Concurrent neuroimaging and neurostimulation reveals a causal role for dlPFC in coding of task-relevant information.
Jade B. Jackson,Eva Feredoes,Anina N. Rich,Michael Lindner,Alexandra Woolgar,Alexandra Woolgar +5 more
- Vol. 4, Iss: 1, pp 588-588
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TLDR
In this article, the authors applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during fMRI, and tested for causal changes in information coding, showing that TMS decreases coding of relevant information across frontoparietal cortex and the impact is significantly stronger than any effect on irrelevant information, which is not statistically detectable.Abstract:
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is proposed to drive brain-wide focus by biasing processing in favour of task-relevant information. A longstanding debate concerns whether this is achieved through enhancing processing of relevant information and/or by inhibiting irrelevant information. To address this, we applied transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during fMRI, and tested for causal changes in information coding. Participants attended to one feature, whilst ignoring another feature, of a visual object. If dlPFC is necessary for facilitation, disruptive TMS should decrease coding of attended features. Conversely, if dlPFC is crucial for inhibition, TMS should increase coding of ignored features. Here, we show that TMS decreases coding of relevant information across frontoparietal cortex, and the impact is significantly stronger than any effect on irrelevant information, which is not statistically detectable. This provides causal evidence for a specific role of dlPFC in enhancing task-relevant representations and demonstrates the cognitive-neural insights possible with concurrent TMS-fMRI-MVPA.read more
Citations
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DLPFC stimulation alters working memory related activations and performance: An interleaved TMS-fMRI study
Ryan Webler,James B. Fox,Lisa M. McTeague,Philip C. Burton,Logan T. Dowdle,E. Baron Short,Jeffrey J. Borckardt,Xingbao Li,Mark S. George,Ziad Nahas +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper , TMS single pulses were delivered to the left DLPFC at 100% motor threshold every 2.4s during TMS concurrent with n-back blocks.
Journal ArticleDOI
TMS Does Not Increase BOLD Activity at the Site of Stimulation: A Review of All Concurrent TMS-fMRI Studies
TL;DR: In this paper , a review of previous concurrent TMS-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies that reported analyses of BOLD activity at the target location is presented. But, the authors conclude that the current evidence points to TMS inducing periods of increased and decreased neuronal firing that mostly cancel each other out and therefore lead to no change in the overall BOLD signal.
Journal ArticleDOI
Developments in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study Human Cognition
TL;DR: The use of TMS to causally test dynamic causal modelings has been suggested previously (Hartwigsen et al., 2015; Best & Feredoes, 2013), and perturbation of a network with TMS has also contributed to the understanding of the relationship/dependence/separation between attention and WM as discussed by the authors .
Posted ContentDOI
Orthogonal neural encoding of targets and distractors supports multivariate cognitive control
Harrison Ritz,Amitai Shenhav +1 more
TL;DR: In this article , the authors measured fMRI activity while participants performed a task designed to tag processing and control over feature-specific information that is task-relevant (targets) versus task-irrelevant (distractors).
Posted ContentDOI
Concurrent Multimodal Data Acquisition During Brain Scanning is within Reach
Rosa Sola Molina,Gemma Lamp,Laila Hugrass,Russell Beaton,Marten De Man,Lisa Wise,David P. Crewther,Melvyn A. Goodale,Sheila G. Crewther +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, a high-speed, multimodal and synchronized system was presented to holistically examine neural processes that are involved in visually-guided reach-to-grasp planning and control.
References
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