Journal ArticleDOI
Aqueous Ammonia Equilibrium Calculations: Effect of pH and Temperature
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TLDR
A critical evaluation of the literature data on the ammonia–water equilibrium system has been carried out and results of calculations of values of pKa at different temperatures and of percent of NH3 in aqueous ammonia solutions of zero salinity as a function of pH and temperature are presented.Abstract:
The toxicity of ammonia to fishes has been attributed to the un-ionized ammonia chemical species present in aqueous solution Because the percent of total ammonia present as un-ionized ammonia (NH3) is so dependent upon pH and temperature, an exact understanding of the aqueous ammonia equilibrium is important for toxicity studies A critical evaluation of the literature data on the ammonia–water equilibrium system has been carried out Results of calculations of values of pKa at different temperatures and of percent of NH3 in aqueous ammonia solutions of zero salinity as a function of pH and temperature are presentedread more
Citations
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Acute toxicity of ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate to the guadalupe bass, Micropterus treculi.
J. R. Tomasso,G. J. Carmichael +1 more
TL;DR: This study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of the common nitrogenous wastes found in aquatic environments (ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate) to the Guadalupe bass.
Journal ArticleDOI
Densidade de estocagem e salinidade da água na larvicultura do pacamã
TL;DR: At 10 days of feeding, the weight was affected negatively in D40 and D60 associated to higher water salinity (S4), and the higher survival was verified in D20S2 treatment, while smaller values were found in S4, regardless of the density used.
Effect of ammonia on Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) performance and some hematological and histological measures.
TL;DR: The results showed that growth performance was significantly decreased and feed conversion ratio (FCR) increased with increasing concentrations of UIA-N, and Histopathological changes showed different signs in liver, gill and kidney among the four treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Ammonia on Growth and Survival of Rainbow Trout in Intensive Static‐Water Culture
TL;DR: Neither growth nor survival was significantly correlated with stocking density, but both were inversely related to the average daily maximum concentration of NH3, suggesting exposure to ammonia may have predisposed the fish to infection.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Acidic dissociation constant of ammonium ion at 0 to 50 C, and the base strength of ammonia
Journal ArticleDOI
The Percent Un-Ionized Ammonia in Aqueous Ammonia Solutions at Different pH Levels and Temperatures
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the un-ionized ammonia molecule and not the ammonium ion is the form of the toxicant harmful to fish, and the amount of unionised ammonia in the water was quantified.