flavor preferences were evaluated in malnourished and well nourished Mexican infants tested between 2 and 24 months of age and all infants exhibited a preference for soup with MSG relative to plain soup.

TL;DR: The short term exercise program produced highly significant changes in the males while the females were more resistant to the same exercise regimen.

TL;DR: The data suggest that the effects of AP lesions on intake and body weight are similar, in several important respects, to the lateral hypothalamic feeding syndrome and to the effect of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy.

TL;DR: These rats were able to maintain near-normal balances of food intake and body temperature by reallocating the time spent feeding and sheltering and by altering the speed of eating; they thus resolved a conflict between hunger and cold discomfort with little evidence of a strain on homeostasis.

TL;DR: It is found that genetically obese diabetic mice (C57 BL/Ks-db+/db+) were about 80 times more sensitive to the suppressive effect of naloxone on food intake than their heterozygote littermate controls.