Characterising long COVID: a living systematic review.
Melina Michelen,Melina Michelen,Lakshmi Manoharan,Natalie Elkheir,Vincent Cheng,Andrew Dagens,Claire E. Hastie,Margaret E O’Hara,Jake Suett,Dania T Dahmash,Polina Bugaeva,Ishmeala Rigby,Daniel Munblit,Daniel Munblit,Eli Harriss,Amanda Burls,Carole Foote,Janet T Scott,Gail Carson,Piero Olliaro,Louise Sigfrid,Charitini Stavropoulou +21 more
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TLDR
In this article, a living systematic review was conducted to synthesize evidence on Long Covid characteristics, to inform clinical management, rehabilitation, and interventional studies to improve long term outcomes.Abstract:
Background: While it is now apparent clinical sequelae (often called Long Covid) may persist after acute Covid-19, their nature, frequency, and aetiology are poorly characterised. This study aims to regularly synthesise evidence on Long Covid characteristics, to inform clinical management, rehabilitation, and interventional studies to improve long term outcomes.
Methods: A living systematic review. Medline, CINAHL (EBSCO), Global Health (Ovid), WHO Global Research Database on Covid-19, LitCOVID, and Google Scholar were searched up to 17th March 2021. Published studies including at least 100 people with confirmed or clinically suspected Covid-19 at 12 weeks or more post-onset were included. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics and meta-analyses to estimate prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: Thirty-nine studies were included: 32 cohort, six cross-sectional, and one case-control. Most showed high or moderate risk of bias. None were set in low-income countries, limited studies included children. Studies reported on 10,951 people (48% female) in 12 countries. Most followed-up post hospital discharge (78%, 8520/10951). The longest mean follow-up was 221.7 (SD: 10.9) days post Covid-19 onset. An extensive range of symptoms with wide prevalence was reported, most commonly weakness (41%; 95% CI 25% to 59%), malaise (33%; 95% CI 15% to 57%), fatigue (31%; 95% CI 24% to 39%), concentration impairment (26%; 95% CI 21% to 32%), and breathlessness (25%; 95% CI 18% to 34%). Other frequent symptoms included musculoskeletal, neurological, and psychological. 37% (95% CI 18% to 60%) of people reported reduced quality of life.
Conclusion: Long Covid is a complex condition with heterogeneous symptoms. The nature of the studies precludes a precise case definition or evaluation of risk factors. There is an urgent need for prospective, robust, standardised controlled studies into aetiology, risk factors, and biomarkers to characterise Long Covid in different at-risk populations and settings.
Systematic review registration: The protocol was prospectively registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42020211131).read more
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Comparison of Complications after Coronavirus Disease and Seasonal Influenza, South Korea
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Long COVID following Omicron wave in Eastern India—A retrospective cohort study
A. C.,Ajay K. Singh,Payel Roy,Mythry Ravichandran,Srijani Mandal,Debkumar Pal,K. Das,G. Alekhya,M. R. Venkateshan,Baijayantimala Mishra,Binod Kumar Patro,Prasanta K. Mohapatra,S.H. Subba +12 more
TL;DR: The proportion of self-reported Long COVID is considerably low among COVID-19 patients diagnosed during the Omicron wave in Eastern India, when compared to estimates during Delta wave in the same setting.
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Inflammatory and Cardiac Biomarkers in Relation with Post-Acute COVID-19 and Mortality: What We Know after Successive Pandemic Waves
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Long-COVID Syndrome and the Cardiovascular System: A Review of Neurocardiologic Effects on Multiple Systems
TL;DR: Long-COVID syndrome is a multi-organ disorder that persists beyond 12 weeks post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) as mentioned in this paper .
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Long COVID Citizen Scientists: Developing a Needs-Based Research Agenda by Persons Affected by Long COVID
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors developed a citizen-driven, explicitly patient-centred research agenda with persons affected by Long COVID, setting it apart from existing multi-stakeholder efforts.
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