Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical contrast in X-ray microscopy and spatially resolved XANES spectroscopy of organic specimens
TLDR
The scanning transmission x-ray microscope at the National Synchrotron Light Source has been used to record XANES spectra from 0.01-square-micrometer regions of organic specimens to identify and map separate phases in various polymer blends and to map the DNA distribution in chromosomes.Abstract:
The scanning transmission x-ray microscope at the National Synchrotron Light Source has been used to record x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra from 0.01-square-micrometer regions of organic specimens. The spectral features observed reflect the molecular structure of the dominant absorbing atoms and provide the contrast mechanism for high-resolution imaging with chemical sensitivity. This technique was used with x-ray energies near the carbon K absorption edge to identify and map separate phases in various polymer blends and to map the DNA distribution in chromosomes with a spatial resolution of 55 nanometers.read more
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X-Rays and Extreme Ultraviolet Radiation: Principles and Applications
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental properties of soft x-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation are discussed and their applications in a wide variety of fields, including EUV lithography for semiconductor chip manufacture and soft X-ray biomicroscopy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Interferometer‐controlled scanning transmission X‐ray microscopes at the Advanced Light Source
A. L. D. Kilcoyne,Tolek Tyliszczak,Tolek Tyliszczak,W. F. Steele,Sirine C. Fakra,P. Hitchcock,P. Hitchcock,K. Franck,Erik H. Anderson,Bruce Harteneck,Ed G. Rightor,G. E. Mitchell,Adam P. Hitchcock,L. Yang,Tony Warwick,Harald Ade +15 more
TL;DR: Two new soft X-ray scanning transmission microscopes located at the Advanced Light Source (ALS) have been designed, built and commissioned and interferometer control implemented in both microscopes allows the precise measurement of the transverse position of the zone plate relative to the sample.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soft X-ray microscopes and their biological applications
TL;DR: The answer depends on a combination of resolution, penetrating power, analytical sensitivity, compatibility with wet specimens, and the ease of image interpretation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Soft x-ray scattering facility at the Advanced Light Source with real-time data processing and analysis.
Eliot Gann,Anthony Young,Brian Collins,Hongping Yan,J. Nasiatka,Howard A. Padmore,Harald Ade,Alexander Hexemer,Cheng Wang +8 more
TL;DR: Of special interest is the development of a higher harmonic rejection system that improves the spectral purity of the x-ray beam.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wetting at polymer surfaces and interfaces
Mark Geoghegan,Georg Krausch +1 more
TL;DR: The authors review progress from the past few years in research into the influence of a boundary in polymer blends, concentrating largely on the wetting transition, and the growth of wetting layers, where they pay particular attention to blends in which hydrodynamic flow plays a dominant role.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Phase structure and adhesion in polymer blends: a criterion for rubber toughening
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of rubber particle size and rubber-matrix adhesion on notched impact toughness of nylon-rubber blends are analyzed. And the general condition for toughening is that the interparticle distance must be smaller than the critical value.
Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of dispersed phase in incompatible polymer blends: Interfacial and rheological effects
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation of dispersed phase in blends of incompatible polymers during melt extrusion with a co-rotating twin screw extruder was studied, using nylon and polyester as the matrix and ethylene-propylene rubbers as the dispersed phase.
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Rapid confirmation and revision of the primary structure of bovine serum albumin by ESIMS and frit-FAB LC/MS
TL;DR: It turned out that bovine serum albumin (BSA) is composed of 583 amino acid residues, and that its average molecular weight is not 66267.1, and it is corrected to 66430.3.
Journal ArticleDOI
Brittle-tough transition in nylon-rubber blends: effect of rubber concentration and particle size
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of rubber concentration and particle size on the tensile modulus, torsion modulus and notched impact strength of the EPDM-rubber blends were studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
Diffraction-limited imaging in a scanning transmission x-ray microscope
Chris Jacobsen,S. Williams,Erik H. Anderson,M.T. Browne,C.J. Buckley,Dieter P. Kern,Janos Kirz,Mark L. Rivers,Xiaodong Zhang +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a scanning transmission X-ray microscope with a 45 nm outer zone width and a 10% diffraction efficiency Fresnel zone plate as the probe-forming optic is presented.