Book ChapterDOI
Biomining: metal recovery from ores with microorganisms.
Axel Schippers,Sabrina Hedrich,Sabrina Hedrich,Jürgen Vasters,Malte Drobe,Wolfgang Sand,Sabine Willscher +6 more
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This chapter estimates the world production of copper, gold, and other metals by means of biomining and chemical leaching (bio-/hydromet allurgy) compared with metal production by pyrometallurgical procedures, and describes new developments in biomining.Abstract:
Biomining is an increasingly applied biotechnological procedure for processing of ores in the mining industry (biohydrometallurgy). Nowadays the production of copper from low-grade ores is the most important industrial application and a significant part of world copper production already originates from heap or dump/stockpile bioleaching. Conceptual differences exist between the industrial processes of bioleaching and biooxidation. Bioleaching is a conversion of an insoluble valuable metal into a soluble form by means of microorganisms. In biooxidation, on the other hand, gold is predominantly unlocked from refractory ores in large-scale stirred-tank biooxidation arrangements for further processing steps. In addition to copper and gold production, biomining is also used to produce cobalt, nickel, zinc, and uranium. Up to now, biomining has merely been used as a procedure in the processing of sulfide ores and uranium ore, but laboratory and pilot procedures already exist for the processing of silicate and oxide ores (e.g., laterites), for leaching of processing residues or mine waste dumps (mine tailings), as well as for the extraction of metals from industrial residues and waste (recycling). This chapter estimates the world production of copper, gold, and other metals by means of biomining and chemical leaching (bio-/hydrometallurgy) compared with metal production by pyrometallurgical procedures, and describes new developments in biomining. In addition, an overview is given about metal sulfide oxidizing microorganisms, fundamentals of biomining including bioleaching mechanisms and interface processes, as well as anaerobic bioleaching and bioleaching with heterotrophic microorganisms.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biological and Bioelectrochemical Recovery of Critical and Scarce Metals
Yarlagadda V. Nancharaiah,Yarlagadda V. Nancharaiah,S. Venkata Mohan,P.N.L. Lens,P.N.L. Lens +4 more
TL;DR: In the past decade bioelectrochemical systems have emerged as a new technology platform for metal recovery coupled to the removal of organic matter and the potential application of microbial biotechnologies in the recovery of critical and scarce metals is explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current scenario of chalcopyrite bioleaching: a review on the recent advances to its heap-leach technology.
TL;DR: Advances in the designing of heap bioleaching plant along with microbial and environmental factors of importance have been reviewed with conclusions into the future prospects of chalcopyriteBioleaching.
Journal Article
Bioleaching - a result of interfacial processes caused by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).
TL;DR: In this article, the structure and function of extracellular polymeric substances from leaching bacteria are investigated for better control of bio-leaching processes and further deduction of their function.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review of sulfide minerals microbially assisted leaching in stirred tank reactors
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a fundamental understanding of the various mechanisms involved in microbial leaching of sulfide minerals and provide a brief look at the various factors affecting this process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent progress in biohydrometallurgy and microbial characterisation
Anna H. Kaksonen,Anna H. Kaksonen,Naomi J. Boxall,Yosephine Gumulya,Himel Nahreen Khaleque,Christina Morris,Tsing Bohu,Ka Yu Cheng,Ka Yu Cheng,Kayley M. Usher,Aino-Maija Lakaniemi,Aino-Maija Lakaniemi +11 more
TL;DR: A review of recent progress in bio-hydrometallurgy and microbial characterisation can be found in this paper, with a focus on the use of microbially assisted aqueous extractive metallurgy for the recovery of metals from ores, concentrates and recycled or residual materials.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: The current abiotic and bioremediative strategies that are currently used to mitigate AMD are described and the strengths and weaknesses of each are compared.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acidic mine drainage: the rate-determining step
Philip C. Singer,Werner Stumm +1 more
TL;DR: The rate-determining step in the oxidation of iron pyrite and the formation of acidity in streams associated with coal and copper mines isThe oxidation of ferrous iron, and effective pollution abatement necessitates control ling this reaction.