Showing papers in "Small Ruminant Research in 2003"

TL;DR: Trees and shrub foliage and agro-industrial by-products are of importance in animal production because they do not compete with human food and can provide significant protein supplements, especially in the dry season; and with proper management they could become invaluable sources of protein for strategic supplementation.

TL;DR: D diets and habitats that allow animals to select among alternatives enable individuals to better meet needs for nutrients and to better cope with toxins, and feeding and grazing practices that allow producers to capitalize on the individuality of animals are likely to improve performance of the herd by enabling the uniqueness of individuals to become manifest.

TL;DR: The manifestations of seasonality in both the ram and the ewe are described and special emphasis is given to the neuroendocrine base of photoperiodic regulation of seasonal breeding.

TL;DR: In this article, the situation of each goat production (milk, meat, fibre and skin) was analyzed and compared by taking into account the present situation and prospects of markets, and each economic factor and its role in the processes of production, transformation, and marketing were analyzed by considering how the organisation of the goat industry can support sustainable development.

TL;DR: The effect of heat stress (HS) on changes in respiratory rate, rectal temperature and blood chemistry parameters were evaluated in mature black wooly Omani and white wooly Australian Merino wethers.

TL;DR: Due to their better growth rate, kids from BS and SF genotypes reached the required liveweight for slaughter earlier than kids from other genotypes used in the study.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the semi-extensive goat farming sector in Andalusia (south of Spain) and establish characteristics, from socio-economy to management.

TL;DR: Systems of production of goat milk, ways of transport of raw goat Milk, and the procedures applied inside factories regarding receiving and storage of the raw goat milk are discussed should be useful for the definition of technological adaptations, that are necessary for best milk and product quality.

TL;DR: Trends converge to indicate that hard blocks, a mixture of agro-industrial by-products, urea, binder and preserver, improve digestion of low quality forages thereby increase body weight, and feed blocks may be considered as an alternative to promote intensive use of numerous agronomical by- products and to overcome nutritional constraints.

TL;DR: Investigating the effects of season and breed on browse species intake rates and browse species preference by Boer and Nguni goats in the False Thornveld of the Eastern Cape found nutrient intake rates consistently explained preference in winter and summer.

TL;DR: Breeding objectives for meat sheep in smallholder production circumstances in the tropics were developed and litter size and lambing frequency were the most important traits, indicating that future economic values for traits might change dependent on levels of output and prices.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of feeding diets high in linoleic acid (CLA) on animal performance, carcass characteristics and conjugated CLA content of muscle and fat tissue were evaluated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the economic results of Ripollesa breed sheep farms in Spain were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and a hierarchy analysis (cluster analysis) of the coordinates of the farms with the first five factors.

TL;DR: Investigation of the ability of SAC, goats, horses, and rabbits to digest C 3 and C4 grass hay with nearly equal nitrogen and cell wall concentrations suggests that the highly-vascularized bundle sheath cells of C 4 plants prevent efficient utilization of dietary nitrogen.

TL;DR: The present study aimed to identify the pathogens that cause subclinical udder infections in Israeli dairy sheep and evaluate their influence on milk yield and composition and found that various species of coagulase-negative staphylococci mainly S. chromogenesand S. epidermidis formed the main pathogen group in infected udders.

TL;DR: Both oral dose levels of C. macrostachys and J. curcas seeds were lethal for kids between days 7 and 21, and caused bloody diarrhea, dyspnea, dehydration, loss in condition, paresis of the hind limbs and recumbency before death, while Piper abyssinica seeds was not lethal and caused limited and less pronounced vascular changes and hepatonephropathy.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the CO2-entry rate technique (CERT) where the production of CO2 of the free-ranging animal can be measured using NaH13CO3.

TL;DR: The Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Hyalomma marginatum, were the most common species in sheep and goats, and other tick species encountered were Dermacentor daghestanicus in goats and HyAlomma anatolicum, Hyalomona asiaticum in sheep.

TL;DR: Results indicate that Boer goats may be finished on a diet with a lower ME-value than is usually formulated for sheep, without a reduction in performance, which may render the BG economically viable for feedlot finishing.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of refrigeration, several different methods of thawing, and pasteurization on the concentration of IgG in goat colostrum were evaluated.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the rumen impaction with IFB was related to the sheep scavenging on refuse dumps and that the blood biochemical changes, along with the clinical signs, might be of some diagnostic assistance.

TL;DR: The main protein source was soybean meal in SBM diet treatment, totally or partially replaced by peas in P39 and P18 diet treatments, respectively, which differed in their protein supplement source.

TL;DR: Adult non-pregnant and non-lactating native Creole does were used to characterize the seasonal variations in estrous and ovarian activity during a period of 18 month beginning in January and there was a higher proportion of estrous cycles around the winter solstice whereas dissociated cycles were more frequent at the beginning and at the end of the breeding season.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors collected milk samples from 28 farms, at monthly intervals during the production period (December to September), and surveyed each farmer about specific conditions of hygiene-sanitary management at the farm.

TL;DR: The results suggest that Caribbean hair breeds may be able to contribute significantly to development of parasite-resistant sheep populations.

TL;DR: Significant correlations were observed between percentage of muscle, fat and bone in most of the primal cuts and that in the carcass side in the present study, and there were significant differences between genotypes in the proportions of individual fatty acids.

TL;DR: In this article, the in vitro nitrogen digestibility of OL was found to be low and highly variable (1.28-3.06% of TEP, 0.41-4.29% of extractable polyphenols (TEPs) and 0.88% of lignocellulosic fraction (ADFN).

TL;DR: The best equations for predicting intake included a combination of mean retention time and forage acid detergent fiber (ADF) content (reciprocal and quadratic) as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The increment in LDH and ALP in milk of udders shows the presence of tissue damage provoked by SCM, and these parameters might be suitable for use in the early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in ewes.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the estimation of breeding value in a selection scheme for cashmere production would be more precise following adjustment for age structures, age of dam, sex, type of birth, herd and significant interactions.