Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials : is blinding necessary?
Alejandro R. Jadad,R. A. Moore,Dawn Carroll,C. Jenkinson,David Reynolds,David J. Gavaghan,Henry J McQuay +6 more
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TLDR
An instrument to assess the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in pain research is described and its use to determine the effect of rater blinding on the assessments of quality is described.About:
This article is published in Controlled Clinical Trials.The article was published on 1996-02-01. It has received 15740 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Blinding & Jadad scale.read more
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Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and children: a systematic review of published randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
Hania Szajewska,Jacek Mrukowicz +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence of a clinically significant benefit of probiotics in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea in infants and children, particularly in rotaviral gastroenteritis is found, although other probiotic strains may also be effective.
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Prevention of pain on injection with propofol: a quantitative systematic review.
Pascale Picard,Martin R. Tramèr +1 more
TL;DR: In conclusion, IV lidocaine (0.5 mg/kg) should be given with a rubber tourniquet on the forearm, 30 to 120 s before the injection of propofol, and will prevent pain in approximately 60% of the patients treated in this manner.
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Enhanced recovery pathways optimize health outcomes and resource utilization: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in colorectal surgery
TL;DR: Adherence to ERP achieves a reproducible improvement in the quality of care by enabling standardization of health care processes, and can and should be routinely used in care after colorectal and other major gastrointestinal procedures.
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The effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of aggression and psychosis in Alzheimer's disease.
Clive Ballard,J Waite +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence suggests that risperidone and olanzapine are useful in reducing aggression and ris peridone reduces psychosis, but both are associated with serious adverse cerebrovascular events and extrapyramidal symptoms.
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2015 updated method guideline for systematic reviews in the Cochrane Back and Neck Group
Andrea D Furlan,Antti Malmivaara,Roger Chou,Christopher G. Maher,Richard A. Deyo,Mark L. Schoene,Gert Bronfort,M.W. van Tulder +7 more
TL;DR: This update of the method guideline for systematic reviews of trials of interventions for neck and back pain, and related spinal disorders includes updated recommendations in 7 categories: objectives, literature search, selection criteria, risk of bias assessment, data extraction, data analysis, and reporting of results and conclusions.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Intraclass correlations: uses in assessing rater reliability.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present guidelines for choosing among six different forms of the intraclass correlation for reliability studies in which n target are rated by k judges, and the confidence intervals for each of the forms are reviewed.
Book
Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose three basic concepts: devising the items, selecting the items and selecting the responses, from items to scales, reliability and validity of the responses.
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Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials.
TL;DR: Empirical evidence is provided that inadequate methodological approaches in controlled trials, particularly those representing poor allocation concealment, are associated with bias.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consensus methods: characteristics and guidelines for use.
TL;DR: The characteristics of several major methods (Delphi, Nominal Group, and models developed by the National Institutes of Health and Glaser) are surveyed and guidelines for those who want to use the techniques are provided.
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A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial.
Thomas C. Chalmers,Harry Smith,Bradley Blackburn,Bernard Silverman,Biruta Schroeder,Dinah Reitman,Alexander Ambroz +6 more
TL;DR: A reasonable standard design and conduct of trials will facilitate the interpretation of those with conflicting results and help in making valid combinations of undersized trials.