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An overview of animal models of pain: disease models and outcome measures.

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TLDR
The common methods used for inducing each of the pain phenotypes related to clinical pain syndromes as well as the main behavioral tests for assessing pain in each model are discussed.
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This article is published in The Journal of Pain.The article was published on 2013-11-01 and is currently open access. It has received 319 citations till now.

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Methods Used to Evaluate Pain Behaviors in Rodents

TL;DR: Concerns over the clinical translatability of stimulus-evoked nociception in recent years has led to the development and increasing implementation of non-stimulus evoked methods, such as grimace scales, burrowing, weight bearing and gait analysis.
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The mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo2 mediates sensitivity to mechanical pain in mice

TL;DR: The results indicate that Piezo2 mediates inflammation- and nerve injury–induced sensitized mechanical pain, and suggest that targeting PIEZO2 might be an effective strategy for treating mechanical allodynia.
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PIEZO2 mediates injury-induced tactile pain in mice and humans

TL;DR: Insight is provided into the basis for tactile allodynia, the PIEZO2 mechanoreceptor is identified as an essential mediator of touch under inflammatory conditions, and the role of this ion channel in nociception and pain has not been resolved.
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Coarse needle surface potentiates analgesic effect elicited by acupuncture with twirling manipulation in rats with nociceptive pain

TL;DR: Surface roughness of the acupuncture needle enhanced an anti-nociceptive activity of acupuncture therapy in rats, which partially supports the mechanical signaling theory through connective tissues in acupuncture manipulation.
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Regular physical activity prevents chronic pain by altering resident muscle macrophage phenotype and increasing interleukin-10 in mice

TL;DR: Regular physical activity increases the percentage of regulatory macrophages in muscle and that IL-10 is an essential mediator in the analgesia produced by regular physical activity is suggested.
References
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A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man.

TL;DR: A peripheral mononeuropathy was produced in adult rats by placing loosely constrictive ligatures around the common sciatic nerve and the postoperative behavior of these rats indicated that hyperalgesia, allodynia and, possibly, spontaneous pain were produced.
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A new and sensitive method for measuring thermal nociception in cutaneous hyperalgesia.

TL;DR: Both the thermal method and the Randall‐Selitto mechanical method detected dose‐related hyperalgesia and its blockade by either morphine or indomethacin, but the Thermal method showed greater bioassay sensitivity and allowed for the measurement of other behavioral parameters in addition to the nociceptive threshold.
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Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Pain

TL;DR: Genetic, electrophysiological, and pharmacological studies are elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underlie detection, coding, and modulation of noxious stimuli that generate pain.
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