Adult Neurogenesis: Beyond Learning and Memory*
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TLDR
A review of studies investigating the function of the hippocampus going back several decades reveals many ideas that seem to converge on a critical role for the hippocampus in stress response and emotion.Abstract:
New neurons continue to be generated in the dentate gyrus throughout life, providing this region of the hippocampus with exceptional structural plasticity, but the function of this ongoing neurogenesis is unknown. Inhibition of adult neurogenesis produces some behavioral impairments that suggest a role for new neurons in learning and memory; however, other behavioral changes appear inconsistent with this function. A review of studies investigating the function of the hippocampus going back several decades reveals many ideas that seem to converge on a critical role for the hippocampus in stress response and emotion. These potential hippocampal functions provide new avenues for investigating the behavioral functions of adult neurogenesis. And, conversely, studies in animals lacking adult neurogenesis, which are likely to have more limited and more specific impairments than are seen with lesions, may provide valuable new insights into the function of the hippocampus. A complete understanding of the function ...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A new perspective on the role of the CREB family of transcription factors in memory consolidation via adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
TL;DR: This review examines the CREB family of transcription factors, including the different members and known signaling pathways, and highlights the role of CREB as a modulator of AHN, which could underlie its function in memory consolidation mechanisms.
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Chronic peripheral inflammation, hippocampal neurogenesis, and behavior
TL;DR: In this article, the authors summarize evolving evidence that the state of chronic peripheral inflammation reduces adult hippocampal neurogenesis, which, in turn, produces the behavioral disturbances observed in chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Stress and Loss of Adult Neurogenesis Differentially Reduce Hippocampal Volume.
Timothy J. Schoenfeld,Hayley C. McCausland,H. Douglas Morris,Varun Padmanaban,Heather A. Cameron +4 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that adult neurogenesis is required to maintain hippocampal volume but is not responsible for stress-induced volume loss.
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Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis, Fear Generalization, and Stress.
Antoine Besnard,Amar Sahay +1 more
TL;DR: This work conceptualizes generalization of fear in terms of resolution of interference between similar memories, and proposes a role for a fundamental encoding mechanism, pattern separation, in the dentate gyrus (DG)–CA3 circuit in resolving interference between ambiguous or uncertain threats and in preserving episodic content of remote aversive memories in hippocampal–cortical networks.
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Hippocampal learning, memory, and neurogenesis: Effects of sex and estrogens across the lifespan in adults
TL;DR: This review focuses on the effects of sex and estrogens on hippocampal learning, memory, and neurogenesis in the young and aged adult rodent and addresses how reproductive experience and aging interact with estrogens to modulate hippocampal cognition and neuroGenesis in females.
References
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Book
The Hippocampus as a Cognitive Map
John O'Keefe,Lynn Nadel +1 more
TL;DR: The amnesic syndrome is presented as an extension of the theory to humans and the role of operators in the locale system is examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Précis of The Neuropsychology of Anxiety: An Enquiry into the Functions of the Septo-Hippocampal System..
TL;DR: It is proposed that these drugs reduce anxiety by impairing the functioning of a widespread neural system including the septo-hippocampal system (SHS), the Papez circuit, the prefrontal cortex, and ascending monoaminergic and cholinergic pathways which innervate these forebrain structures.
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Requirement of Hippocampal Neurogenesis for the Behavioral Effects of Antidepressants
Luca Santarelli,Michael Saxe,Cornelius Gross,Alexandre Surget,Fortunato Battaglia,Stephanie C. Dulawa,Noelia V. Weisstaub,James T. Lee,Ronald S. Duman,Ottavio Arancio,Catherine Belzung,René Hen +11 more
TL;DR: It is shown that disrupting antidepressant-induced neurogenesis blocks behavioral responses to antidepressants, suggesting that the behavioral effects of chronic antidepressants may be mediated by the stimulation of neuroGenesis in the hippocampus.
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Stress, adaptation, and disease. Allostasis and allostatic load.
TL;DR: The relationship of allostatic load to genetic and developmental predispositions to disease is considered and examples will be given from research pertaining to autonomic, CNS, neuroendocrine, and immune system activity.
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A proposed mechanism of emotion
TL;DR: The following discussion presents some anatomic, clinical and experimental data dealing with the hypothalamus, the gyrus cinguli, the hippocampus and their interconnections, which are proposed as representing theoretically the anatomic basis of the emotions.