Showing papers in "Research Policy in 2015"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose five attributes that feature in the emergence of novel technologies: (i) radical novelty, relatively fast growth, coherence, prominent impact, and uncertainty and ambiguity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the economic impact of entrepreneurial universities' teaching, research, and entrepreneurial activities on the United Kingdom's economic performance and find that the highest economic impact is associated with knowledge transfer (knowledge capital).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of knowledge sourcing on the environmental innovations of firms and found that knowledge sourcing has a positive impact on both types of EI-performance, however, a broad sourcing strategy reveals a threshold above which the propensity to introduce an EI diminishes.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the different forces underlying the adoption of environmental innovations (EI), with a focus on policy related EI, exploiting the 2006-2008 wave of the Italian Community Innovation Survey (CIS), investigate whether the first phase of the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) exerted some effects on EI in CO2 abatement and energy efficiency controlling for other variables, grouped as internal/external to the firm, and additional environmental regulation factors.

TL;DR: This paper reviewed and synthesized the rapidly evolving literature on technology transfer effectiveness and provided a lens into relatively recent work, focusing particularly on empirical studies of US technology transfer conducted within the last 15 years.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the drivers of university-firm R&D collaboration while at the same time assessing the determinants of innovation in a low-tech industry.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide new empirical evidence about the impact of various technological policies upon firms' innovative behavior. But, they focus on the role of policies for innovative activities and focus on their interaction, and do not address the issue of possible interaction among the various tools.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors extended the standard measure of human capital by developing a unique and far reaching concept of Innovative Human Capital and emphasises its effect on small firm innovation and hence growth (jobs, sales and productivity).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine how collaborations with universities and research institutes influence the ability of Chinese emerging market enterprises (EMEs) to develop innovations and reveal that sub-national institutional variations have a profound impact on the relationship between academic collaborations and firms' innovation performance, illustrate that some established assumptions are not valid in emerging countries such as China, and offer insights into how EMEs can enhance their innovation performance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the differentiated impact of demand-pull and technology-push policies in shaping technological patterns in the bio-fuels sector and find that technological capabilities and environmental regulation spur innovative activities in the Bio-Fuels sector.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper investigated the effects of Chinese government financial incentives on firms' innovation performance during the nation's initial economic transition period in the mid-1990s and found that all financial incentives of governments were unrelated to the patents of either high-tech or general firms and Direct Earmarks not only failed to enhance innovative economic performance, it sometimes negatively affected it.

TL;DR: This article analyzed the effect of team size and field and task variety on the creativity of research results and found that increasing team size has an inverted-U shaped relation with novelty, and that the size-novelty relationship is largely due to the relation between size and team field or task variety, consistent with the information processing perspective.

TL;DR: This paper reviewed the NIS literature chronologically, showing how this shift in emphasis has diminished somewhat the importance of both institutions, particularly governments, and the political processes of institutional capacity building.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose that institutions have an impact on the direction of the diversification process, in particular on whether countries gain a comparative advantage in new sectors that are close or far from what is already part of their existing industrial structure.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored whether and how governmental venture capital investors (GVCs) spur invention and innovation in young biotech companies in Europe and concluded that GVCs are an ineffective substitute, but an effective complement, of IVCs.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative analysis of technology strategies in the heavy vehicle industry is presented, showing that established firms are active at both levels, developing several technology alternatives simultaneously, and that incumbents' technology strategies determine important parts of the required niche-regime interactions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore the relationships among product, process and organizational innovation, examining the complementarities-in-performance between these forms of innovation, within a supermodularity framework.

TL;DR: In this article, the Structural Genomics Consortium was used as a boundary organization to enable firms to disclose R&D problems while minimizing adverse competitive consequences and increased the attractiveness of industry-informed agendas for academic scientists.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of university-industry collaboration on academic research output is studied. But the authors focus on the channels through which the degree of industry collaboration may affect research output.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used spatial dynamic panel data to evaluate the effect of both R&D subsidies and fiscal incentives on private R&Ds in 25 OECD countries for the period 1990-2009.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a survey of the micro-econometric literature on the effects of R&D tax credits on firms' innovation activities, focusing on one specific aspect that has not received sufficient attention in previous research: the sectoral dimension.

TL;DR: In this paper, a conjoint-based survey among 187 European and U.S. venture capitalists found that they rely on research alliances and, partly, on team experience as signals of technological quality.

TL;DR: In this article, the role and interaction of firms' existing knowledge stocks and current knowledge flows in shaping innovation success was explored, and it was shown that knowledge flows derived from internal investment and external search dominate the effect of knowledge stocks on innovation performance.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the microfoundations of the determinants of international competitiveness and propose a heuristic model based on a generalized Polya urn process to identify the underlying dynamics at the firm level using a large panel of Italian firms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore how TTOs build legitimacy by shaping identity with university academics and management and find that the combination of identity-conformance and identity-manipulation strategies is ineffective for legitimizing the TTO.

TL;DR: The authors showed that non-compete agreements are responsible for a "brain drain" of knowledge workers out of states that enforce such contracts to states where they are not enforceable, and that this effect is felt most strongly on the margin of workers who are more collaborative and whose work is more impactful.

TL;DR: The findings show that when country's centrality and structural holes are high, the positive effects of city'scentrality andStructural holes on innovation performance are enhanced, and the negative effects ofCity's clustering coefficient are weakened.

TL;DR: The results clearly show that the process of invention has been primarily a combinatorial process accompanied by rare occurrences of technological origination and the importance of reusing existing technological capabilities to generate inventions has been steadily rising and recently overtook recombination as the source of novelty for most new inventions.

TL;DR: This paper examined the collaboration patterns of foreign scientists working in one of 16 countries in 2011 and compared them to the collaboration pattern of nonmigrant scientists and scientists with some international experience who have returned.