Open AccessJournal Article
A promoter that acquired p53 responsiveness during primate evolution
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TLDR
Comparison between primate species revealed that the PIG3 promoter acquired this sequence element in its full length only in Hominoidea (apes and humans), whereas the number of TGYCC repeats is far lower in monkeys.Abstract:
The tumor suppressor p53 activates the transcription of human PIG3 through direct interaction with a polymorphic microsatellite sequence, (TGYCC)(n). Here, the evolution of this p53-responsive element was recapitulated. Comparison between primate species revealed that the PIG3 promoter acquired this sequence element in its full length only in Hominoidea (apes and humans), whereas the number of TGYCC repeats is far lower in monkeys. Accordingly, only the PIG3 promoters from Hominoidea respond efficiently to p53, whereas those from monkeys respond poorly or not at all. In parallel, the PIG3 gene was strongly induced by p53 in human and chimpanzee cells but was unaffected by p53 in cells derived from a common marmoset monkey. Thus, a novel p53 target gene appeared as recently as during the evolution of primates. This suggests that mechanisms of tumor suppression are subject to ongoing evolution in humans and their closest relatives.read more
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References
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Surfing the p53 network
TL;DR: The p53 tumour-suppressor gene integrates numerous signals that control cell life and death, and the disruption of p53 has severe consequences when a highly connected node in the Internet breaks down.
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A simplified system for generating recombinant adenoviruses
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A model for p53-induced apoptosis
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TL;DR: Examination of transcripts induced by p53 expression before the onset of apoptosis stimulated additional biochemical and pharmacological experiments suggesting that p53 results in apoptosis through a three-step process: the transcriptional induction of redox-related genes; the formation of reactive oxygen species; and the oxidative degradation of mitochondrial components, culminating in cell death.