Showing papers in "Toxicology Letters in 2019"

TL;DR: The aim of this review was to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of oxidative stress injury on myocardial toxicity, from three different aspects: the increase in downstream oxidative stress products, the reduction in upstream antioxidative Stress products, and subcellular organelles.

TL;DR: Good evidence is identified that exposure to heavy metals, pesticides, nanoparticles, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls, and non-caloric artificial sweeteners affect the gut microbiome and which is associated with the development of metabolic, malignant, inflammatory, or immune diseases.

TL;DR: It is suggested that whole cigarette smoke condensates (WCSC) may induce ferroptosis in bronchial epithelial cells via ER stress and disturbed homeostasis in mitochondrial dynamics caused by induction of hypoxia conditions.

TL;DR: This mini-review summarizes the recent reports on the occurrence, toxicity and endocrine disruption of these two BPA analogues.

TL;DR: It became apparent that after twelve months of exposure very low doses of the tested mixture had both non-monotonic and monotonic harmful effects on different levels on rats.

TL;DR: Investigation of the effect of acute exposure to glyphosate on the blood-brain barrier in vitro based on induced pluripotent stem cells and compared to two chemical analogs indicates that accidental exposure to high level of GPH may result in neurological damage via an opening of theBlood- brain barrier and an alteration of glucose metabolism.

TL;DR: Investigation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of long term exposure to low doses of a mixture consisting of methomyl, triadimefon, dimethoate, glyphosate, carbaryl, methyl parathion, aspartame, sodium benzoate, EDTA, ethylparaben, buthylparABen, bisphenol A and acacia gum in rats results in conclusion.

TL;DR: LCA has a significant protective effect on TNF-α-induced injury of intestinal barrier function through the VDR and suggests that suppressing NF-κB signaling and activating the SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway might be one of the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of LCA.

TL;DR: The results indicate the necessity of taking appropriate measures to control/standardize pesticides practice in pistachio cultivation in Iran and the need to re-establish the MRLs based on cumulative exposure.

TL;DR: Findings support the influence of epigenetic alterations on cell signaling related to Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity/cell proliferation, and decreases in DNA repair signaling leading to tumorigenesis, and support interactions between epigenetic regulators and transcriptional responses.

TL;DR: The present special issue is intended to collect key articles and pioneering studies in support of this new area of toxicology, acknowledging the need for a paradigm shift of the current approaches for risk assessment towards a Real-Life Risk Simulation (RLRS) approach.

TL;DR: The results obtained could support, at least in part, the necessity of introducing testing of combined stimuli at reference doses and long term for the evaluation of the risk from exposure to chemicals.

TL;DR: Results indicated that pirfenidone intervention inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and pulmonary fibrosis in rat silicosis model, which effects may be related to the TGF-β1/smad pathway.

TL;DR: Evaluated pathologic effects of cholestasis-associated reproductive toxicity in male and female rats is restrictedly coupled with severe oxidative stress and mitochondrial impairment.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated for the first time that the activity of ISCs and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is sensitively suppressed by acute deoxynivalenol exposure, and a reliable culture system for porcine enteroids is established.

TL;DR: Evaluated FFF 3-D printer emission-induced toxicity in human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) indicates that the FFF could induce toxicological effects.

TL;DR: Investigation of the hepatotoxic effect and its underlying mechanism of aloe emodin showed AE could activate the NF-κB inflammatory pathway and the P53 apoptosis pathway, and its hepatotoxicity mechanism was related to activation of NF-σκB-P53 inflammation-apoptosis pathways.

TL;DR: Critical evaluation of the applied sample preparation protocol and LC-MS/MS analysis revealed interesting preliminary results and information crucial for improving follow-up experiments.

TL;DR: A Syrian family of four who became victims of chemical terrorism due to SM exposure is reported and the detailed clinical course of the family is described including the medical history, initial symptomatology, clinical examination, hematological data, and initial treatment in the first 48 hours after exposure at Kilis State Hospital, Turkey.

TL;DR: The specific working mechanism of ochratoxin A in the human astrocyte cell line, NHA-SV40LT, exerts neurotoxicity through anti-proliferation and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in humanAstrocytes.

TL;DR: A Copeland Index was applied that ranks the classifiers according to their performance and suggested the optimal classifier and the combination of classifiers demonstrated an improved prediction resulting meta-classifier to have higher indices.

TL;DR: Vitamin deficiency and low dose chronic pesticides mixture exposure affected the central nervous system, especially long-term memory in rats, causing central nervous effects and increased anxiety levels.

TL;DR: The overall role of autophagy in chemical-induced toxicity is complex and only a limited number of environmental chemicals have been studied from this point of view.

TL;DR: The potential molecular mechanism for PFAAs-induced neurotoxicity are mainly described in the following aspects: calcium homeostasis and its related signal pathway, synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitters, as well as the neural cells apoptosis.

TL;DR: This study shows that KPF is effective in reducing lung damage induced by LPS by modulating TRAF6 polyubiquitination and may provide novel molecular targets to alleviate acute lung injury.

TL;DR: The role of Miro1 is highlighted in context of CS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in lung epithelial cells that may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory lung diseases.

TL;DR: Exosomes derived from arsenite-treated hepatic cells transferred MALAT1 to HSCs, which induced their activation, and these findings support the concept that, during liver fibrosis induced by arsenite, exosomal lncRNAs are involved in cell-cell communication.

TL;DR: Results suggest that Cd-caused ER stress and autophagy are implicated in RPE cell death associated retinopathies especially related to smoking.

TL;DR: The data suggest that PERK regulates the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant pathway functioning as a self-defense mechanism against ROS-related mitochondrial damage induced by DBP in male germ cells.

TL;DR: Autophagy and ER stress cooperated in apoptosis induced by ZEA; HERP depletion inhibits ZEA-induced apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells through autophagy activation and apoptotic pathway inhibition.