Journal ArticleDOI
Analysis of the Synchronization Requirements of 5g and Corresponding Solutions
Han Li,Liuyan Han,Ran Duan,Geoffrey M. Garner +3 more
- Vol. 1, Iss: 1, pp 52-58
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TLDR
The synchronization requirements and challenges from 5G in terms of the new technologies, new services, and the new architecture are discussed, and a new time reference model is suggested and the budget of the fronthaul is presented for C-RAN.Abstract:
This article discusses the synchronization requirements and challenges from 5G in terms of the new technologies, new services, and the new architecture. Time synchronization via transport networks will be essential. ±130ns is proposed as the new goal of network limits for 5G. Higher precision requirements can be achieved through the same network cluster in a relatively limited area. A new time reference model is suggested, and in particular, the budget of the fronthaul is presented for C-RAN. Corresponding solutions for enhancing time accuracy are presented. New technologies of the time source and the time transport need to be introduced. SDOs need closer cooperation to define the specification of time synchronization for 5G.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Survey of Cellular Mobile Radio Localization Methods: From 1G to 5G
TL;DR: An overview of the evolution of the various localization methods that were standardized from the first to the fourth generation of cellular mobile radio is provided, and what can be expected with the new radio and network aspects for the upcoming generation of fifth generation is looked over.
Journal ArticleDOI
RAN Revolution With NGFI (xhaul) for 5G
TL;DR: A two-level NGFI architecture will be highlighted, and the function split options with associated requirements in, e.g. latency, bandwidth and synchronization will be presented and challenges for NGFI realization will be discussed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
RAN revolution with NGFI (xHaul) for 5G
Chih-Lin I,Jinri Huang +1 more
TL;DR: A two-level NGFI architecture will be highlighted, and the function split options with associated requirements in, e.g., latency, bandwidth, and synchronization will be presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Outage Performance Analysis
TL;DR: The SAGIN is viewed from the perspective of cooperative communications and relay networking technologies are introduced to model and construct the framework of SAGIn, a cooperative relay network in which high-altitude platforms and terrestrial base stations serve as intermediates relaying signals between end device and satellite.
Journal ArticleDOI
Time Synchronization in 5G Wireless Edge: Requirements and Solutions for Critical-MTC
TL;DR: This article analyzes the device-level synchronization needs of potential cMTC applications: industrial automation, power distribution, vehicular communication, and live audio/video production, and identifies the random errors specific to dense multipath fading environments.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Using IEEE 1588 and boundary clocks for clock synchronization in telecom networks
TL;DR: IEEE 1588 is primarily used to serve the radio interface synchronization requirements of mobile systems such as WiMAX and LTE, and to reduce the deployment and dependence of GPS systems in base stations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimal Synchronization of Local Clocks by GPS 1PPS Signals Using Predictive FIR Filters
TL;DR: To eliminate sawtooth errors that are peculiar to the 1PPS signals and optimally steer the clock errors each M seconds, the use of a ramp-predictive finite-impulse-response (FIR) filter that is known to be optimal for clock models on large averaging horizons is proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
ELSTAB—Fiber-Optic Time and Frequency Distribution Technology: A General Characterization and Fundamental Limits
TL;DR: An overview of the electronically stabilized fiber-optic time and frequency distribution system based on the idea of using variable electronic delay lines as compensating elements, and practical implementation of the ELSTAB in the Polish T&F distribution network is shown.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
First National High-Precision Time Synchronization Network with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy Over Commercial Optical Networks for Wireless Applications
Liuyan Han,Han Li,Lei Wang,Nan Hua,Changjun Hu,Jianhua Wang,Song Liu,Li He,Zhaohui Chen,Yongfang Xu +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the first national time synchronization network over commercial optical networks with 1014-km 100G OTN and 13-hop PTN was reported, achieving an excellent accuracy of 224.8ns.
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