Brain function decline in healthy retired athletes who sustained their last sports concussion in early adulthood
Louis De Beaumont,Hugo Théoret,David Mongeon,Julie Messier,Suzanne Leclerc,Sébastien Tremblay,Dave Ellemberg,Maryse Lassonde +7 more
TLDR
The finding that the P3, the CSP as well as neuropsychological and motor indices were altered more than three decades post-concussion provides evidence for the chronicity of cognitive and motor system changes consecutive to sports concussion.Abstract:
Recent studies have shown that the detrimental effects of sports concussions on cognitive and motor function may persist up to a few years post-injury. The present study sought to investigate the effects of having sustained a sports concussion more than 30 years prior to testing on cognitive and motor functions. Nineteen healthy former athletes, in late adulthood (mean age = 60.79; SD = 5.16), who sustained their last sport-related concussion in early adulthood (mean age = 26.05; SD = 9.21) were compared with 21 healthy former athletes with no history of concussion (mean age = 58.89; SD = 9.07). Neuropsychological tests sensitive to age-related changes in cognition were administered. An auditory oddball paradigm was used to evoke P3a and P3b brain responses. Four TMS paradigms were employed to assess motor cortex excitability: (i) resting motor threshold; (ii) paired-pulse intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation; (iii) input/output curve and (iv) cortical silent period (CSP). A rapid alternating movement task was also used to characterize motor system dysfunctions. Relative to controls, former athletes with a history of concussion had: (i) lower performance on neuropsychological tests of episodic memory and response inhibition; (ii) significantly delayed and attenuated P3a/P3b components; (iii) significantly prolonged CSP and (iv) significantly reduced movement velocity (bradykinesia). The finding that the P3, the CSP as well as neuropsychological and motor indices were altered more than three decades post-concussion provides evidence for the chronicity of cognitive and motor system changes consecutive to sports concussion.read more
Citations
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American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: concussion in sport
Kimberly G. Harmon,Jonathan A. Drezner,Matthew Gammons,Kevin M. Guskiewicz,Mark Halstead,Stanley A. Herring,Jeffrey S. Kutcher,Andrea Pana,Margot Putukian,William O. Roberts +9 more
TL;DR: An evidence-based, best practises summary to assist physicians with the evaluation and management of sports concussion and how to identify knowledge gaps and areas requiring additional research is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Management of Sport Concussion
Steven P. Broglio,Robert C. Cantu,Gerard A. Gioia,Kevin M. Guskiewicz,Jeffrey S. Kutcher,Michael Palm,Tamara C. Valovich McLeod +6 more
TL;DR: The recommendations for concussion management provided here are based on the most current research and divided into sections on education and prevention, documentation and legal aspects, evaluation and return to play, and other considerations.
Journal ArticleDOI
American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: concussion in sport.
Kimberly G. Harmon,Jonathan A. Drezner,Matthew Gammons,Kevin M. Guskiewicz,Mark Halstead,Stanley A. Herring,Jeffrey S. Kutcher,Andrea Pana,Margot Putukian,William O. Roberts +9 more
TL;DR: Sport-related concussion is a common injury in recreational and organized sport and there has been significant progress in scientific understanding over the past 30 years which has driven the development of clinical guidelines for diagnosis, assessment, and management.
Book ChapterDOI
The neuropathology of traumatic brain injury
Ann C. McKee,Daniel H. Daneshvar +1 more
TL;DR: Clinically, chronic traumatic encephalopathy is associated with behavioral changes, executive dysfunction, memory loss, and cognitive impairments that begin insidiously and progress slowly over decades, and may be associated with other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, and motor neuron disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
The clinical spectrum of sport-related traumatic brain injury
TL;DR: The spectrum of acute and chronic sport-related TBI is discussed, highlighting how examination of athletes involved in high-impact sports has advanced understanding of pathology of brain injury and enabled improvements in detection and diagnosis of sport- related TBI.
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