Characterising long COVID: a living systematic review.
Melina Michelen,Melina Michelen,Lakshmi Manoharan,Natalie Elkheir,Vincent Cheng,Andrew Dagens,Claire E. Hastie,Margaret E O’Hara,Jake Suett,Dania T Dahmash,Polina Bugaeva,Ishmeala Rigby,Daniel Munblit,Daniel Munblit,Eli Harriss,Amanda Burls,Carole Foote,Janet T Scott,Gail Carson,Piero Olliaro,Louise Sigfrid,Charitini Stavropoulou +21 more
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TLDR
In this article, a living systematic review was conducted to synthesize evidence on Long Covid characteristics, to inform clinical management, rehabilitation, and interventional studies to improve long term outcomes.Abstract:
Background: While it is now apparent clinical sequelae (often called Long Covid) may persist after acute Covid-19, their nature, frequency, and aetiology are poorly characterised. This study aims to regularly synthesise evidence on Long Covid characteristics, to inform clinical management, rehabilitation, and interventional studies to improve long term outcomes.
Methods: A living systematic review. Medline, CINAHL (EBSCO), Global Health (Ovid), WHO Global Research Database on Covid-19, LitCOVID, and Google Scholar were searched up to 17th March 2021. Published studies including at least 100 people with confirmed or clinically suspected Covid-19 at 12 weeks or more post-onset were included. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics and meta-analyses to estimate prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: Thirty-nine studies were included: 32 cohort, six cross-sectional, and one case-control. Most showed high or moderate risk of bias. None were set in low-income countries, limited studies included children. Studies reported on 10,951 people (48% female) in 12 countries. Most followed-up post hospital discharge (78%, 8520/10951). The longest mean follow-up was 221.7 (SD: 10.9) days post Covid-19 onset. An extensive range of symptoms with wide prevalence was reported, most commonly weakness (41%; 95% CI 25% to 59%), malaise (33%; 95% CI 15% to 57%), fatigue (31%; 95% CI 24% to 39%), concentration impairment (26%; 95% CI 21% to 32%), and breathlessness (25%; 95% CI 18% to 34%). Other frequent symptoms included musculoskeletal, neurological, and psychological. 37% (95% CI 18% to 60%) of people reported reduced quality of life.
Conclusion: Long Covid is a complex condition with heterogeneous symptoms. The nature of the studies precludes a precise case definition or evaluation of risk factors. There is an urgent need for prospective, robust, standardised controlled studies into aetiology, risk factors, and biomarkers to characterise Long Covid in different at-risk populations and settings.
Systematic review registration: The protocol was prospectively registered on the PROSPERO database (CRD42020211131).read more
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Health behaviours the month prior to COVID-19 infection and the development of self-reported long COVID and specific long COVID symptoms: a longitudinal analysis of 1581 UK adults
Elise Paul,Daisy Fancourt +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined whether specific health behaviours in the month preceding infection with COVID-19 act as upstream risk factors for long COVID as well as three specific long-COVID symptoms.
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Some of the workforce face post COVID after the acute phase of the illness: The employer’s supportive role
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present a review of organisational practices that could help employees suffering from long COVID-19 return to work and link these suggestions to theoretical frameworks from the field of work and organisational psychology.
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Impacts of vaccination and asymptomatic testing on SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in a university setting
Emily Nixon,Amy Thomas,Daniel A Stocks,Antoine M G Barreaux,Gibran Hemani,Adam Trickey,Rachel Kwiatkowska,Josephine G. Walker,David Ellis,Leon Danon,Caroline L Relton,Hannah Christensen,Ellen Brooks Pollock +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the impact of vaccination and asymptomatic testing uptake on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a university student population using a stochastic compartmental model.
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Prevalence of long COVID decreases for increasing COVID-19 vaccine uptake
TL;DR: In this article , the authors estimate that vaccines against COVID-19 decrease the prevalence of long COVID among U.S. adults by 20.9% and, from the analysis of 158 countries, by -15.7% (95% CI: -18.0%, -13.4%) among all who had COVID19.
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Prevalence and Persistence of Symptoms in Adult COVID-19 Survivors 3 and 18 Months after Discharge from Hospital or Corona Hotels
George Kalak,Amir Jarjoui,Abraham Bohadana,Pascal Wild,Ariel Rokach,N. Amiad,Nader Abdelrahman,Nissim Arish,Chen Chen-Shuali,Gabriel Izbicki +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a prospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 was conducted to characterize the prevalence and persistence of symptoms up to 18 months after diagnosis, and the mean number of symptoms per patient during acute disease was 2.3 (SD: 1.2), dropping to 1.8 (SD; 1.1) at 3 months after recovery and to 0.6 (SD 0.9) at 18 months.
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