Cancer health disparities in racial/ethnic minorities in the United States
Valentina A. Zavala,Paige M. Bracci,John M. Carethers,Luis G. Carvajal-Carmona,Nicole B. Coggins,Marcia Cruz-Correa,Melissa Davis,Adam J. de Smith,Julie Dutil,Jane C. Figueiredo,Rena K. Fox,Kristi D. Graves,Scarlett Lin Gomez,Andrea S. Llera,Susan L. Neuhausen,Lisa A. Newman,Tung T. Nguyen,Julie R. Palmer,Nynikka R. Palmer,Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable,Sorbarikor Piawah,Erik J. Rodriquez,María Carolina Sanabria-Salas,Stephanie L. Schmit,Silvia J. Serrano-Gomez,Mariana C. Stern,Jeffrey N. Weitzel,Jun J. Yang,Jovanny Zabaleta,Elad Ziv,Laura Fejerman +30 more
TLDR
To eliminate cancer health disparities, it will be necessary to facilitate access to, and utilisation of, health services to all individuals, and to address structural inequities, including racism, that disproportionally affect racial/ethnic minorities in the USA.Abstract:
There are well-established disparities in cancer incidence and outcomes by race/ethnicity that result from the interplay between structural, socioeconomic, socio-environmental, behavioural and biological factors. However, large research studies designed to investigate factors contributing to cancer aetiology and progression have mainly focused on populations of European origin. The limitations in clinicopathological and genetic data, as well as the reduced availability of biospecimens from diverse populations, contribute to the knowledge gap and have the potential to widen cancer health disparities. In this review, we summarise reported disparities and associated factors in the United States of America (USA) for the most common cancers (breast, prostate, lung and colon), and for a subset of other cancers that highlight the complexity of disparities (gastric, liver, pancreas and leukaemia). We focus on populations commonly identified and referred to as racial/ethnic minorities in the USA-African Americans/Blacks, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asians, Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders and Hispanics/Latinos. We conclude that even though substantial progress has been made in understanding the factors underlying cancer health disparities, marked inequities persist. Additional efforts are needed to include participants from diverse populations in the research of cancer aetiology, biology and treatment. Furthermore, to eliminate cancer health disparities, it will be necessary to facilitate access to, and utilisation of, health services to all individuals, and to address structural inequities, including racism, that disproportionally affect racial/ethnic minorities in the USA.read more
Citations
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Cancer statistics for African American/Black People 2022
Angela Nicole Giaquinto,Kimberly D. Miller,Katherine Y Tossas,Robert A. Winn,Ahmedin Jemal,Rebecca L. Siegel +5 more
TL;DR: The overall cancer mortality disparity is narrowing between Black and White men because of a steeper drop in Black men for lung and prostate cancers, and breast cancer surpassed lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer death among Black women in 2019.
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High Social Vulnerability and "Textbook Outcomes" after Cancer Operation
J. Madison Hyer,Diamantis I. Tsilimigras,Adrian Diaz,Rayyan S. Mirdad,Rosevine A Azap,Jordan M. Cloyd,Mary Dillhoff,Aslam Ejaz,Allan Tsung,Timothy M. Pawlik +9 more
TL;DR: Social vulnerability was associated with lower attainment of TO and an increased risk of adverse postoperative surgical outcomes after several common oncological procedures, and the effect of high SVI was most pronounced among minority patients.
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Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cancer Risk.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an update on the epidemiological and mechanistic evidence linking obesity and type 2 diabetes with cancer, focusing on the roles of insulin, lipids, and adipose tissue.
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Is early-onset cancer an emerging global epidemic? Current evidence and future implications
Tomotaka Ugai,Naoko Sasamoto,Hwa-Young Lee,Mariko Ando,Mingyang Song,Rulla M. Tamimi,Ichiro Kawachi,Peter T. Campbell,Edward Giovannucci,Elisabete Weiderpass,Timothy R. Rebbeck,Shuji Ogino +11 more
TL;DR: The authors describe the emerging global increase in the incidence of early-onset cancers globally and suggest measures that are likely to reduce the burden of cancers and other chronic non-communicable diseases.
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Prevalence of Missing Data in the National Cancer Database and Association With Overall Survival.
Daniel X. Yang,Rohan Khera,Joseph A. Miccio,Vikram Jairam,Enoch Chang,James B. Yu,Henry S. Park,Harlan M. Krumholz,Sanjay Aneja +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assessed the prevalence of missing data and its association with overall survival among patients with cancer in the National Cancer Database and found that missing data was associated with heterogeneous differences in overall survival.
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