Comparative genomics of Botryosphaeria dothidea and B. kuwatsukai , causal agents of apple ring rot, reveals both species expansion of pathogenicity-related genes and variations in virulence gene content during speciation
Bo Wang,Xiaofei Liang,Mark L. Gleason,Rong Zhang,Guangyu Sun +4 more
- Vol. 9, Iss: 2, pp 243-257
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TLDR
Comparing the genomes of Botryosphaeria dothidea and B. kuwatsukai will be instrumental in understanding how both phytopathogens interact with their plant hosts and in designing efficient strategies for disease control and molecular breeding to help ensure global apple production and food security.Abstract:
Ring rot, one of the most destructive diseases of apple worldwide, is caused primarily by Botryosphaeria dothidea and 8. kuwatsukai. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 8. dothidea strain PG45 (44.3 Mb with 5.12 % repeat rate) and 8. kuwatsukai epitype strain PG2 (48.0 Mb with 13.02 % repeat rate), and conducted a comparative analysis of these two genomes, as well as other sequenced fungal genomes, in order to understand speciation and distinctive patterns of evolution of pathogenicity-related genes. Pair-wise genome alignments revealed that the two species are highly syntenic (96.74 % average sequence identity). Both species encode a significant number of pathogenicity-related genes, e.g.carbohydrateactive enzymes (CAZYs), plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs), secondary metabolites (SMs) biosynthetic enzymes, cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs), and secreted peptidases, in comparison to all additional sequenced fungal species involved in various life-styles. The number of pathogenicity-related genes in 8. dothidea and 8. kuwatsukai is higher than other genomes of Botryosphaeriaceae pathogens (Macrophomina phaseolina and Neofusicoccum parvum), suggesting a secondary round of Botryosphaeria-lineage expansion in the family. There were, however, also significant differences in the genomes of the two Botryosphaeria species. Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai, which infects only apple and pear, apparently lost a set of SMs genes, CAZYs and PCWDEs, possibly as a result of host specialization. Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai contained significantly more transposable elements and higher value of repeat induced point (RIP) index than B. dothidea. Our results will be instrumental in understanding how both phytopathogens interact with their plant hosts and in designing efficient strategies for disease control and molecular breeding to help ensure global apple production and food security.read more
Citations
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SPAdes, a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing ( 7th Annual SFAF Meeting, 2012)
TL;DR: SPAdes as mentioned in this paper is a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data).
Journal ArticleDOI
The apple U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase MdPUB29 contributes to activate plant immune response to the fungal pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea
TL;DR: The mechanism by which MdPUB29 elevates plant pathogen defense against B. dothidea possibly by regulating the SA pathway was elucidated and the function of PUBs in apple ring rot remains elusive.
Journal ArticleDOI
Apple ethylene response factor MdERF11 confers resistance to fungal pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea.
Jia-Hui Wang,Kai-Di Gu,Peng-Liang Han,Jian-Qiang Yu,Chu-Kun Wang,Quan-Yan Zhang,Chun-Xiang You,Da-Gang Hu,Yu-Jin Hao +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, an apple nucleus-localized ERF transcription factor was isolated from apple cultivar 'Royal Gala' and qRT-PCR assays showed that the expression of MdERF11 was significantly induced in apple fruits after B. dothidea infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
What Do We Know about Botryosphaeriaceae? An Overview of a Worldwide Cured Dataset
TL;DR: This review collects and organized Botryosphaeriaceae occurrences in a single cured dataset, allowing for the first time a complete perspective on species’ global diversity, dispersion, host association, ecological niches, pathogenicity, communication efficiency of new occurrences, and new host–fungus associations.
Journal ArticleDOI
BTB-BACK Domain E3 Ligase MdPOB1 Suppresses Plant Pathogen Defense against Botryosphaeria dothidea by Ubiquitinating and Degrading MdPUB29 Protein in Apple.
TL;DR: Apple POZ/BTB CONTAINING-PROTEIN 1 (MdPOB1), a BTB-BACK domain E3 ligase protein, functions to suppress apple pathogen defense against Botryosphaeria dothidea through directly regulating potential downstream target protein MdPUB29 for proteasomal degradation in apple.
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TL;DR: SPAdes as mentioned in this paper is a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data).
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