Showing papers in "Cell in 1986"

TL;DR: By analyzing the effects of single base substitutions around the ATG initiator codon in a cloned preproinsulin gene, ACCATGG is identified as the optimal sequence for initiation by eukaryotic ribosomes.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the AU sequences are the recognition signal for an mRNA processing pathway which specifically degrades the mRNAs for certain lymphokines, cytokines, and proto-oncogenes.

TL;DR: In this paper, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay with end-labeled DNA fragments was used to characterize proteins that bind to the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain and the kappa light chain enhancers.

TL;DR: The studies support a mechanism of AIDS virus infection that initially involves the specific interaction of theAIDS virus with T4 molecules on the cell surface, and find that the T4 gene is expressed in the brain as well as in lymphoid cells, providing an explanation for the dual neurotropic and lymphotropic character of the AIDS virus.

TL;DR: The biology of platelet derived growth factor, it will really give you the good idea to be successful.

TL;DR: Results are consistent with a function for P-glycoprotein as an energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.

TL;DR: Phorbol-ester-mediated induction of NF-kappa B was observed in a T cell line and a nonlymphoid cell line, and is therefore not restricted to B-lymphoids cells, indicating that factors that control transcription of specific genes in specific cells may be activated by posttranslational modification of precursor factors present more widely.

TL;DR: Ced-3 and ced-4 mutants appear grossly normal in morphology and behavior, indicating that programmed cell death is not an essential aspect of nematode development.

TL;DR: The authors showed that the epitopes of nucleoprotein recognized by CTL in association with class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex in both mouse and man can be defined with short synthetic peptides derived from the nucleopprotein sequence.

TL;DR: A cDNA clone is characterized that encodes a protein related to the 70 kd heat shock protein, but is expressed in normal rat liver, and it is identical with two previously described proteins: GRP78, whose synthesis is induced by glucose starvation, and BiP, which is found bound to immunoglobulin heavy chains in pre-B cells.

TL;DR: The RGD sequence as a basic unit of a widespread cellular recognition system is established and the same peptides also inhibit the attachment of fibroblasts to a number of other proteins, including vitronectin.

TL;DR: The results suggest that t(14;18) translocations alter expression of the bcl-2 gene both by transcriptional activation and by abnormal posttranscriptional regulation of bCl-2 mRNA.

TL;DR: Transcriptionally active nuclear extracts have been prepared from rat liver, brain, and spleen and the adenovirus-2 major late promoter directs efficient transcription by RNA polymerase II in all of these extracts, whereas the promoter of the mouse albumin gene is significantly used only in the liver extract.

TL;DR: A comparison of the bovine and human MIS proteins reveals a highly conserved C-terminal domain that shows marked homology with human transforming growth factor-beta and the beta chain of porcine inhibin.

TL;DR: The complete nucleotide and primary structure of a full length mdr cDNA capable of conferring a complete multidrug-resistant phenotype is presented and strong homology suggests that a highly conserved functional unit involved in membrane transport is present in the mdr polypeptide.

TL;DR: Transfection of a full-length cDNA in mouse fibroblasts results in stable expression of NGF receptors that are recognized by monoclonal antibodies to the human NGF receptor and that bind [125I]NGF.

TL;DR: It is shown that replacement of one or both of the twin tyrosines (residues 1162 and 1163) with phenylalanine results in a dramatic reduction in or loss of insulin-activated autophosphorylation and kinase activity in vitro.

TL;DR: The construction of in vitro recombinants between the normal and transforming cDNAs has allowed the determination of the mutation responsible for the activation of the neu proto-oncogene.

TL;DR: Of the extracellular matrix proteins compared, tenascin is the least effective substrate for attachment of primary mammary tumor cells, but the most effective in promoting cell growth after serum is removed from the culture medium.

TL;DR: Evidence is described showing that cdc25+ functions to counteract the activity of the mitotic inhibitor wee1+, and indicating that both mitotic control elements act independently to regulate the initiation of mitosis.

TL;DR: Characterization of 27 insertional mutants of the hGR allowed the location of at least four functional domains, two of which correspond to the predicted DNA- and steroid-binding domains, raising the possibility that other regions in the receptor are necessary for full transcriptional activation but are not specifically involved in steroid or DNA binding.

TL;DR: The detection of a homogeneous episomal population suggests that EBV-associated epithelial malignancies are clonal expansions of a singleEBV-infected progenitor cell.

TL;DR: The primary structure of PrP encoded by the gene of a healthy animal does not differ from that encoded by a cDNA from a scrapie-infected animal, suggesting that the different properties ofPrP from normal and scrapie -infected brains are due to post-translational events.

TL;DR: This work has localized a nuclear matrix association region (MAR) within the mouse immunoglobulin kappa gene that contains two topoisomerase II sites and is adjacent to the tissue-specific enhancer.

TL;DR: The name integrin is proposed for this protein complex to denote its role as an integral membrane complex involved in the transmembrane association between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton.

TL;DR: Changes in enzymatic activity of a prominent brain calmodulin-dependent protein kinase suggest a mechanism by which the kinase could act as a calcium-triggered molecular switch and further prolong the active state by opposing dephosphorylation by cellular phosphatases.

TL;DR: In this paper, retrovirus-mediated gene transfer was used to mark hematopoietic stem cells in vitro and have tracked the fate of these cells after their transplantation into lethally irradiated recipients.

TL;DR: The results indicated that variation throughout the viral genome is extensive and that the envelope gene in particular is most highly variable, and changes were most prevalent within the extracellular region where clustered nucleotide substitutions and deletions/insertions were evident.