Journal ArticleDOI
Aqueous Ammonia Equilibrium Calculations: Effect of pH and Temperature
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A critical evaluation of the literature data on the ammonia–water equilibrium system has been carried out and results of calculations of values of pKa at different temperatures and of percent of NH3 in aqueous ammonia solutions of zero salinity as a function of pH and temperature are presented.Abstract:
The toxicity of ammonia to fishes has been attributed to the un-ionized ammonia chemical species present in aqueous solution Because the percent of total ammonia present as un-ionized ammonia (NH3) is so dependent upon pH and temperature, an exact understanding of the aqueous ammonia equilibrium is important for toxicity studies A critical evaluation of the literature data on the ammonia–water equilibrium system has been carried out Results of calculations of values of pKa at different temperatures and of percent of NH3 in aqueous ammonia solutions of zero salinity as a function of pH and temperature are presentedread more
Citations
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The toxicity, bioaccumulation, metabolism and elimination of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate DSS in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
TL;DR: The acute toxicity (LC 50 ) of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS) was determined to be 28 mg/l in rainbow trout and elimination of DSS from the carcass and viscera of the trout was found to follow second order Kinetics and elimination from the blood and bile followed first order kinetics.
Factors controlling ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions from flooded rice fields
John R. Freney,O. T. Denmead +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the importance of cultural and environmental factors on ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emission from rice fields in experiments conducted in Australia, China and the Philippines was determined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimization of anaerobic co-digestion of strawberry and fish waste.
TL;DR: The combined treatment of strawberry extrudate and fish waste, which are widely generated in Mediterranean areas, was optimized and biodegradability was found to be similar for the 88:12 and 94:6 proportions, with values around 90 % in VS, but the 97:3 ratio was not viable due to a low methane production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Operational Optimization of Batchwise Nutrient Removal From Wastewater by Carrageenan Immobilized Chlorella Vulgaris
TL;DR: In this paper, carrageenan immobilized Chlorella vulgaris beads were employed to remove nutrients (N and P) from primary settled wastewater and achieved NH 4 + -N removal efficiency at the end of each 3-day treatment cycle under Continuous-Contact mode operation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Daytime mechanical water circulation of channel catfish ponds
Craig S. Tucker,James A. Steeby +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of midday mechanical water circulation on water quality and the production of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) was studied in six, 1·62-ha, 1m average depth, earthen ponds.
References
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Acidic dissociation constant of ammonium ion at 0 to 50 C, and the base strength of ammonia
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The Percent Un-Ionized Ammonia in Aqueous Ammonia Solutions at Different pH Levels and Temperatures
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the un-ionized ammonia molecule and not the ammonium ion is the form of the toxicant harmful to fish, and the amount of unionised ammonia in the water was quantified.